Serum and peritoneal exudate concentrations after high doses of ß-lactams in critically ill patients with severe intra-abdominal infections: an observational prospective study.
J Antimicrob Chemother
; 75(1): 156-161, 2020 01 01.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-31599951
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Critically ill patients with severe intra-abdominal infections (IAIs) requiring surgery may undergo several pharmacokinetic (PK) alterations that can lead to ß-lactam underdosage.OBJECTIVES:
To measure serum and peritoneal exudate concentrations of ß-lactams after high doses and optimal administration schemes.METHODS:
This observational prospective study included critically ill patients with suspicion of IAI who required surgery and a ß-lactam antibiotic as empirical therapy. Serum and peritoneal exudate concentrations were measured during surgery and after a 24 h steady-state period. The PK/pharmacodynamic (PD) target was to obtain serum ß-lactam concentrations of 100% fT>4×MIC based on a worst-case scenario (based on the EUCAST highest epidemiological cut-off values) before bacterial documentation (a priori) and redefined following determination of the MIC for the isolated bacteria (a posteriori). Registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03310606).RESULTS:
Forty-eight patients were included with a median (IQR) age of 64 (53-74) years and a SAPS II of 40 (32-65). The main diagnosis was secondary nosocomial peritonitis. Piperacillin/tazobactam was the most administered ß-lactam antibiotic (75%). The serum/peritoneal piperacillin/tazobactam ratio was 0.88 (0.64-0.97) after a 24 h steady-state period. Prior to bacterial documentation, 16 patients (33.3%) achieved the a priori PK/PD target. The identification of microorganisms was available for 34 patients (71%). Based on the MIC for isolated bacteria, 78% of the patients achieved the serum PK/PD target.CONCLUSIONS:
In severe IAIs, high doses of ß-lactams ensured 100% fT>4×MIC in the serum for 78% of critically ill patients with severe IAIs within the first 24 h. In order to define optimal ß-lactam dosing, the PK/PD target should take into account the tissue penetration and local ecology.
Texto completo:
1
Bases de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Líquido Ascítico
/
Beta-Lactamas
/
Infecções Intra-Abdominais
Tipo de estudo:
Observational_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Aged
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
/
Middle aged
País/Região como assunto:
Europa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Antimicrob Chemother
Ano de publicação:
2020
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
França