O-GlcNAcylation and its role in the immune system.
J Biomed Sci
; 27(1): 57, 2020 Apr 29.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-32349769
ABSTRACT
O-linked-N-acetylglucosaminylation (O-GlcNAcylation) is a type of glycosylation that occurs when a monosaccharide, O-GlcNAc, is added onto serine or threonine residues of nuclear or cytoplasmic proteins by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and which can be reversibly removed by O-GlcNAcase (OGA). O-GlcNAcylation couples the processes of nutrient sensing, metabolism, signal transduction and transcription, and plays important roles in development, normal physiology and physiopathology. Cumulative studies have indicated that O-GlcNAcylation affects the functions of protein substrates in a number of ways, including protein cellular localization, protein stability and protein/protein interaction. Particularly, O-GlcNAcylation has been shown to have intricate crosstalk with phosphorylation as they both modify serine or threonine residues. Aberrant O-GlcNAcylation on various protein substrates has been implicated in many diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes and cancers. However, the role of protein O-GlcNAcylation in immune cell lineages has been less explored. This review summarizes the current understanding of the fundamental biochemistry of O-GlcNAcylation, and discusses the molecular mechanisms by which O-GlcNAcylation regulates the development, maturation and functions of immune cells. In brief, O-GlcNAcylation promotes the development, proliferation, and activation of T and B cells. O-GlcNAcylation regulates inflammatory and antiviral responses of macrophages. O-GlcNAcylation promotes the function of activated neutrophils, but inhibits the activity of nature killer cells.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Bases de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Beta-N-Acetil-Hexosaminidases
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N-Acetilglucosaminiltransferases
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Sistema Imunitário
Limite:
Animals
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Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Biomed Sci
Assunto da revista:
MEDICINA
Ano de publicação:
2020
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Taiwan