Metabolic disposition of [14 C]-abivertinib, an epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor: Role of glutathione conjugation.

ABSTRACT

AIMS: To determine the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of abivertinib, a third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: Seven patients with advanced NSCLC were given a single 200 mg/83 µCi oral suspension of [14 C]-abivertinib. Blood, urine and faeces were collected. Mass balance of radioactivity, the pharmacokinetics of abivertinib, and the total radioactivity were determined. Metabolite profiling and characterisation were performed. RESULTS: The mean recovery was 82.16%, with 2.38 and 79.78% of the radioactive dose excreted in urine and faeces, respectively. The unchanged abivertinib was the major radioactive component detected in plasma within the first 24 hours after dosing, accounting for 59.17% of the total drug-related radioactivity. Abivertinib in urine accounted for only 0.96% of the administered dose, whereas in faeces it accounted for 33.36%. Eight metabolites were detected and characterised in plasma, among which MII-7, a product of cysteine glycine conjugate, was the only circulating metabolite, accounting for approximate 10.6% of the total drug-related exposure. MII-2 (an abivertinib cysteine-glycine adduct) and M7 (a reduced product of abivertinib) were the 2 major metabolites in the excreta, accounting for 20.0 and 12.4%, respectively, of the drug-related radioactivity in faeces. CONCLUSION: Following a single oral administration, the unchanged abivertinib was the predominant drug-related material in plasma, urine and faeces. The drug-related materials were primarily eliminated via the faecal route. Direct glutathione conjugation of abivertinib played a significant role in the metabolic clearance and metabolite exposure of abivertinib.