ß-Lactams against the Fortress of the Gram-Positive Staphylococcus aureus Bacterium.
Chem Rev
; 121(6): 3412-3463, 2021 03 24.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-33373523
ABSTRACT
The biological diversity of the unicellular bacteria-whether assessed by shape, food, metabolism, or ecological niche-surely rivals (if not exceeds) that of the multicellular eukaryotes. The relationship between bacteria whose ecological niche is the eukaryote, and the eukaryote, is often symbiosis or stasis. Some bacteria, however, seek advantage in this relationship. One of the most successful-to the disadvantage of the eukaryote-is the small (less than 1 µm diameter) and nearly spherical Staphylococcus aureus bacterium. For decades, successful clinical control of its infection has been accomplished using ß-lactam antibiotics such as the penicillins and the cephalosporins. Over these same decades S. aureus has perfected resistance mechanisms against these antibiotics, which are then countered by new generations of ß-lactam structure. This review addresses the current breadth of biochemical and microbiological efforts to preserve the future of the ß-lactam antibiotics through a better understanding of how S. aureus protects the enzyme targets of the ß-lactams, the penicillin-binding proteins. The penicillin-binding proteins are essential enzyme catalysts for the biosynthesis of the cell wall, and understanding how this cell wall is integrated into the protective cell envelope of the bacterium may identify new antibacterials and new adjuvants that preserve the efficacy of the ß-lactams.
Texto completo:
1
Bases de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Staphylococcus aureus
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Beta-Lactamas
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Proteínas de Ligação às Penicilinas
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Inibidores Enzimáticos
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Antibacterianos
Limite:
Animals
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Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Chem Rev
Ano de publicação:
2021
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos