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Effect of Exposure to e-Cigarettes With Salt vs Free-Base Nicotine on the Appeal and Sensory Experience of Vaping: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Leventhal, Adam M; Madden, Danielle R; Peraza, Natalia; Schiff, Sara J; Lebovitz, Lucas; Whitted, Lauren; Barrington-Trimis, Jessica; Mason, Tyler B; Anderson, Marissa K; Tackett, Alayna P.
Afiliação
  • Leventhal AM; Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles.
  • Madden DR; Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles.
  • Peraza N; Institute for Addiction Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles.
  • Schiff SJ; Institute for Addiction Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles.
  • Lebovitz L; School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles.
  • Whitted L; Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles.
  • Barrington-Trimis J; Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles.
  • Mason TB; Institute for Addiction Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles.
  • Anderson MK; Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles.
  • Tackett AP; Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles.
JAMA Netw Open ; 4(1): e2032757, 2021 01 04.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33433597
Importance: Alkaline free-base nicotine is bitter and a respiratory irritant. High-nicotine electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) products contain acid additives that change nicotine from a free-base to a protonated salt chemical form, which could improve the sensory experience of vaping, particularly among never smokers unaccustomed to inhaling free-base nicotine. Objective: To determine whether exposure to e-cigarettes with salt vs free-base nicotine formulations improves the appeal and sensory experience of vaping e-cigarettes and whether nicotine formulation effects differ by e-cigarette flavor and ever combustible cigarette smoking status. Design, Setting, and Participants: Single-visit double-blind within-participant randomized clinical trial was conducted in an academic medical center outpatient clinical research facility in Southern California. Participants were 119 individuals with past 30-day e-cigarette or combustible cigarette use aged 21 years or older recruited from November 2019 to March 2020. Interventions: Participants self-administered standardized puffs of each 10 differently flavored e-cigarette solutions using a pod-style device. Each flavor was administered in salt (benzoic acid added) and free-base (no benzoic acid) nicotine formulations with commensurate nicotine concentrations (mean, 23.6 mg/mL). The 20 solutions were administered in randomly assigned sequences. Immediately after puffing each solution, participants rated appeal and sensory attributes. Main Outcomes and Measures: Self-reported appeal (mean of like, dislike [reverse-scored], and willingness to use again ratings) and 4 sensory attributes (sweetness, smoothness, bitterness, and harshness; analyzed individually) on visual analog scales with not at all and extremely anchors (range, 0-100). Results: Of the 119 participants; 39 (32.8%) were female. The mean (SD) age was 42.1 (14.4) years; 105 (88.2%) were ever combustible cigarette smokers, and 66 (55.5%) were current e-cigarette users. Salt vs free-base nicotine formulations produced higher ratings of appeal (salt vs free-base mean difference effect estimate: b = 12.0; 95% CI, 9.9-14.1; P < .001), sweetness (b = 9.3; 95% CI, 7.1-11.4; P < .001), and smoothness (b = 17.4; 95% CI, 15.2-19.6; P < .001) and lower ratings of bitterness (b = -13.3; 95% CI, -15.4 to -11.2; P < .001) and harshness (b = -21.0; 95% CI, -23.2 to -18.7; P < .001). Nicotine formulation effects largely generalized across different flavors and the smoothness-enhancing and harshness-reducing effects of nicotine salt were stronger in never vs ever cigarette smokers. Conclusions and Relevance: In this randomized clinical trial of adult current nicotine or tobacco product users, controlled exposure to e-cigarette puffs with salt vs free-base nicotine formulations appeared to increase product appeal and improve the sensory experience of vaping, particularly among never smokers. Regulatory policies limiting acid additives in e-cigarettes might reduce the appeal of high-nicotine e-cigarettes among populations deterred from vaping e-cigarettes that emit harsh aerosol. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04399031.
Assuntos

Texto completo: 1 Bases de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Sistemas Eletrônicos de Liberação de Nicotina / Vaping / Fumantes / Nicotina Tipo de estudo: Clinical_trials / Prognostic_studies Limite: Adult / Aged / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged País/Região como assunto: America do norte Idioma: En Revista: JAMA Netw Open Ano de publicação: 2021 Tipo de documento: Article

Texto completo: 1 Bases de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Sistemas Eletrônicos de Liberação de Nicotina / Vaping / Fumantes / Nicotina Tipo de estudo: Clinical_trials / Prognostic_studies Limite: Adult / Aged / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged País/Região como assunto: America do norte Idioma: En Revista: JAMA Netw Open Ano de publicação: 2021 Tipo de documento: Article