Thermal Assessment of Ex Vivo Laser Ablation of Cortical Bone.
ACS Biomater Sci Eng
; 6(4): 2415-2426, 2020 04 13.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-33455309
ABSTRACT
As a potential osteotomy tool, laser ablation is expected to provide rapid machining of bone, while generating minimal thermal damage (carbonization) and physical attributes within the machined region conducive to healing. As these characteristics vary with laser parameters and modes of laser operation, the clinical trials and in vivo studies render it difficult to explore these aspects for optimization of the laser machining parameters. In light of this, the current work explores various thermal and microstructural aspects of laser-ablated cortical bone in ex vivo study to understand the fundamentals of laser-bone interaction using computational modeling. The study employs the Yb-fiber NdYAG laser (λ = 1064 nm) in the continuous wave mode to machine the femur section of bovine bone by a three-dimensional machining approach. The examination involved thermal analysis using differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry, phase analysis using X-ray diffractometry, qualitative analysis using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and microstructural and semiquantitative analysis using scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy-dispersive spectrometry. The mechanism of efficient bone ablation using the NdYAG laser was evaluated using the computational thermokinetics outcome. The use of high laser fluence (10.61 J/mm2) was observed to be efficient to reduce the residual amorphous carbon in the heat-affected zone while achieving removal of the desired volume of the bone material at a rapid rate. Minimal thermal effects were predicted through computational simulation and were validated with the experimental outcome. In addition, this work reveals the in situ formation of a scaffold-like structure in the laser-machined region which can be conducive during healing.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Bases de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Terapia a Laser
/
Lasers de Estado Sólido
Tipo de estudo:
Prognostic_studies
/
Qualitative_research
Limite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Revista:
ACS Biomater Sci Eng
Ano de publicação:
2020
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos