Fizeau drag in graphene plasmonics.

Dong, Y; Xiong, L; Phinney, I Y; Sun, Z; Jing, R; McLeod, A S; Zhang, S; Liu, S; Ruta, F L; Gao, H; Dong, Z; Pan, R; Edgar, J H; Jarillo-Herrero, P; Levitov, L S; Millis, A J; Fogler, M M; Bandurin, D A; Basov, D N

Dong, Y; Xiong, L; Phinney, I Y; Sun, Z; Jing, R; McLeod, A S; Zhang, S; Liu, S; Ruta, F L; Gao, H; Dong, Z; Pan, R; Edgar, J H; Jarillo-Herrero, P; Levitov, L S; Millis, A J; Fogler, M M; Bandurin, D A; Basov, D N.

Afiliação

Dong Y; Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Xiong L; Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Phinney IY; Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Sun Z; Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Jing R; Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
McLeod AS; Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Zhang S; Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Liu S; Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Ruta FL; The Tim Taylor Department of Chemical Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA.
Gao H; Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Dong Z; Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Pan R; Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Edgar JH; Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Jarillo-Herrero P; Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Levitov LS; The Tim Taylor Department of Chemical Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA.
Millis AJ; Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Fogler MM; Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Bandurin DA; Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Basov DN; Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.

Nature ; 594(7864): 513-516, 2021 06.

Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34163054

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT

Dragging of light by moving media was predicted by Fresnel1 and verified by Fizeau's celebrated experiments2 with flowing water. This momentous discovery is among the experimental cornerstones of Einstein's special relativity theory and is well understood3,4 in the context of relativistic kinematics. By contrast, experiments on dragging photons by an electron flow in solids are riddled with inconsistencies and have so far eluded agreement with the theory5-7. Here we report on the electron flow dragging surface plasmon polaritons8,9 (SPPs) hybrid quasiparticles of infrared photons and electrons in graphene. The drag is visualized directly through infrared nano-imaging of propagating plasmonic waves in the presence of a high-density current. The polaritons in graphene shorten their wavelength when propagating against the drifting carriers. Unlike the Fizeau effect for light, the SPP drag by electrical currents defies explanation by simple kinematics and is linked to the nonlinear electrodynamics of Dirac electrons in graphene. The observed plasmonic Fizeau drag enables breaking of time-reversal symmetry and reciprocity10 at infrared frequencies without resorting to magnetic fields11,12 or chiral optical pumping13,14. The Fizeau drag also provides a tool with which to study interactions and nonequilibrium effects in electron liquids.

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Texto completo: 1 Bases de dados: MEDLINE Idioma: En Revista: Nature Ano de publicação: 2021 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Estados Unidos