Pneumonia incidence and oral health management by dental hygienists in long-term care facilities: A 1-year prospective multicentre cohort study.
Gerodontology
; 39(4): 374-383, 2022 Dec.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34750855
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
To investigate the association between oral health management (OHM) by dental hygienists and the occurrence of pneumonia, and determine the effectiveness of OHM in pneumonia prevention.BACKGROUND:
In long-term care facilities in Japan, the need for professional OHM is increasing with an increase in the number of severely debilitated residents. MATERIALS ANDMETHODS:
A 1-year prospective multicentre cohort study was conducted using data from 504 residents (63 men; mean age 87.4 ± 7.8 years) in Japanese long-term care facilities. Basic information, medical history, willingness to engage in oral hygiene behaviour, need for OHM and oral conditions were investigated at baseline. In addition, information on the occurrence of pneumonia was collected using a follow-up survey after one year. A Poisson regression analysis with robust standard errors was conducted, with pneumonia as the dependent variable, and factors associated with OHM and pneumonia occurrence as explanatory variables.RESULTS:
Overall, 349 (69.2%) residents required OHM by dental hygienists during that year of follow-up. Of those, 238 (68.2%) were provided with OHM, and 18 (7.5%) developed pneumonia. Among the 111 patients (31.8%) who were not provided with OHM, 21 (18.9%) developed pneumonia. The OHM group had lower pneumonia rates than the non-OHM group (prevalence rate ratio 0.374; 95% CI 0.210-0.665).CONCLUSION:
Oral health management by dental hygienists was associated with a lower incidence of pneumonia among residents of long-term care facilities, underlining the importance of professional OHM for such individuals. It is recommended that OHM be practised routinely in long-term care facilities.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Bases de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Pneumonia
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Saúde Bucal
Tipo de estudo:
Clinical_trials
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Etiology_studies
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Incidence_studies
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Observational_studies
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Prognostic_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Aged
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Aged80
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Humans
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Male
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Gerodontology
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Japão