Early Childhood Growth Parameters in South African Children with Exposure to Maternal HIV Infection and Placental Insufficiency.
Viruses
; 14(12)2022 12 09.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36560749
ABSTRACT
Maternal HIV exposure and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) due to placental insufficiency both carry major risks to early child growth. We compared the growth outcomes of children aged 18 months who had abnormal umbilical artery resistance indices (UmA-RI), as a marker of placental insufficiency, with a comparator group of children with normal UmA-RI during pregnancy, as mediated by maternal HIV infection. The cross-sectional study included 271 children, grouped into four subgroups based on HIV exposure and history of normal/abnormal UmA-RI, using available pregnancy and birth information. Standard procedures were followed to collect anthropometric data, and z-scores computed as per World Health Organization growth standards. Lower length-for-age z-scores (LAZ) were observed in children who were HIV-exposed-uninfected (CHEU) (-0.71 ± 1.23; p = 0.004) and who had abnormal UmA-RI findings (-0.68 ± 1.53; p < 0.001). CHEU with abnormal UmA-RI had lower LAZ (-1.3 ± 1.3; p < 0.001) and weight-for-age z-scores (WAZ) (-0.64 ± 0.92; p = 0.014) compared to the control group. The prevalence of stunting was 40.0% in CHEU with abnormal UmA-RI and 16.0% in CHEU with normal UmA-RI (p < 0.001; p = 0.016, respectively). In conclusion, maternal HIV exposure and placental insufficiency are independent risk factors for childhood stunting, with this risk potentiated when these two risk factors overlap.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Bases de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Insuficiência Placentária
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Infecções por HIV
Tipo de estudo:
Observational_studies
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Prevalence_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Child
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Child, preschool
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Female
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Humans
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Pregnancy
País/Região como assunto:
Africa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Viruses
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
África do Sul