Transanal endoscopic microsurgery technique: an acceptable approach for retrorectal tumors.

INTRODUCTION: Retrorectal lesions (RRLs) are rare lesions that originate from the tissue present in the retrorectal space. The gold standard of care is complete resection regardless of pathology. The traditional approaches (anterior, posterior, and combined) are relatively well described. Transanal Endoscopic Microsurgery (TEM) is a minimally invasive technique offered as an alternative approach for RRLs. AIM: To evaluate the outcomes of patients diagnosed with RRL and treated by the TEM approach, especially postoperative complications, and the recurrence rate. METHODS: Patients with RRLs treated with the TEM technique in one medical center between 2000 and 2020 were identified. Their postoperative outcomes were compared with historical controls. RESULTS: Thirty-nine patients diagnosed with RRL were operated on using the TEM platform. Thirty-seven RRLs were benign, and two were malignant. Their median size (IQR) was 20 mm (15, 32.5). The median distance (IQR) from the anal verge was 50 mm (50, 72.5). The median operative time (IQR) was 48.5 min (41.75, 60). All, except one lesion, were completely resected. The median length of stay (IQR) was one day (1, 1 day). Postoperative complications were diagnosed in three patients, two of which resolved following a second operation. CONCLUSIONS: The implementation of TEM for the resection of RRLs demonstrated excellent overall results with acceptable complication and recurrence rate and represented a viable alternative surgical approach.