Genesis, modelling and methodological remedies to autism heterogeneity.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev
; 150: 105201, 2023 07.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37116771
ABSTRACT
Diagnostic criteria used in autism research have undergone a shift towards the inclusion of a larger population, paralleled by increasing, but variable, estimates of autism prevalence across clinical settings and continents. A categorical diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder is now consistent with large variations in language, intelligence, comorbidity, and severity, leading to a heterogeneous sample of individuals, increasingly distant from the initial prototypical descriptions. We review the history of autism diagnosis and subtyping, and the evidence of heterogeneity in autism at the cognitive, neurological, and genetic levels. We describe two strategies to address the problem of heterogeneity clustering, and truncated-compartmentalized enrollment strategy based on prototype recognition. The advances made using clustering methods have been modest. We present an alternative, new strategy for dissecting autism heterogeneity, emphasizing incorporation of prototypical samples in research cohorts, comparison of subgroups defined by specific ranges of values for the clinical specifiers, and retesting the generality of neurobiological results considered to be acquired from the entire autism spectrum on prototypical cohorts defined by narrow specifiers values.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Bases de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Transtorno Autístico
/
Transtorno do Espectro Autista
Tipo de estudo:
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Neurosci Biobehav Rev
Ano de publicação:
2023
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
França