Autoimmune Disease in Turner Syndrome in Sweden: An up to 25 Years' Controlled Follow-up Study.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab
; 109(2): e602-e612, 2024 Jan 18.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37758506
ABSTRACT
CONTEXT Turner syndrome (TS) is the most common chromosomal aberration in women; it is the result of structural or numeric abnormalities in the X chromosome. Autoimmune hypothyroidism has been recognized as one of the more prominent disorders associated with TS. OBJECTIVE:
This work aimed to study the prevalence of autoimmune diseases in TS.METHODS:
A cross-sectional, longitudinal, 25-year follow-up study was conducted of patients from adult Turner centers at the University Hospitals, Sweden. During 1994 to 2020, a total of 503 women aged 16 to 71 years with TS were evaluated consecutively every fifth year according to national guidelines. A random population sample of women, n = 401, aged 25 to 44 years, from the World Health Organization Monitoring of Trends and Determinants for Cardiovascular Disease (MONICA) project served as controls. Serum thyrotropin, free thyroxine, vitamin B12, antithyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO), and antitransglutaminase antibodies were measured.RESULTS:
Mean follow-up time (years) was 16 ± 7 for patients and 13 ± 1 for controls. From study start, the prevalence increased in TS for hypothyroidism 40% to 58%, vitamin B12 deficiency 5% to 12%, celiac disease 4% to 7%, positive anti-TPO 26% to 41%, and antitransglutaminase antibodies 6% to 8% (P < .0001 vs controls). Type 1 diabetes and Addison disease were rare. The only interrelationship was between hypothyroidism and vitamin B12 deficiency, both in TS and controls. No association between autoimmune disease and karyotype, antecedent growth hormone treatment, or ongoing estrogen hormone replacement, was seen in TS.CONCLUSION:
In women with TS up to older than 80 years, more than half developed hypothyroidism, mainly autoimmune, during follow-up. Awareness of vitamin B12 deficiency and celiac disease throughout life is also recommended in women with TS.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Bases de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Síndrome de Turner
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Deficiência de Vitamina B 12
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Doença de Addison
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Doença Celíaca
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Hipotireoidismo
Tipo de estudo:
Guideline
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Observational_studies
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Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Adult
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Female
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Humans
País/Região como assunto:
Europa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Clin Endocrinol Metab
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Suécia