A comparative study of smooth muscle cell characteristics and myofibroblasts in processus vaginalis of pediatric inguinal hernia, hydrocele and undescended testis.
BMC Urol
; 24(1): 115, 2024 May 30.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38816716
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Congenital inguinal hernia, hydrocele and undescended testis (UDT) are associated with patent processus vaginalis. The smooth muscles present in the processus vaginalis aid in the descent of the testis and undergo programmed cell death after testicular descent leading to obliteration. The persisting amount of smooth muscle in the processus vaginalis influences the clinical outcome as inguinal hernia, hydrocele or UDT. Therefore, a study was conducted to evaluate the processus vaginalis in these three conditions to observe the presence and phenotype of smooth muscle cells and the presence of myofibroblasts. MATERIALS ANDMETHODS:
The processus vaginalis sacs in patients with inguinal hernia, hydrocele and UDT were examined using light microscopy for the presence and distribution of smooth muscle cells and immunohistochemical staining for vimentin, desmin, and α-smooth muscle actin (SMA) to identify the smooth muscle phenotype. Transmission electron microscopy was also performed in all the sacs to observe the presence of myofibroblasts.RESULTS:
Seventy-eight specimens of processus vaginalis (from seventy-four patients), distributed as 47%, 27%, and 26% as inguinal hernia, hydrocele and UDT respectively, were included in the study. The sacs from inguinal hernia and hydrocele had significantly more presence of smooth muscles distributed as multiple smooth muscle bundles (p < 0.001). Desmin and SMA staining of smooth muscle cells was observed in significantly more sacs from hydrocele, followed by inguinal hernia and UDT (p < 0.001). The sacs from UDT had a significant presence of striated muscles (p = 0.028). The sacs from inguinal hernia had a significant presence of myofibroblasts, followed by hydrocele and UDT (p < 0.001) and this significantly correlated with the light microscopy and immunohistochemical features. The processus vaginalis sacs from four female patients did not differ statistically from the male inguinal hernia sacs in any of the above parameters.CONCLUSION:
The processus vaginalis sacs in pediatric inguinal hernia, hydrocele and undescended testis differ in the presence, distribution and phenotype of smooth muscles and the presence of myofibroblasts. The clinical presentations in these entities reflect these differences.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
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Bases de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Criptorquidismo
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Miócitos de Músculo Liso
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Miofibroblastos
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Hérnia Inguinal
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Hidrocele Testicular
Limite:
Child
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Child, preschool
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Humans
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Infant
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Male
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Newborn
Idioma:
En
Revista:
BMC Urol
Assunto da revista:
UROLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Índia