Systematic review of universal family prevention programs: Analysis in terms of efficacy, retention and adherence. / Revisión sistemática de programas de prevención familiar universal: Análisis en términos de eficacia, retención y adherencia.

Adherence is an important aspect of the effectiveness of family interventions for universal drug prevention. Some approaches suggest adherence assessments should be improved because they are partial and do not take into account all dimensions. The objective of the study is to analyze adherence and retention measures used in family intervention programs for the prevention of substance use in young people aged 10-14 years. To this end, the literature was reviewed on universal programs which have obtained good preventive results. The information sources consulted are: PubMed, PsycINFO (EBSCO), PsycArticles (EBSCO), Social Work abstracts (EBSCO), CINAHL (EBSCO) SocIndex (EBSCO), Scopus, Academic Search Premier (EBSCO), SCIC-ISOC, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, ERIC, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Project Cork, Researchgate, and consultation with experts. The search results show 21 studies belonging to 6 family programs: Strengthening Families Program 10-14, Parents Who Care, Family Check-Up, Linking Lives Health, Prevention of Alcohol use in Students, and Örebro Prevention Program. The studies analyzed provide little information on the different elements involved in adherence. Retention and differential attribution are the data that appear most frequently, while other aspects such as active participation do not appear in the studies. The results are discussed and recommendations are made to improve the evaluation of adherence and retention in family prevention programs.

La adherencia es un aspecto importante para la eficacia de las intervenciones familiares de prevención universal de drogas. Algunas aproximaciones sugieren mejorar las evaluaciones sobre adherencia, ya que resultan parciales y no tienen en cuenta todas sus dimensiones. El objetivo del estudio es analizar las medidas de adherencia y retención utilizadas en los programas de intervención familiar para la prevención del consumo en jóvenes de 10-14 años. Para ello se revisa la literatura sobre programas universales que han obtenido buenos resultados preventivos. Las fuentes de información consultadas son: PubMed, PsycINFO (EBSCO), PsycArticles (EBSCO), Social Work abstracts (EBSCO), CINAHL (EBSCO) SocIndex (EBSCO), Scopus, Academic Search Premier (EBSCO), SCIC-ISOC, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, ERIC, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Project Cork, Researchgate y consulta expertos. Los resultados de la búsqueda muestran 21 estudios que pertenecen a 6 programas familiares: Strengthening Families Programme 10-14, Parents Who Care, Family Check-Up, Linking Lives Health, Prevention of Alcohol use in Students y Örebro Prevention Program. Los estudios analizados aportan poca información sobre los diferentes elementos involucrados en la adherencia. La retención y la atricción diferencial son los datos que aparecen con mayor frecuencia, mientras que otros aspectos como la participación activa no aparecen en los estudios. Se discuten los resultados y se realizan recomendaciones para mejorar la evaluación de la adherencia y retención en los programas de prevención familiar.

Meta-analysis of family-based selective prevention programs for drug consumption in adolescence.

BACKGROUND: Substance consumption (SC) begins in adolescence and has been linked to protection factors such as family relationships (FR) and positive parenting (PP). There are few studies concerning the effectiveness of prevention programs based on the family, even though assessing interventions is one of the objectives of preventive science. The aim of this study was to analyze the evidence on family-based selective prevention programs in relation to drug consumption in adolescents. METHODOLOGY: A meta-analysis of 9 studies with 102 measures grouped in three dimensions, FR, PP and SC, ranging between 2001 and 2015, was conducted. RESULTS: Effect sizes (ES) were found to be 0.82 for FR, 0.71 for PP, 0.77 for the combination of both and 0.21 for SC. The Q and I2 indexes expressed high heterogeneity. CONCLUSIONS: Despite obtaining high ES consistent with previous studies, the great heterogeneity found did not allow us to draw clear conclusions regarding the primary studies. It is recommended that methodological improvements in assessment and reporting processes be carried out for future comparisons.

Revisión sistemática de programas de prevención familiar universal: Análisis en términos de eficacia, retención y adherencia / Systematic review of universal family prevention programs: Analysis in terms of efficacy, retention and adherence

La adherencia es un aspecto importante para la eficacia de lasintervenciones familiares de prevención universal de drogas. Algunasaproximaciones sugieren mejorar las evaluaciones sobre adherencia,ya que resultan parciales y no tienen en cuenta todas sus dimensiones.El objetivo del estudio es analizar las medidas de adherencia yretención utilizadas en los programas de intervención familiar para laprevención del consumo en jóvenes de 10-14 años. Para ello se revisala literatura sobre programas universales que han obtenido buenosresultados preventivos. Las fuentes de información consultadas son:PubMed, PsycINFO (EBSCO), PsycArticles (EBSCO), Social Workabstracts (EBSCO), CINAHL (EBSCO) SocIndex (EBSCO), Scopus,Academic Search Premier (EBSCO), SCIC-ISOC, Cochrane Databaseof Systematic Reviews, ERIC, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, ProjectCork, Researchgate y consulta expertos. Los resultados de la búsquedamuestran 21 estudios que pertenecen a 6 programas familiares:Strengthening Families Programme 10-14, Parents Who Care,Family Check-Up, Linking Lives Health, Prevention of Alcohol usein Students y Örebro Prevention Program. Los estudios analizadosaportan poca información sobre los diferentes elementos involucradosen la adherencia. La retención y la atricción diferencial son los datosque aparecen con mayor frecuencia, mientras que otros aspectos comola participación activa no aparecen en los estudios. Se discuten losresultados y se realizan recomendaciones para mejorar la evaluaciónde la adherencia y retención en los programas de prevención familiar. (AU)

Adherence is an important aspect of the effectiveness of familyinterventions for universal drug prevention. Some approaches suggestadherence assessments should be improved because they are partialand do not take into account all dimensions. The objective of thestudy is to analyze adherence and retention measures used in familyintervention programs for the prevention of substance use in youngpeople aged 10-14 years. To this end, the literature was reviewed onuniversal programs which have obtained good preventive results. Theinformation sources consulted are: PubMed, PsycINFO (EBSCO),PsycArticles (EBSCO), Social Work abstracts (EBSCO), CINAHL(EBSCO) SocIndex (EBSCO), Scopus, Academic Search Premier(EBSCO), SCIC-ISOC, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews,ERIC, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Project Cork, Researchgate,and consultation with experts. The search results show 21 studiesbelonging to 6 family programs: Strengthening Families Program10-14, Parents Who Care, Family Check-Up, Linking Lives Health,Prevention of Alcohol use in Students, and Örebro PreventionProgram. The studies analyzed provide little information on thedifferent elements involved in adherence. Retention and differentialattribution are the data that appear most frequently, while otheraspects such as active participation do not appear in the studies. Theresults are discussed and recommendations are made to improvethe evaluation of adherence and retention in family preventionprograms. (AU)

Meta-analysis of family-based selective prevention programs for drug consumption in adolescence / Meta-análisis sobre programas de prevención selectiva del consumo de drogas en adolescentes basados en la familia

Background: Substance consumption (SC) begins in adolescence and has been linked to protection factors such as family relationships (FR) and positive parenting (PP). There are few studies concerning the effectiveness of prevention programs based on the family, even though assessing interventions is one of the objectives of preventive science. The aim of this study was to analyze the evidence on family-based selective prevention programs in relation to drug consumption in adolescents. Methodology: A meta-analysis of 9 studies with 102 measures grouped in three dimensions, FR, PP and SC, ranging between 2001 and 2015, was conducted. Results: Effect sizes (ES) were found to be 0.82 for FR, 0.71 for PP, 0.77 for the combination of both and 0.21 for SC. The Q and I2 indexes expressed high heterogeneity. Conclusions: Despite obtaining high ES consistent with previous studies, the great heterogeneity found did not allow us to draw clear conclusions regarding the primary studies. It is recommended that methodological improvements in assessment and reporting processes be carried out for future comparisons (AU)

Antecedentes: el consumo de sustancias (CS) comienza en la adolescencia y se ha relacionado con factores de protección como las relaciones familiares (RF) o la parentalidad positiva (PP). Existen pocas evaluaciones acerca de la eficacia de los programas de prevención basados en la familia. Evaluar las intervenciones es uno de los objetivos que persigue la ciencia preventiva. El objetivo del estudio es analizar las evidencias sobre los programas de prevención selectiva basados en la familia en relación al consumo de drogas en adolescentes. Metodología: se ha llevado a cabo un meta-análisis de 9 estudios con 102 medidas agrupadas en tres dimensiones, RF, PP y CS, comprendidos entre el 2001 y el 2015. Resultados: los tamaños del efecto (TE) encontrados para RF fue de 0.82, para PP de 0.71, para la combinación de ambas 0.77, y para CS 0.21. Los índices Q e I2 expresaron alta heterogeneidad. Conclusiones: a pesar de obtener TE altos congruentes con los estudios anteriores, la alta heterogeneidad no permite sacar conclusiones claras acerca de los estudios primarios. Se recomienda realizar mejoras metodológicas en los procesos de evaluación y lo reporten para las futuras comparaciones (AU)