[Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy assessed using two-field mydriatic fundus photography]. / Otsenka rasprostranennosti diabeticheskoi retinopatii s pomoshch'yu dvukhpol'nogo midriaticheskogo fundus-fotografirovaniya.

Early detection of diabetic retinopathy (DR) is an urgent ophthalmological problem in Russia and globally. PURPOSE: This study assesses the prevalence of asymptomatic retinopathy and attempts to identify risk groups for its development in patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus (T1DM and T2DM). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study involved clinics from 5 cities in the Russian Federation and it included 367 patients with DM, 34.88% men and 65.12% women, aged 50.88±20.55 years. 34.88% of patients suffered from T1DM, 65.12% suffered from T2DM, the average duration of the disease was 9.02±7.22 years. 58.31% of patients had a history of arterial hypertension, 13.08% had a history of smoking. The primary endpoint was the frequency of detection of diabetic changes in the eye fundus of patients with T1DM and T2DM in general; the secondary endpoint - same but separately, and for T2DM patients depending on the duration of the disease. The exploratory endpoint was the assessment of the influence of various factors on the development of DR. The patients underwent visometry (modified ETDRS table), biomicroscopy, mydriatic fundus photography according to the «2 fields¼ protocol. RESULTS: The average detection rate of DR was 12.26%, primarily observed in patients with T2DM (13.81%), women (9.26%), in both eyes (8.17%). Among patients with DR, 26 (19.55%) had glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level exceeding 7.5% (p=0.002), indicating a direct relationship between this indicator and the incidence of DR. Logistic regression analysis showed that the duration of diabetes of more than 10 years has a statistically significant effect on the development of DR. In the modified model for odds estimation, the likelihood of developing DR is increased by the duration of DM for more than 10 years; increased blood pressure; HbA1c level >7.5%. CONCLUSION: The obtained results, some of which will be presented in subsequent publications, highlight the effectiveness of using two-field mydriatic fundus photography as a screening for DR.

Search for Lepton Number and Flavor Violation in K

Searches for the lepton number violating K^{+}→π^{-}µ^{+}e^{+} decay and the lepton flavor violating K^{+}→π^{+}µ^{-}e^{+} and π^{0}→µ^{-}e^{+} decays are reported using data collected by the NA62 experiment at CERN in 2017-2018. No evidence for these decays is found and upper limits of the branching ratios are obtained at 90% confidence level: B(K^{+}→π^{-}µ^{+}e^{+})<4.2×10^{-11}, B(K^{+}→π^{+}µ^{-}e^{+})<6.6×10^{-11} and B(π^{0}→µ^{-}e^{+})<3.2×10^{-10}. These results improve by 1 order of magnitude over previous results for these decay modes.

[Diabetes mellitus and the female reproductive system tumors].

The article discusses various pathophysiological conditions and processes that lead to the development of tumors in diabetes mellitus. These include obesity, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, inflammation, and oxidative stress. The data of epidemiological studies are given, in which it was found that diabetes mellitus (both type 1 and type 2) increases the risk of developing the female reproductive system tumors, such as ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, while for cervical cancer, vaginal cancer and vulvar cancer, such a relationship has not been clearly identified.

[The morphological diagnosis of osteoblastoma in children from the viewpoint of its early oncological pathology]. / Morfologicheskaia diagnostika osteoblastomy u detei s pozitsii rannei onkologicheskoi patologii.

A multifactorial morphologic study was performed in 72 children (49 boys and 23 girls) aged from 2 to 16 years, operated on because of osteoid osteoma and osteoblastoma of 12 anatomical sites. It is shown that different variants of early stages of osteogenic tumours correspond to different levels of cell differentiation and atypia. The smallest foci of dysplasia found near the tumour should be considered as pretumorous bone dysplasia.

[Immunogenic properties of the cellular components of Brucella]. / Immunogennye svoistva kletochnykh komponentov brutsell

A study was made of immunogenic properties of the cell wall and other cellular components of brucellae obtained by mechanical disntegration of bacteria. The greatest immunogenic properties proved to be possessed by the cell walls. In using the vaccine consisting o the living vaccine of the Br. abortus strain 19 and the cell walls of brucellae the efficacy of the preparation was not reduced in experiments on guinea pigs and mice.

[Experience in the cytological diagnosis of thyroid cancer in an endemic goiter area]. / Opyt tsitologicheskoi diagnostiki raka shchitovidnoi zhelezy v éndemichnoi po zobu oblasti.

Preoperative diagnosis of thyroid pathology was improved following a cytological examination of punctates from nodulated formations of the thyroid in patients living in goiter-endemic regions. Diagnosis of thyroid cancer was confirmed preoperatively in 78% of cases, which, in turn, warranted application of adequate surgical procedures.