[Patient monitoring strategy in a hand surgery university center labeled FESUM-Integration of postgraduate students: A prospective study]. / Stratégie de suivi des patients dans un centre SOS main universitaire labellisé FESUM-Intégration des étudiants de 3e cycle : une étude prospective.

INTRODUCTION: Federation of Hand Emergency Services (FESUM) is a European network of hand emergency centers (called SOS hand centers) in France, Belgium and Luxembourg. The FESUM network includes 64 SOS Hand centers in France. In our university hospital, the FESUM-certified SOS hand has been part of the plastic surgery department since 2001. It has included, since 2016, postgraduate students ("residents") training in hand surgery who participate independently in the patient follow-up. The objective of this study was to analyze the characteristics of this population of patients with hand injuries and their satisfaction with this mode of follow-up. The secondary objective was to study the characteristics of the patient population treated by our center. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We conducted a study on the follow-up of patients undergoing emergency hand surgery, prospective, single-center, declarative, anonymized, between May and October 2021 at the SOS main center of our university hospital at the "SOS Main" intern consultation. The demographic data, the main characteristics of the pathology, the elements of initial care and follow-up of the patients as well as their satisfaction were analyzed, as well as the satisfaction of the interns. RESULTS: We included 323 patients. The population of patients treated generally corresponded to a young man, manual worker, who was initially treated in an outpatient department or in an SOS Hand consultation. The lesions most often represented were fractures (24%), tendon wounds (18%) and wounds without damage to noble tissues (16%). Follow-up consultations took place mainly 15days after the emergency intervention, lasted on average 10minutes and did not present excessive delays. Patient (91.2%) and post-graduate student (87.2%) satisfaction was high. However, postoperative physiotherapy follow-up was insufficient, as was self-rehabilitation. CONCLUSION: The integration of post-graduate student in a university plastic surgery department into the care of SOS Hand patients seems beneficial for all those involved, and for their training. The characteristics of the follow-up consultations by the intern in autonomous supervision corresponded to the high quality standards of the FESUM. The patients showed a high satisfaction rate. Better valorization of this consultation in "office surgery" should be considered.

Azimuthal Correlations within Exclusive Dijets with Large Momentum Transfer in Photon-Lead Collisions.

The structure of nucleons is multidimensional and depends on the transverse momenta, spatial geometry, and polarization of the constituent partons. Such a structure can be studied using high-energy photons produced in ultraperipheral heavy-ion collisions. The first measurement of the azimuthal angular correlations of exclusively produced events with two jets in photon-lead interactions at large momentum transfer is presented, a process that is considered to be sensitive to the underlying nuclear gluon polarization. This study uses a data sample of ultraperipheral lead-lead collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 0.38 nb^{-1}, collected with the CMS experiment at the LHC. The measured second harmonic of the correlation between the sum and difference of the two jet transverse momentum vectors is found to be positive, and rising, as the dijet transverse momentum increases. A well-tuned model that has been successful at describing a wide range of proton scattering data from the HERA experiments fails to describe the observed correlations, suggesting the presence of gluon polarization effects.

Observation of the B_{c}

The B_{c}^{+} meson is observed for the first time in heavy ion collisions. Data from the CMS detector are used to study the production of the B_{c}^{+} meson in lead-lead (Pb-Pb) and proton-proton (pp) collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV, via the B_{c}^{+}→(J/ψ→µ^{+}µ^{-})µ^{+}ν_{µ} decay. The B_{c}^{+} nuclear modification factor, derived from the Pb-Pb-to-pp ratio of production cross sections, is measured in two bins of the trimuon transverse momentum and of the Pb-Pb collision centrality. The B_{c}^{+} meson is shown to be less suppressed than quarkonia and most of the open heavy-flavor mesons, suggesting that effects of the hot and dense nuclear matter created in heavy ion collisions contribute to its production. This measurement sets forth a promising new probe of the interplay of suppression and enhancement mechanisms in the production of heavy-flavor mesons in the quark-gluon plasma.

Search for Resonances Decaying to Three W Bosons in Proton-Proton Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV.

A search for resonances decaying into a W boson and a radion, where the radion decays into two W bosons, is presented. The data analyzed correspond to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb^{-1} recorded in proton-proton collisions with the CMS detector at sqrt[s]=13 TeV. One isolated charged lepton is required, together with missing transverse momentum and one or two massive large-radius jets, containing the decay products of either two or one W bosons, respectively. No excess over the background estimation is observed. The results are combined with those from a complementary channel with an all-hadronic final state, described in an accompanying paper. Limits are set on parameters of an extended warped extra-dimensional model. These searches are the first of their kind at the LHC.

Probing Charm Quark Dynamics via Multiparticle Correlations in Pb-Pb Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV.

Multiparticle azimuthal correlations of prompt D^{0} mesons are measured in Pb-Pb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV. For the first time, a four-particle cumulant method is used to extract the second Fourier coefficient of the azimuthal distribution (v_{2}) of D^{0} mesons as a function of event centrality and the D^{0} transverse momentum. The ratios of the four-particle v_{2} values to previously measured two-particle cumulant results provide direct experimental access to event-by-event fluctuations of charm quark azimuthal anisotropies. These ratios are also found to be comparable to those of inclusive charged particles in the event. However, hints of deviations are seen in the most central and peripheral collisions. To investigate the origin of flow fluctuations in the charm sector, these measurements are compared to a model implementing fluctuations of charm quark energy loss via collisional or radiative processes in the quark-gluon plasma. These models cannot quantitatively describe the data over the full transverse momentum and centrality ranges, although the calculations with collisional energy loss provide a better description of the data.

Measurement of the Inclusive and Differential Higgs Boson Production Cross Sections in the Decay Mode to a Pair of τ Leptons in pp Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV.

Measurements of the inclusive and differential fiducial cross sections of the Higgs boson are presented, using the τ lepton decay channel. The differential cross sections are measured as functions of the Higgs boson transverse momentum, jet multiplicity, and transverse momentum of the leading jet in the event, if any. The analysis is performed using proton-proton collision data collected with the CMS detector at the LHC at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb^{-1}. These are the first differential measurements of the Higgs boson cross section in the final state of two τ leptons. In final states with a large jet multiplicity or with a Lorentz-boosted Higgs boson, these measurements constitute a significant improvement over measurements performed in other final states.

Search for Higgs Boson Pair Production in the Four b Quark Final State in Proton-Proton Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV.

A search for pairs of Higgs bosons produced via gluon and vector boson fusion is presented, focusing on the four b quark final state. The data sample consists of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected with the CMS detector at the LHC, and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb^{-1}. No deviation from the background-only hypothesis is observed. A 95% confidence level upper limit on the Higgs boson pair production cross section is observed at 3.9 times the standard model prediction for an expected value of 7.8. Constraints are also set on the modifiers of the Higgs field self-coupling, κ_{λ}, and of the coupling of two Higgs bosons to two vector bosons, κ_{2 V}. The observed (expected) allowed intervals at the 95% confidence level are -2.3<κ_{λ}<9.4 (-5.0<κ_{λ}<12.0) and -0.1<κ_{2 V}<2.2 (-0.4<κ_{2 V}<2.5). These are the most stringent observed constraints to date on the HH production cross section and on the κ_{2 V } coupling.

Search for Flavor-Changing Neutral Current Interactions of the Top Quark and Higgs Boson in Final States with Two Photons in Proton-Proton Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV.

Proton-proton interactions resulting in final states with two photons are studied in a search for the signature of flavor-changing neutral current interactions of top quarks (t) and Higgs bosons (H). The analysis is based on data collected at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb^{-1}. No significant excess above the background prediction is observed. Upper limits on the branching fractions (B) of the top quark decaying to a Higgs boson and an up (u) or charm (c) quark are derived through a binned fit to the diphoton invariant mass spectrum. The observed (expected) 95% confidence level upper limits are found to be 0.019% (0.031%) for B(t→Hu) and 0.073% (0.051%) for B(t→Hc). These are the strictest upper limits yet determined.

Surgical practices of cosmetic breast augmentation by implants among 411 French plastic surgeons.

INTRODUCTION: Breast augmentation is one of the most frequently performed cosmetic surgeries in the world. However, there is no standardized surgical procedure for performing breast augmentation. Many modalities exist for this surgery which may explain why practices vary greatly from one surgeon to another. The aim of this study was to evaluate current practices of breast augmentation by implant in France and changes in practices among French plastic surgeons. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This observational study was conducted between February 2020 and January 2021. An online questionnaire with 62 questions was sent to 729 French plastic surgeons. The questions concerned: the population of surgeons interviewed, pre-operative aspects, surgical technique and post-operative management. RESULTS: 411 plastic surgeons responded, 5.1% of surgeons impose a nicotine screening test on patients. 99.76% and 95.59% reported that they used silicone gel implants and round prostheses. All used smooth or micro-textured shells. The inframammary approach was the most used by 66.2% of plastic surgeons. The implants placed were between 250 and 300 cc on average and were mainly placed in "Dual plane" by 42% of surgeons. In order to reduce bacterial contamination, 26% of surgeons soaked the implants in a povidone-iodine solution and 23% used an insertion sleeve. The most frequent early complication was hematoma, while capsular contracture was a late complication. CONCLUSION: This study provides new data on current surgical practices of breast augmentation in France, allowing more informed choices and opening up perspectives for more standardized practices in the future.

Measurements of the Electroweak Diboson Production Cross Sections in Proton-Proton Collisions at sqrt[s]=5.02 TeV Using Leptonic Decays.

The first measurements of diboson production cross sections in proton-proton interactions at a center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV are reported. They are based on data collected with the CMS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 302 pb^{-1}. Events with two, three, or four charged light leptons (electrons or muons) in the final state are analyzed. The WW, WZ, and ZZ total cross sections are measured as σ_{WW}=37.0_{-5.2}^{+5.5}(stat)_{-2.6}^{+2.7}(syst) pb, σ_{WZ}=6.4_{-2.1}^{+2.5}(stat)_{-0.3}^{+0.5}(syst) pb, and σ_{ZZ}=5.3_{-2.1}^{+2.5}(stat)_{-0.4}^{+0.5}(syst) pb. All measurements are in good agreement with theoretical calculations at combined next-to-next-to-leading order quantum chromodynamics and next-to-leading order electroweak accuracy.

Search for Long-Lived Particles Decaying in the CMS End Cap Muon Detectors in Proton-Proton Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV.

A search for long-lived particles (LLPs) produced in decays of standard model (SM) Higgs bosons is presented. The data sample consists of 137 fb^{-1} of proton-proton collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV, recorded at the LHC in 2016-2018. A novel technique is employed to reconstruct decays of LLPs in the end cap muon detectors. The search is sensitive to a broad range of LLP decay modes and to masses as low as a few GeV. No excess of events above the SM background is observed. The most stringent limits to date on the branching fraction of the Higgs boson to LLPs subsequently decaying to quarks and τ^{+}τ^{-} are found for proper decay lengths greater than 6, 20, and 40 m, for LLP masses of 7, 15, and 40 GeV, respectively.

Observation of a New Excited Beauty Strange Baryon Decaying to Ξ_{b}

The Ξ_{b}^{-}π^{+}π^{-} invariant mass spectrum is investigated with an event sample of proton-proton collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV, collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC in 2016-2018 and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 140 fb^{-1}. The ground state Ξ_{b}^{-} is reconstructed via its decays to J/ψΞ^{-} and J/ψΛK^{-}. A narrow resonance, labeled Ξ_{b}(6100)^{-}, is observed at a Ξ_{b}^{-}π^{+}π^{-} invariant mass of 6100.3±0.2(stat)±0.1(syst)±0.6(Ξ_{b}^{-}) MeV, where the last uncertainty reflects the precision of the Ξ_{b}^{-} baryon mass. The upper limit on the Ξ_{b}(6100)^{-} natural width is determined to be 1.9 MeV at 95% confidence level. The low Ξ_{b}(6100)^{-} signal yield observed in data does not allow a measurement of the quantum numbers of the new state. However, following analogies with the established excited Ξ_{c} baryon states, the new Ξ_{b}(6100)^{-} resonance and its decay sequence are consistent with the orbitally excited Ξ_{b}^{-} baryon, with spin and parity quantum numbers J^{P}=3/2^{-}.

Measurement of the Wγ Production Cross Section in Proton-Proton Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV and Constraints on Effective Field Theory Coefficients.

A fiducial cross section for Wγ production in proton-proton collisions is measured at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV in 137 fb^{-1} of data collected using the CMS detector at the LHC. The W→eν and µν decay modes are used in a maximum-likelihood fit to the lepton-photon invariant mass distribution to extract the combined cross section. The measured cross section is compared with theoretical expectations at next-to-leading order in quantum chromodynamics. In addition, 95% confidence level intervals are reported for anomalous triple-gauge couplings within the framework of effective field theory.

Coverage losses of substance in the shoulder.

Losses of substance of the shoulder are less common than elsewhere in the upper limb. They arise essentially from tumors (sarcomas), infectious diseases (hidradenitis) or traumatic events, (burns). The objectives of reconstruction depend on whether the losses of substance are located on the curve of the shoulder or in the axillary area. There exist numerous regional solutions, including perforator, propeller, pedicled and free flaps. The donor region may be the thorax (latissimus dorsi, serratus anterior), the back (trapezium, scapular or subscapular flaps, occipito-cervico-thoracic flap), the anterior surface of the thorax (pectoralis major or minor, supraclavicular, perforators of the acromiothoracic artery, delto-pectoral flap) or arm (brachial lateral or medial). Multitissular reconstructions are also possible in regional and pedicled form, as well as microanastomosed flaps in exceptional conditions.

Pregnancy and newborn outcomes after exposure to bisphosphonates: a case-control study.

We analyzed women and newborn outcome after maternal exposure to BPs. BPs have no teratogenic effect on the 36 analyzed pregnancies compared to unexposed controls matched on women underlying diseases (either systemic disease, either "bone" disease) but some outcome differed: neonatal complications rate in systemic diseases and live birth rate in bone diseases). INTRODUCTION: The effect of bisphosphonates (BPs) during pregnancy remains unclear. We aimed to study pregnancy outcomes in women exposed to BPs during pregnancy. METHODS: Data for cases and controls were from the French Reference Centre of Teratogenic Agents. Cases were women who received BPs in the 6 weeks before or during a pregnancy and had systemic or bone diseases. We included two respectively matched control groups: women with systemic diseases not exposed to BPs and healthy women not exposed to BPs or any teratogenic agent. Four controls were assigned to each case. RESULTS: Thirty-six women were exposed to BPs including 5 just before pregnancy and 30 during the first trimester; 23 had systemic diseases (systemic lupus erythematosus, n = 5; rheumatoid arthritis, n = 5; other, n = 13) and 13 had bone diseases. Rate of observed congenital malformations did not differ in women with a systemic or a bone disease compared to their respective controls (respectively 2/23 [8.7%] vs 2/92 [2.2%], p = 0.178 and 0/13 [0%] vs 0/52 [0%], p = 1.00). Among women with systemic diseases, non-specific neonatal complications were more frequent for cases (4/16 [25.0%] vs 4/64 [6.3%], p = 0.027). Among women with bone disorders, the live birth rate was lower for cases than healthy controls (8/10 [80%] vs 50/50 [100%], p = 0.025). CONCLUSION: We found no major teratogenic effects of BPs, but rates of neonatal complications were increased for women with systemic diseases, as were spontaneous abortions for women with bone diseases likely linked to the severity of the underlying diseases and concomitant medications.

Anatomy of the cutaneous lymphatic system of the trunk: a clinico-anatomical study of 90 cutaneous melanomas.

PURPOSE: The cutaneous lymphatic system of the trunk is a complex network, the anatomical knowledge of which remains unclear. The lymphatic system plays a major role in the dissemination of lymphophilic cancers like melanomas. The aim of this study was to improve our knowledge, optimize the care of patients with cutaneous tumors of the trunk, and to use our clinical experience of the topography of pathologic lymph nodes related to cutaneous melanomas and depicted by lymphoscintigraphy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective study included 90 consecutive patients who had primary resection of cutaneous melanoma of the trunk between June 2011 and January 2015. All patients had lymphatic mapping by lymphoscintigraphy, followed by sentinel lymph node procedure. We compared data of lymphatic imaging (lymphoscintigraphy and SPECT-CT) and surgery. We divided the trunk into 36 regions based on cutaneous anatomical landmarks to determine the topography of the lymphatic system for each tumor. RESULTS: Our study showed cutaneous lymphatic drainage of melanomas of the trunk in 16 different areas. This drainage could be single or multiple. We observed that drainage could be controlateral in medial regions of the trunk, and lymphatic pathway could be retrograde. This drainage could be bilateral for medial regions and mainly into axillary areas for regions above L1 level. Posterior regions of the trunk had more diversity of drainage areas than anterior regions. CONCLUSIONS: Cutaneous lymphatic drainage of the trunk was not limited to axillary and inguinal areas, showed interindividual variability, and was single or multiple, unilateral or bilateral, and unpredictable.

A preoperative cotininury test for abdominoplasty reduces peri-operative complications.

BACKGROUND: Smoking induces complications in plastic surgery, in particular wound healing delays. Despite a 4-weeks' abstinence asking before and after surgery, some patients denied or hid their consumption. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a cotininury detection test in terms of improvement in outcomes after an abdominoplasty. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included patients who underwent an abdominoplasty with umbilical transposition and lipoaspiration. Current smokers were asked to stop smoking 4 weeks before and after surgery. After 2013, we performed a preoperative cotininury test for patients having abdominoplasty, with a cancellation of surgery in case of positive result. We analyzed the test's effectiveness on delayed healing and on other complications. RESULTS: Two hundred and thirty-five patients were included; 80 were tested and 21,3% had a positive test. There was significantly less delayed healing in the "screening" group than in the "no screening": 20,3% versus 41,5% (P=0,002). Alike, complications were significantly less frequent in the "screening" group than in the "no screening": 18,1% versus 42,3% (P<0,001). CONCLUSION: The routine use of the cotininury test in preoperative abdominoplasties significantly reduces risk of delayed healing and other serious complications. It is an objective test, which is simple, quick and non-invasive. Smoking cessation must be at least 4 weeks before and after the surgery. Following medical advice to cease smoking by the surgeon and anesthetist, referral to an appropriate tobacco-addiction specialist clinic may be helpful for the patient who has difficulty stopping smoking.

[Annular lipoatrophy of the ankles treated by fat grafting: Case report and review of the literature]. / Lipoatrophie annulaire des chevilles traitée par autogreffe de tissu graisseux : à propos d'un cas et revue de la littérature.

INTRODUCTION: Annular lipoatrophy of the ankles is a rare disease. Eleven cases are described in the literature. CASE REPORT: We report the case of a 10-year-old girl having an annular lipoatrophy of the ankles. The clinical history begins with the appearance of inflammatory infiltrated nodules at the two legs, which have evolved in a few months to a circumferential lipoatrophy of the ankles. Laboratory studies showed a very high antistreptolysin O titer, concluding streptococcal origin of this hypodermitis. After two years of stable lesions, the patient received two sessions of fat injection. RESULT/DISCUSSION: A satisfactory outcome of the adipocyte graft was observed with reconstitution of shapely legs, stable over time. Eleven cases described in the literature are found. It is a pediatric pathology seen predominantly in female children. The evolution towards lipoatrophy is systematic with or without treatment initiated at the inflammatory phase. We first discuss the management of aesthetic sequelae of this disease. CONCLUSION: Fat grafting appears to be a good indication for the treatment of the cosmetic sequelae seen in annular lipoatrophy of the ankles.

[Abdominoplasty complications: particularities of the post-bariatric patients within a 238 patients series]. / Complications des abdominoplasties: particularités des patients post-bariatriques au sein d'une série de 238 patients.

BACKGROUND: Obesity is one of the health issues that is recently worldwide increasing, as well as in France. Variety of procedures of bariatric surgery have been developed over the past decade and are performed for morbid obesity hence. The demand of plastic surgery increased for body contouring and reshaping after dramatic weight loss, in which the abdominoplasty is considered as one of the most common procedures. The purpose of this study is to clarify the differences between the post-bariatric patients and others, and their influence on the occurrence of complications following abdominoplasty. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective study involving a group of post-abdominoplasty patients collected from the same center between January 2000 and December 2010. RESULTS: Among 238 reviewed patients' files; 114 of them are post-bariatric patients, and 124 are non-bariatric patients. Several differences were found between these two groups of patients including the maximum BMI, BMI at the time of surgery, the rates of cardiovascular risk factors, and a longer operative time in the post-bariatric group. The complication rate in these patients was significantly higher (55.3% against 26.6%) with mainly healing problems. Major maximum weight, obesity at the time of surgery, long operative time and postoperative drainage system are all considered as risk factors, which carry high rate of complications. CONCLUSION: It appears that abdominoplasty in post-bariatric patients requires specific care because of particularities inherent in this population.

[Staphylococcus lugdunensis necrotizing fasciitis after abdominal dermolipectomy: report of two cases and review of the literature]. / Fasciites nécrosantes à Staphylococcus lugdunensis après dermolipectomie abdominale : à propos de deux cas et revue de la littérature.

Necrotizing dermohypodermitis is a severe and potential fatal infection of soft tissues. We report two cases of 39- and 41-year-old patients operated of abdominal dermolipectomy and liposculpture after bariatric surgery. Because of a body mass index (BMI) less than 35kg/m(2), and trouble of interpretation of the SFAR recommendations, we have not achieved antibiotics. These patients presented an abdominal necrotizing dermohypodermitis at Staphylococcus lugdunensis, requiring wide excision of necrosis in emergency. The suites have been favorable after surgical and medical care. Perineal proximity, skin and subcutaneous peeling appear to be significant risk factors for this pathology. We suggest if case of abdominal dermolipectomy preventive measures in skin preparation and systematic antibiotics regardless of BMI. Indeed, the risk of a necrotizing dermohypodermitis recalls the importance of rigorous prevention and early diagnosis.