RESUMO
The efficiencies for estrogen conjugate hydrolysis were compared between enzyme hydrolysis, acid solvolysis and a new method, ammonolysis. Samples included: 1) crystalline 1,3,5(10)-estratriene-3, 17 beta-diol disulfate (estradiol 3,17-disulfate), 2) squirrel monkey urine collected following an intravenous injection of [2,4,6,7-H] 1,3,5(10)-estratriene-3,17 beta-diol (estradiol) and 3) a pool of human pregnancy urine. Ammonolysis demonstrated a significant increase over the other techniques in "free" estrogen yields, specifically, from estradiol 3,17-disulfate.
Assuntos
Estradiol/análogos & derivados , Estrogênios Conjugados (USP)/análise , Amônia , Animais , Arilsulfatases , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Estradiol/análise , Estradiol/urina , Estrogênios Conjugados (USP)/urina , Feminino , Glucuronidase , Humanos , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Hidrólise , Gravidez , Saimiri/urina , SódioRESUMO
Thialbarbital sodium was found to be a reliable and economical general anesthetic for domesticated turkeys. Despite shortness of action of the initial dose, surgical anesthesia was maintained longer than 2 hours by intermittent infusion via a brachial vein cannula. The drug was reconstituted just before use (66 mg/ml) with sterile 1% saline solution. Rapid smooth induction was produced with an initial dosage of 30 mg/kg for hens and 26.5 mg/kg for toms, when administered within a 30- to 60-second interval. Supplemental infusion of the drug in increments of 0.25 to 1.5 ml was used to sustain the desired level of deep narcosis. The occurrence of respiratory failure was considerably less for thialbarbital than with pentobarbital sodium. Recovery was rapid and smooth.
Assuntos
Anestesia Intravenosa/veterinária , Barbitúricos , Perus , Animais , Apneia/induzido quimicamente , Apneia/veterinária , Barbitúricos/administração & dosagem , Barbitúricos/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Masculino , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/induzido quimicamente , Insuficiência Respiratória/induzido quimicamente , Insuficiência Respiratória/veterinária , Convulsões/induzido quimicamente , Convulsões/veterinária , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Operatórios/veterinária , Tionas/administração & dosagem , Tionas/efeitos adversos , Fatores de TempoAssuntos
Galinhas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Olho/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Luz , Fatores Etários , Animais , Biometria , Córnea/anatomia & histologia , Exoftalmia/etiologia , Olho/anatomia & histologia , Pressão Intraocular , Tamanho do Órgão , Erros de Refração/etiologia , Análise Espectral , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Oestrone, oestradiol and an uncharacterized polar fraction of oestrogenic substances were monitored by radioimmunoassay in Day-0 domesticated chickens (Gallus domesticus) after routine 21.5-day artificial incubation. Paired adrenals and gonads, blood serum and in-ovo excrement (allantoic urates plus cloacal expressions) were collected from 9 female and 10 male chicks. All samples were homogenized, hydrolysed and extracted with ether. Component oestrogens were isolated by celite:ethylene glycol column co-chromatography before assay. All egg excretory oestrogen measurements were higher (P less than 0.001) in females than in males. Oestradiol was the major excretory oestrogen in both sexes; oestradiol:oestrone ratios (mean +/- s.e.m.) in females and males were 18.45 +/- 2.42 and 3.03 +/- 0.37, respectively. Females had higher (P less than 0.01) total oestrogens for gonadal and adrenal homogenates and for blood serum samples than did the males; oestradiol was generally the major component.