Cleidocranial dysplasia associated with dentigerous cyst-review of literature and case report of two siblings.

ABSTRACT: Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) is a developmental anomaly of the skeleton and teeth which may be inherited, be transmitted as dominant characteristics in either male or female or even appear spontaneously. A case was reported in the department of oral medicine and radiology of two sisters age 17 and 19 years old with a chief complaint of milk teeth not falling since childhood. They presented specific physical and oral findings in common which suggested the idea of an undiagnosed syndrome. The sisters showed CCD characteristics including short stature (4 feet) and frontal bone resorption indicating delayed closure of fontanels. The stature is moderately shortened with the neck appearing long and narrow and the shoulders markedly dropped. Dental abnormalities such as retention of primary dentition, multiple supernumerary teeth, and delayed eruption of permanent dentition. OPG showed the presence of multiple impacted permanent and supernumerary teeth with radiolucency involving the crowns of impacted teeth revealing a cystic lesion. Lateral cephalogram also revealed the presence of multiple impacted teeth. The provisional diagnosis of CCD with dentigerous cyst was given. The enucleation of cyst was done and submitted for histopathological examination. Histopathologically, the soft tissue section suggested the features of dentigerous cyst. The final diagnosis of CCD associated with dentigerous cyst was confirmed.

Antimicrobial effect of Juglans regia bark with commonly used antibiotics against initial colonizers of Plaque and Caries: A comparative study.

Introduction: There is a progressive increase in the patients of dental caries and periodontitis in the recent years. The main emphasis is laid on avoiding the accumulation and inducing the elimination/suppression of caries-causing microbes in the oral cavity. A variety of antimicrobial agents are incorporated into oral hygiene products but these products come up with their own disadvantages. Natural products prove to be biocompatible with medicinal properties. Aims and Objectives: The objective of the study is to access the antimicrobial activities of Juglans regia bark against dental caries and plaque. Also, antibacterial activity of Juglans bark is compared with oral rinses and systemic antibiotics. Material and Methods: The study sample consisted of 50 subjects and was divided into two groups. Group 1 consisted of 25 samples without caries and Group 2 also included 25 samples with caries. Both samples were in the age group 18-22 years. Plant samples of Juglans regia bark from Kashmir and Himachal were collected. Extracts containing both varieties were prepared and antibacterial activities of both groups were determined. Comparison of Juglans regia bark with antibiotics and mouthwashes was also done. Results and Conclusion: J. regia bark of both the varieties showed zone of inhibitions. Ethanol variety showed larger zone of inhibition than distilled water variety of both plaque and caries groups. Chlorhexidine showed satisfactory antimicrobial activity while Betadine showed none. Amoxicilline was effective but Metronidazole showed no activity against both groups. Bark of J. regia proved to be very beneficial against both plaque and caries bacteria without any side effects as both mouthwashes and antibiotics are harmful and cannot be used daily.

Determination of gender from dental pulp by identification of Barr bodies: A comparative study.

Introduction: The determination of gender by dental pulp Barr bodies seems to be efficient tool especially in case of natural calamities where bodies are mutilated, charred, and unidentified. Different techniques are used for Barr bodies two of which are histopathological and cytological methods. Aims and Objectives: The objective of the study is to check the reliability of human dental pulp for identification of gender using Barr bodies. Material and Methods: The study sample consisted of 60 extracted teeth from 20 male and 40 female patients aged 12-25 years. Inclusion criteria included non-carious freshly extracted teeth, Teeth were extracted and the pulp was obtained using a carborundum disc at 30,000 revolutions per minute (RPM). The teeth were categorized into two groups. Group 1 and Group II include 20 females and 10 males each. In group I, rapid manual tissue processing technique was done and in Group II pulp tissue slides were prepared by cytopathological technique. The slides obtained were stained with H&E and Barr bodies were visualized. Statistical Analysis: On comparison of Barr bodies on males and females in dental pulp, the mean number of Barr body count in females was more than males. Accuracy and count were much more appreciated in histopathological technique than cytological procedure. Conclusion: The mean Barr body count was more in females than in male samples. In histopathological technique Barr bodies were more analyzed and appreciated than in cytopathological technique on checking the efficacy and evaluating its diagnostic significance of dental pulp for identification of gender.

Benign fibrous histiocytoma of the lower lip.

The fibrous histiocytoma is a soft-tissue neoplasm of the biphasic cell population of fibroblasts and histiocytes that affects the dermis and the subcutaneous tissue. The objective of this article is to report a case of benign fibrous histiocytoma (BFH) of the lower lip in a 32-year-old female patient with a chief complaint of swelling in the lower lip for the past 1 month. With diagnostic clinical hypothesis of fibrous hyperplasia, fibrous histiocytoma and mucocele, an excisional biopsy was performed. The histopathological examination revealed a nonencapsulated proliferation of spindle cells with some giant multinucleated cells in the periphery of the lesion. Multinucleated giant cells and lymphocytes were noted throughout the lesion. Immunohistochemical reactions were performed, staining only CD68 in the multinucleated giant cells. According to these characteristics, the final diagnosis was BFH.