Rare Location for Pilonidal Sinus: the Nasal Dorsum.

Pilonidal sinuses are recurrent chronic inflammatory lesions which may occur due to penetration of hair particles into skin. Herein, the authors report a pilonidal sinus case that is unusually seen on nasal dorsum and totally excised with the open technique rhinoplasty method. A 20-year-old male patient was admitted to the authors' outpatient clinic with complaints of dysmorphism and discharge from nasal dorsum. Physical examination revealed a swelling in nasal dorsum and hair-containing fistula. Excision was performed with an open rhinoplasty approach. Histo-pathology examination revealed pilonidal sinus. While pilonidal sinus is usually located in sacro-coccygeal region, it may also be seen in atypical localizations like nasal dorsum. Although the prediagnosis of a hair-containing lesion usually includes dermoid cyst, pilonidal sinus should also be considered and histo-pathological examination should certainly be performed. It is a problematic condition when it is symptomatic; however, management and treatment of the disease is easy when correct diagnosis is made.

Comparison of Early-period Results of Nasal Splint and Merocel Nasal Packs in Septoplasty.

OBJECTIVE: Several types of nasal packs are used postoperatively in septoplasty. In this study, we compared two commonly used nasal packing materials, the intranasal septal splint with airway and Merocel tampon, in terms of pain, bleeding, nasal obstruction, eating difficulties, discomfort in sleep, and pain and bleeding during removal of packing in the early period. METHODS: The study group included 60 patients undergoing septoplasty. Patients were divided into two groups (n=30 in each group). An intranasal splint with airway was used for the patients in the first group after septoplasty, while Merocel nasal packing was used for the second group. Patients were investigated in terms of seven different factors - pain, bleeding while the tampon was in place, nasal obstruction, eating difficulties, night sleep, pain during removal of the nasal packing, and bleeding after removal of packing. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of pain 24 hours after operation (p=0.05), while visual analog scale (VAS) scores for nasal obstruction, night sleep, eating difficulties, and pain during packing removal were lower in the nasal splint group with a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of postoperative bleeding (p=0.23). Significantly less bleeding occurred during removal of the packing in the nasal splint group (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Our study indicates that the nasal splint was more comfortable and effective in terms of causing lesser bleeding and pain during removal of packing.

Measuring Oxidative DNA Damage With 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine Levels in Patients With Laryngeal Cancer.

OBJECTIVES: 8-Hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine is a biomolecule associated with DNA damage. We evaluated oxidative stress and DNA damage in patients with laryngeal cancer by measuring 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine levels. METHODS: This study enrolled 117 subjects, including 64 controls and 53 patients who had benign vocal cord lesions or laryngeal cancer. The benign excised lesions, tumor tissue, noncancerous laryngeal tissue, blood, and urine were subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography, and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine levels were compared between groups. RESULTS: Blood and urine 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine levels in patients with laryngeal carcinoma were significantly higher than in the controls ( P = .00002, P = .00001). The 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine level was significantly higher in tumor tissues than in non-tumor tissue and benign vocal cord lesion tissues ( P = .00002, P = .000001). CONCLUSIONS: We determined that laryngeal cancer was associated with oxidative stress, which may be quantified by measuring 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine. For a patient with a suspicious laryngeal lesion, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine levels in blood and urine can provide advance information about the likely diagnosis.

Lymphoepithelial Cyst in the Palatine Tonsil.

Lymphoepithelial cyst (LEC) is the most commonly encountered congenital neck pathology in the lateral part of the neck. A 66-year-old woman presented to the ENT clinic due to difficulty in swallowing persisting for approximately 1 year. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a cystic mass at right tonsil. Surgery was performed due to this unilateral tonsillar mass, which was excised together with the right tonsil. LEC was diagnosed at histopathological examination. LEC in the palatine tonsil is rare, and only a few cases have been reported in the literature. We report a rare case of LEC in the palatine tonsil.

Estimation of the efficacy of chemo-radiotherapy on tumor regression in the patients with laryngeal cancer via computerized tomography using the Cavalieri method.

CONCLUSION: Calculating tumor volume using the Cavalieri method in laryngeal tumors before and after treatment may be useful to optimize the treatment and to minimize the side-effects of radiotherapy. PURPOSE: This study aimed to estimate the pre-treatment and post-treatment tumor volumes of the patients to whom radiotherapy or radio-chemotherapy was applied as a treatment using Cavalieri's Principle as a stereological method and to assess tumor regression rates in the patients with Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (LSCC) statistically. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Sixteen patients (eight patients with stage T3 and eight patients with stage T4) diagnosed with LCCC bearing the appropriate characteristics to criteria in the otorhinolaryngology clinic were included. Patients had computerized tomography (CT) scans in the axial plane before treatment and 2 months after the treatment. Pre-treatment and post-treatment tumor volumes on CT images were calculated using Cavalieri's principle as a stereological method and then compared. FINDINGS: Average tumor volumes in patients with stage T3 before and after treatment were 10.12 ± 3.58 cm(3) and 1.33 ± 1.74 cm(3), respectively (p = 0.008). These volumes were 11.92 ± 4.61 cm(3) and 2.17 ± 2.34 cm(3) (p = 0.008) for patients with stage T4, respectively. Post-treatment tumor volumes were statistically reduced compared to pre-treatment volumes in all stages.

The Reason of Dissatisfaction of Patient after Septoplasty.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the causes of persistent nasal obstruction of patients after septoplasty. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After exclusion of allergic rhinitis, non-allergic rhinitis and nasal polyposis, this study included 90 patients with nasal breathing problem who underwent septoplasty at least 4 months ago. After taking full history and completing otorhinological and endoscopic examination, all patients graded their extent of obstruction using the Nasal Obstruction Symptoms Evaluation scale. RESULTS: Our results showed only 45% of patients' persist septal deviation; besides other obstructive pathologies, 55% were detected after detailed otolaryngologic evaluation. CONCLUSION: Therefore, septal surgeons need to observe all obstructive causes of the nose carefully before planning the procedure.

Combined occurrence of Alström syndrome and bronchiectasis.

Alström syndrome (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man ALMS #203800) is a rare hereditary disorder caused by mutations in the gene ALMS1. This rare disorder's characteristics are cone-rod dystrophy resulting in blindness in childhood, insulin-resistant type 2 diabetes mellitus, truncal obesity, progressive sensorineural hearing loss, dilated cardiomyopathy, craniofacial features, hypothyroidism, elevation in liver transaminases, renal insufficiency, gonadal dysfunction, and menstrual irregularities. A 13.5-year-old girl was admitted to the hospital for complaints of excessive water consumption and urination over the previous 2 years. The patient's parents were third-degree relatives. At physical examination, hyperpigmentation was present over the areola and acanthosis nigricans under the arms and on the neck. Audiologic examination revealed bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, and bilateral cataract was determined at ocular examination. The patient was monitored by the chest diseases department due to bronchiectasis. HbA1c was 13.1%. In mutation screening study, 2 novel mutations c.5586T>G; p.Tyr1862* and c.2905insT; p.L968fs*4 were detected in the ALMS1 gene. Saccharin test was positive. We emphasize that Alström syndrome may be complicated by bronchiectasis.