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1.
Surgeon ; 20(3): 187-193, 2022 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34034967

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Penile cancer is a rare malignancy, with a reported incidence of 1.5/100,000 males in the Republic of Ireland in 2015. The aim of this study was to perform the first national review and to evaluate clinicopathological factors affecting survival. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: All cases of penile cancer in Ireland between 1995 and 2010 were identified through the National Cancer Registry Ireland (NCRI) and analysed to identify factors affecting survival. RESULTS: 360 cases of penile cancer were identified, with a mean age at diagnosis of 65.5 years and 88% (n = 315) of cases occurred in those over 50. 91% (n = 328) of cases were squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). The majority of patients were treated surgically (n = 289), with 57% (n = 206) and 24% (n = 87) undergoing partial penectomy and total penectomy respectively. Only 18% (n = 65) received radiotherapy, and 8% (n = 27) received chemotherapy. Mean overall survival (OS) was 113 months, and five year disease specific survival (DSS) was 70% (95%CI: 59.1-77.8%). Age at diagnosis, nodal status and presence of metastatic disease were independent prognostic markers on multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: This study represents the first national review of penile cancer in Ireland. The annual incidence and survival rates are comparable to European figures, though superior DSS has previously been reported from our institution, highlighting the role for centralisation of care in Ireland. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2b.


Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Neoplasias Penianas , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/epidemiologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/terapia , Humanos , Irlanda/epidemiologia , Masculino , Neoplasias Penianas/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Penianas/terapia , Pênis/patologia , Taxa de Sobrevida
2.
Surgeon ; 20(4): e100-e104, 2022 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34130889

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Undescended testis (UDT) is a clinical diagnosis and a common reason for referral to paediatric urology outpatients. Our aim was to assess current referral patterns at our unit and to identify predictive factors that may better aid primary care physicians (PCP) in diagnosing UDT based on history and physical exam. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of referrals to outpatients from 2014 to 2016 was performed to assess current referral patterns including referral source, age, reason for referral and outcome following assessment by a single consultant paediatric urologist.A prospective analysis of new referrals was performed to identify predictive factors which may aid in the diagnosis of UDT including gestational age, presence of scrotal asymmetry and previously obtained imaging. RESULTS: From 2014 to 2016, 259 boys were referred with suspected UDT. The majority of referrals were received from PCPs (62%) followed by Neonatology (29%), Paediatrics (8%) and general surgery (1%). Median age at time of assessment was 29 (5-180) months. One hundred and eight (41.7%) boys were diagnosed with UDT.There were 74 boys assessed prospectively. Median age at assessment was 24.5 (6-171) months. We identified 3 predictors of a diagnosis of UDT; history of prematurity (p = 0.001), UDT mentioned to the parents at birth (p = 0.027) and scrotal asymmetry on examination (p < 0.001). Greatest diagnostic inaccuracy was found in boys referred beyond one year of age (27.7%). In this cohort, the absence of all three risk factors was associated with a negative predictive value of 94.1%. CONCLUSION: The majority of boys with suspected UDT are referred beyond the age recommended for orchidopexy (6-12 months). The majority of boys referred for assessment did not have UDT. We have identified three predictive factors that may aid referring physicians when assessing boys, particularly those older than 1 year.


Assuntos
Criptorquidismo , Criança , Criptorquidismo/complicações , Criptorquidismo/diagnóstico , Criptorquidismo/cirurgia , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Orquidopexia , Encaminhamento e Consulta , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco
3.
Intern Med J ; 46(6): 728-33, 2016 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27257149

RESUMO

The incidence of research misconduct appears to be increasing, drawing attention in the general media and academic literature. Concerns have been expressed about probable under-reporting, harms arising, lack of an agreed international definition, welfare of whistleblowers and the adequacy of the investigation processes and any subsequent sanctions. A fully satisfactory approach to prevention, detection, investigation and adjudication has yet to emerge. While the definition of research misconduct contained in the Australian Code for the Responsible Conduct of Research is comprehensive, universities and other research institutions at times struggle in their task of investigating and adjudicating allegations of research misconduct. A more centralised, independent process of oversight and monitoring of this role played by the universities and institutions would help support those institutions and help maintain community confidence in the research endeavour.


Assuntos
Pesquisa Biomédica/normas , Punição , Má Conduta Científica/ética , Denúncia de Irregularidades , Austrália , Humanos , Má Conduta Científica/tendências
4.
Surgeon ; 14(2): 82-6, 2016 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25444439

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: There is an average of 25 cases of penile cancer in the Republic of Ireland each year. Due to the low volume of cases, the National Institute for Clinical Excellence recommends that treatment is centralised to allow the best standardised treatment for primary tumours and nodal disease. OBJECTIVES: To determine whether outcomes for patients with penile cancer differed significantly between secondary and tertiary referral centres in the Republic of Ireland. METHODS: Between 2001 and 2014, 36 patients were treated in the Mercy University Hospital (MUH) with penile cancer. Twenty patients were treated primarily in MUH and 16 patients underwent initial management in a secondary referral centre (SRC) with subsequent referral to the MUH. A retrospective matched case-control study was performed on this patient cohort. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in length of follow-up or risk factors for the development of penile cancer between both groups (p = 0.6 and p = 0.5 respectively) Ultimately, the incidence of high risk disease, nodal metasases, high grade disease and pelvic lymph node dissection were significantly greater in patients that were initially managed in a SRC (p = 0.02, p = 0.03, p = 0.004 and p = 0.028 respectively). Patients undergoing initial treatment in a SRC had a non-significantly reduced rate of cancer specific survival (88 Vs 66%, MUH Vs SRCs, p = 0.495) and recurrence free survival (85 Vs 46%, MUH Vs SRCs, p = 0.24). CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that managing penile cancer in special interest centres may improve oncological outcome.


Assuntos
Gerenciamento Clínico , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Neoplasias Penianas/terapia , Idoso , Seguimentos , Humanos , Incidência , Irlanda/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Penianas/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos
5.
Surgeon ; 13(4): 200-6, 2015 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24559898

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To audit the management and outcome of penile cancer in a tertiary university teaching hospital, comparing our results to international best practice and published guidelines. METHODS: The Hospital Inpatient Enquiry database of the Mercy University Hospital was interrogated for penile cancer patients treated between 2001 and 2012. Data relating to presentation, local treatment, histology, lymph-node management, outcome and survival was recorded. Data were analysed using the Log Rank test, with significance defined as P ≤ 0.05. RESULTS: Twenty-five patients were identified with a median age of 61 years. The majority of cases at presentation were ≥ T2 (54%) and intermediate to high grade (76%). The median follow-up of patients was 3.75 years (range 9 months-10 years). Overall survival was 76% (n = 19), these patients are all disease free to date. Disease-specific survival was 85% at 10 years. Penile cancer related mortality was 8% (n = 2), 4 patients (16%) died of non-penile cancer related causes. Twenty-two patients (88%) had surgery and 3 patients (12%) had radiotherapy. Based on EAU guidelines inguinal lymph node dissection (ILND) was performed in 64% (n = 16) of cases with 44% (n = 7) of these patients requiring concurrent bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection. Fifty percent (n = 8) of ILNDs showed metastatic disease. Ten year disease-specific survival for node negative versus node positive disease is 100% versus 57%. Thirty-two percent (n = 8) of patients received chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: Penile cancer is a rare oncological condition that often requires bilateral inguinal ± pelvic lymph node dissection and should be managed according to published guidelines, in specialist centres in order to maximize outcomes.


Assuntos
Fidelidade a Diretrizes , Excisão de Linfonodo , Neoplasias Penianas/patologia , Neoplasias Penianas/cirurgia , Adulto , Idoso , Bases de Dados Factuais , Virilha , Hospitais Universitários/normas , Humanos , Linfonodos/patologia , Linfonodos/cirurgia , Metástase Linfática , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Pelve , Estudos Retrospectivos , Centros de Atenção Terciária/normas
7.
Mol Psychiatry ; 14(1): 95-105, 2009 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17912249

RESUMO

Observations of elevated basal cortisol levels in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients prompted the hypothesis that stress and glucocorticoids (GC) may contribute to the development and/or maintenance of AD. Consistent with that hypothesis, we show that stress and GC provoke misprocessing of amyloid precursor peptide in the rat hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, resulting in increased levels of the peptide C-terminal fragment 99 (C99), whose further proteolytic cleavage results in the generation of amyloid-beta (Abeta). We also show that exogenous Abeta can reproduce the effects of stress and GC on C99 production and that a history of stress strikingly potentiates the C99-inducing effects of Abeta and GC. Previous work has indicated a role for Abeta in disruption of synaptic function and cognitive behaviors, and AD patients reportedly show signs of heightened anxiety. Here, behavioral analysis revealed that like stress and GC, Abeta administration causes spatial memory deficits that are exacerbated by stress and GC; additionally, Abeta, stress and GC induced a state of hyperanxiety. Given that the intrinsic properties of C99 and Abeta include neuroendangerment and behavioral impairment, our findings suggest a causal role for stress and GC in the etiopathogenesis of AD, and demonstrate that stressful life events and GC therapy can have a cumulative impact on the course of AD development and progression.


Assuntos
Precursor de Proteína beta-Amiloide/metabolismo , Comportamento Animal/fisiologia , Estresse Psicológico/metabolismo , Estresse Psicológico/fisiopatologia , Precursor de Proteína beta-Amiloide/genética , Análise de Variância , Animais , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Emoções/fisiologia , Glucocorticoides/sangue , Hipocampo/metabolismo , Masculino , Memória/fisiologia , Córtex Pré-Frontal/metabolismo , Córtex Pré-Frontal/fisiopatologia , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Percepção Espacial/fisiologia , Estresse Psicológico/patologia
8.
Intern Med J ; 40(10): 682-8, 2010 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20646098

RESUMO

Consultant physicians encounter patients, and families and carers of patients, who leave us feeling helpless, frustrated, irritated and even angry. There are limited opportunities for trainees and physicians to discuss how to recognize, manage, learn from and prevent these difficult physician-patient encounters. This paper addresses factors, including physician factors, that may contribute to making encounters difficult, categorizes the types of difficult encounters and provides generic and specific suggestions (based in part on published literature and in part on our personal experience) about prevention and management of many of them.


Assuntos
Cooperação do Paciente , Relações Médico-Paciente/ética , Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Comunicação , Humanos , Cooperação do Paciente/psicologia , Comportamento Social
9.
Neuroendocrinology ; 89(1): 86-97, 2009.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18714145

RESUMO

We have shown that cortisol infusion reduced the luteinizing hormone (LH) response to fixed hourly GnRH injections in ovariectomized ewes treated with estradiol during the non-breeding season (pituitary-clamp model). In contrast, cortisol did not affect the response to 2 hourly invariant GnRH injections in hypothalamo-pituitary disconnected ovariectomized ewes during the breeding season. To understand the differing results in these animal models and to determine if cortisol can act directly at the pituitary to suppress responsiveness to GnRH, we investigated the importance of the frequency of GnRH stimulus, the presence of estradiol and stage of the circannual breeding season. In experiment 1, during the non-breeding season, ovariectomized ewes were treated with estradiol, and pulsatile LH secretion was restored with i.v. GnRH injections either hourly or 2 hourly in the presence or absence of exogenous cortisol. Experiments 2 and 3 were conducted in hypothalamo-pituitary disconnected ovariectomized ewes in which GnRH was injected i.v. every 2 h. Experiment 2 was conducted during the non-breeding season and saline or cortisol was infused for 30 h in a cross-over design. Experiment 3 was conducted during the non-breeding and breeding seasons and saline or cortisol was infused for 30 h in the absence and presence of estradiol using a cross-over design. Samples were taken from all animals to measure plasma LH. LH pulse amplitude was reduced by cortisol in the pituitary clamp model with no difference between the hourly and 2-hourly GnRH pulse mode. In the absence of estradiol, there was no effect of cortisol on LH pulse amplitude in GnRH-replaced ovariectomized hypothalamo-pituitary disconnected ewes in either season. The LH pulse amplitude was reduced in both seasons in experiment 3 when cortisol was infused during estradiol treatment. We conclude that the ability of cortisol to reduce LH secretion does not depend upon the frequency of GnRH stimulus and that estradiol enables cortisol to act directly on the pituitary of ovariectomized hypothalamo-pituitary disconnected ewes to suppress the responsiveness to GnRH; this effect occurs in the breeding and non-breeding seasons.


Assuntos
Estradiol/farmacologia , Hormônio Liberador de Gonadotropina/farmacologia , Hidrocortisona/farmacologia , Sistema Hipotálamo-Hipofisário/fisiologia , Hipófise/fisiologia , Animais , Estudos Cross-Over , Feminino , Hidrocortisona/sangue , Hormônio Luteinizante/sangue , Hormônio Luteinizante/metabolismo , Ovariectomia , Periodicidade , Hipófise/efeitos dos fármacos , Estações do Ano , Comportamento Sexual Animal , Ovinos
10.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry ; 78(5): 465-9, 2007 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17098846

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The issue of when to start treatment in Parkinson's disease (PD) remains controversial. Some favour treatment at diagnosis while others opt for a "wait and watch" policy. The effect of the latter policy on the self reported health status of people with PD is unknown. AIMS: To record self reported health status through longitudinal use of a validated PD specific questionnaire (PDQ-39) in untreated PD patients in multiple centres in the UK. To compare patients who were left untreated with those who were offered treatment during follow-up. METHODS: A multicentre, prospective, "real life" observational audit based study addressing patient reported outcomes in relation to self reported health status and other sociodemographic details. RESULTS: 198 untreated PD were assessed over a mean period of 18 months. During two follow-up assessments, the self reported health status scores in all eight domains of the PDQ-39 and the overall PDQ-39 summary index worsened significantly (p<0.01) in patients left untreated. In a comparative group in whom treatment was initiated at or soon after diagnosis, there was a trend towards improvement in self reported health status scores after treatment was started. CONCLUSIONS: This study addresses for the first time self reported health status, an indicator of health related quality of life, in untreated PD. The findings may strengthen the call for re-evaluation of the policy to delay treatment in newly diagnosed patients with PD.


Assuntos
Nível de Saúde , Doença de Parkinson/complicações , Doença de Parkinson/tratamento farmacológico , Qualidade de Vida , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Antiparkinsonianos/uso terapêutico , Progressão da Doença , Feminino , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doença de Parkinson/diagnóstico , Planejamento de Assistência ao Paciente , Prognóstico
12.
Biochim Biophys Acta ; 1379(1): 23-8, 1998 Jan 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9468328

RESUMO

Previous studies have demonstrated corticosteroid regulation of sialyltransferase (sialyl-T) enzyme activities in a number of different tissues throughout the body. In this study we examined the regulatory effect of corticosteroids on serum enzyme activity in the rat. The total serum sialyl-T activity was not affected by a decrease in corticosteroid levels following adrenalectomy. However, while there was a significant increase in enzyme activity following dexamethasone treatment, aldosterone had no effect on this parameter. Subsequent examination of individual sialyl-T enzymes demonstrated a slight decrease in alpha2,6 sialyl-T activity following adrenalectomy which was restored to basal levels following dexamethasone treatment. The activity of the alpha2,3 sialyl-T enzyme was not affected by adrenalectomy or dexamethasone treatment, but was stimulated significantly by aldosterone. In general, the levels of serum sialoglycoproteins mirrored well the activities of the appropriate sialyl-T enzymes. These results demonstrate that serum sialyltransferase activity in the rat is under the influence of circulating corticosteroids.


Assuntos
Corticosteroides/farmacologia , Sialiltransferases/sangue , Adrenalectomia , Aldosterona/farmacologia , Animais , Dexametasona/farmacologia , Lectinas/metabolismo , Ratos , Sialiltransferases/metabolismo , Solubilidade
13.
Pharmacol Ther ; 86(2): 111-45, 2000 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10799711

RESUMO

The amyloid beta precursor protein (AbetaPP), which plays a pivotal role in Alzheimer's disease (AD), can exist as either a membrane-bound or soluble protein. The former is cleaved at the level of the plasma membrane to generate the soluble form of the protein (AbetaPP(s)). An alternative pathway exists, however, for the cleavage of AbetaPP to generate a 40-42 amino acid peptide termed amyloid beta (Abeta), either within the lysosomal or the endoplasmic reticulum/Golgi compartments of the cell. In AD, there is an increase in the ratio of the 42 amino acid form of the Abeta peptide (Abeta(42)) to Abeta(40). The Abeta(42) form is the more amyloidogenic form and has an increased potential to form the insoluble amyloid deposits characteristic of AD pathology. Studies on the familial form of the disease, with mutations in AbetaPP or in the presenilin proteins, have confirmed an increase in Abeta(42) generation associated with the early stages of the disease. This review will examine the factors that influence AbetaPP processing, how they may act to modulate the biological effects of AbetaPP(s) and Abeta, and if they provide a viable target for therapeutic intervention to modify the rate of progression of the disease.


Assuntos
Doença de Alzheimer/tratamento farmacológico , Precursor de Proteína beta-Amiloide/biossíntese , Doença de Alzheimer/metabolismo , Peptídeos beta-Amiloides/fisiologia , Precursor de Proteína beta-Amiloide/efeitos dos fármacos , Precursor de Proteína beta-Amiloide/fisiologia , Animais , Humanos , Processamento de Proteína Pós-Traducional
15.
Thromb Res ; 135(2): 368-74, 2015 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25496997

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is the association of thrombosis and recurrent pregnancy loss and/or pregnancy morbidity with persistent antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). Previous studies of microparticles in patients with APS/aPL have mainly been small and findings, contradictory. OBJECTIVES: To quantify endothelial and platelet microparticle levels in patients with isolated antiphospholipid antibodies or primary antiphospholipid syndrome (PAPS). PATIENTS/METHODS: We measured endothelial and platelet microparticle levels by flow cytometry in 66 aPL/PAPS patients and 18 healthy controls. RESULTS: Levels of circulating platelet (CD41 and CD61) and endothelial microparticles (CD51 and CD105) were significantly increased in patients with PAPS and aPL compared to healthy controls. There were correlations between platelet and endothelial microparticles levels in all patients with aPL. CONCLUSIONS: Platelet and endothelial microparticles are increased in all patient groups within this cohort of patients aPL. Whether they may have a role in the pathogenesis of APS merits further study.


Assuntos
Aborto Habitual/etiologia , Anticorpos Antifosfolipídeos/imunologia , Síndrome Antifosfolipídica/imunologia , Plaquetas/metabolismo , Células Endoteliais/metabolismo , Adulto , Síndrome Antifosfolipídica/patologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Micropartículas Derivadas de Células , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gravidez , Adulto Jovem
16.
Biol Psychiatry ; 41(11): 1131-6, 1997 Jun 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9146824

RESUMO

A dysfunction in the regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, possibly attributed to a change in glucocorticoid receptor (GR) functionality, has been implicated in depression. We have measured both lymphocyte GR receptor binding parameters and plasma sialyltransferase activity, as a biochemical marker of GR function, in two groups of patients suffering from depression or schizophrenia and in a group of age- and sex-matched controls. While there was a significant increase in plasma cortisol levels in the depressed group, there were no changes in the lymphocyte GR binding parameters (K(m) and Bmax). There was, however, a significant decrease in the plasma sialyltransferase: cortisol ratio in the depressed group suggesting an inability of the raised cortisol levels to induce enzyme expression and this ratio may provide a useful biochemical marker of cortisol receptor function. Although there was an increase in the plasma activity of the alpha 2,6 sialyltransferase isozyme in the schizophrenic group, no other changes were determined. Therefore, while the total plasma sialyltransferase:cortisol ratio reflects HPA axis function, alterations in specific isozyme activity may also be associated with other CNS disease states.


Assuntos
Depressão/enzimologia , Sistema Hipotálamo-Hipofisário , Sistema Hipófise-Suprarrenal , Plasma , Esquizofrenia/enzimologia , Sialiltransferases/sangue , Sítios de Ligação , Glicosilação , Humanos , Hidrocortisona/sangue , Linfócitos , Receptores de Glucocorticoides/sangue
17.
Neurobiol Aging ; 15(1): 99-102, 1994.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8159268

RESUMO

A reliable antemortem serum marker for Alzheimer's disease (AD) would be of great importance for the early detection and subsequent therapeutic management of the disease. We have noted a significant decrease in serum levels of the soluble form of the sialyltransferase enzyme in a group of AD patients when compared with both age-matched elderly (over 60 years) and young (under 60 years) controls. In a population of Down's syndrome patients, who develop AD pathology with increasing age, there was an age-related decrease in serum sialyltransferase activity in patients from 20 to 60 years to approach enzyme levels similar to those observed in the AD group. This significant decrease in serum sialyltransferase levels observed may both prove a useful peripheral early biochemical marker of neurodegeneration and provide an indication of the underlying cellular events that occur during the process of nerve cell death in AD.


Assuntos
Doença de Alzheimer/enzimologia , Sialiltransferases/sangue , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Envelhecimento/metabolismo , Doença de Alzheimer/sangue , Biomarcadores , Síndrome de Down/sangue , Síndrome de Down/enzimologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
18.
Mol Neurobiol ; 16(2): 163-220, 1998 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9588627

RESUMO

Glycoproteins play key roles in the development, structuring, and subsequent functioning of the nervous system. However, the complex glycosylation process is a critical component in the biosynthesis of CNS glycoproteins that may be susceptible to the actions of toxicological agents or may be altered by genetic defects. This review will provide an outline of the complexity of this glycosylation process and of some of the key neural glycoproteins that play particular roles in neural development and in synaptic plasticity in the mature CNS. Finally, the potential of glycoproteins as targets for CNS disorders will be discussed.


Assuntos
Glicoproteínas/fisiologia , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/metabolismo , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/fisiopatologia , Sistema Nervoso/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Sistema Nervoso/metabolismo , Animais , Sequência de Carboidratos , Diferenciação Celular/fisiologia , Humanos , Dados de Sequência Molecular
19.
Clin Pharmacol Ther ; 36(1): 82-4, 1984 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6734054

RESUMO

The disposition of intravenous glycofurol, a solvent for some drugs, was followed in nine male patients with hepatic cirrhosis. In comparison with age-matched controls, glycofurol clearance in the patients with cirrhosis was reduced 43% and terminal t 1/2 was prolonged 103%. There was no significant difference between the cirrhotic and control groups in volume of distribution.


Assuntos
Cirrose Hepática/metabolismo , Polietilenoglicóis/metabolismo , Meia-Vida , Humanos , Injeções Intravenosas , Cinética , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Polietilenoglicóis/sangue
20.
Clin Pharmacol Ther ; 34(2): 231-3, 1983 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6307580

RESUMO

Cimetidine has been shown to inhibit hepatic mixed-function oxidase activity and to lower hepatic blood flow. It is not known whether these effects are related to its H2-receptor antagonism or to its intrinsic structure. Ranitidine is a more potent H2-receptor antagonist and differs structurally from cimetidine. In our study, ranitidine, 150 mg twice daily, had no effect on oral or systemic clearance of chlormethiazole, a sedative with a high clearance, and no effect on indocyanine green elimination.


Assuntos
Clormetiazol/sangue , Furanos/farmacologia , Verde de Indocianina/sangue , Adulto , Interações Medicamentosas , Feminino , Humanos , Fígado/irrigação sanguínea , Masculino , Ranitidina
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