RESUMO
Cetacean morbillivirus is an etiologic agent associated with strandings of live and dead cetacean species occurring sporadically or as epizootics worldwide. We report 2 cases of cetacean morbillivirus in humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in Brazil and describe the anatomopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular characterization findings in the specimens.
Assuntos
Jubarte , Infecções por Morbillivirus , Morbillivirus , Filogenia , Animais , Morbillivirus/isolamento & purificação , Morbillivirus/genética , Morbillivirus/classificação , Brasil , Infecções por Morbillivirus/veterináriaRESUMO
Flaviviruses as West Nile virus (WNV), Saint Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV), Ilhéus virus (ILHV), and Rocio virus (ROCV) are previously reported in different Brazilian regions, but studies in Southern Brazil are still scarce. To improve the information regarding flaviviruses in Southern Brazil, horse serum samples were analyzed using RT-qPCR and a commercial ELISA-Ab against WNV followed by PRNT75. All 1000 samples analyzed by real-time RT-PCR resulted negative. The 465 subsampled samples were analyzed by a commercial ELISA-Ab against WNV, and the 18.5% (86/465) positive samples were further analyzed by PRNT75. In the PRNT75, 13/86 and 2/86 horses were positive for SLEV and WNV, respectively. It was observed that 5.8% (13/226) of the farms presented at least one positive animal for SLEV in PRNT75, whereas 0.9% (2/226) for WNV. Apart from the lower seroprevalences identified when compared to data previously reported in other Brazilian regions, our results suggest that public health professionals must be aware of the presence of these potential zoonotic pathogens.
Assuntos
Vírus da Encefalite de St. Louis/isolamento & purificação , Encefalite por Arbovirus/veterinária , Infecções por Flavivirus/veterinária , Doenças dos Cavalos/virologia , Vírus do Nilo Ocidental/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Brasil/epidemiologia , Vírus da Encefalite de St. Louis/genética , Vírus da Encefalite de St. Louis/imunologia , Encefalite por Arbovirus/sangue , Encefalite por Arbovirus/epidemiologia , Encefalite por Arbovirus/virologia , Infecções por Flavivirus/sangue , Infecções por Flavivirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Flavivirus/virologia , Geografia , Doenças dos Cavalos/sangue , Doenças dos Cavalos/epidemiologia , Cavalos , RNA Viral/genética , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Vírus do Nilo Ocidental/genética , Vírus do Nilo Ocidental/imunologiaRESUMO
Although the use of vaccines has controlled enteric diseases in dogs in many developed countries, vaccine coverage is still under optimal situation in Brazil. There is a large population of nonimmunized dogs and few studies about the identification of the viruses associated with diarrhea. To address this situation, stool samples from 325 dogs were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction for the detection of common enteric viruses such as Canine adenovirus (CAdV), Canine coronavirus (CCoV), Canine distemper virus (CDV), Canine rotavirus (CRV) and Carnivorous protoparvovirus 1 (canine parvovirus 2; CPV-2). At least one of these species was detected in 56.6% (184/325) of the samples. The viruses detected most frequently in either diarrheic or nondiarrheic dog feces were CPV-2 (54.3% of the positive samples), CDV (45.1%) and CCoV (30.4%), followed by CRV (8.2%) and CAdV (4.9%). Only one agent was detected in the majority of the positive samples (63%), but co-infections were present in 37% of the positive samples and mainly included CDV and CPV-2. The data presented herein can improve the clinical knowledge in regions with low vaccine coverage and highlight the need to improve the methods used to control these infectious diseases in domestic dogs.
Assuntos
Doenças do Cão/virologia , Infecções por Enterovirus/veterinária , Enterovirus/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Brasil , Doenças do Cão/imunologia , Doenças do Cão/prevenção & controle , Cães , Enterovirus/classificação , Enterovirus/genética , Infecções por Enterovirus/imunologia , Infecções por Enterovirus/prevenção & controle , Infecções por Enterovirus/virologia , Fezes/virologia , Filogenia , Vacinas Virais/administração & dosagem , Vacinas Virais/genética , Vacinas Virais/imunologiaRESUMO
ABSTRACT Although the use of vaccines has controlled enteric diseases in dogs in many developed countries, vaccine coverage is still under optimal situation in Brazil. There is a large population of nonimmunized dogs and few studies about the identification of the viruses associated with diarrhea. To address this situation, stool samples from 325 dogs were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction for the detection of common enteric viruses such as Canine adenovirus (CAdV), Canine coronavirus (CCoV), Canine distemper virus (CDV), Canine rotavirus (CRV) and Carnivorous protoparvovirus 1 (canine parvovirus 2; CPV-2). At least one of these species was detected in 56.6% (184/325) of the samples. The viruses detected most frequently in either diarrheic or nondiarrheic dog feces were CPV-2 (54.3% of the positive samples), CDV (45.1%) and CCoV (30.4%), followed by CRV (8.2%) and CAdV (4.9%). Only one agent was detected in the majority of the positive samples (63%), but co-infections were present in 37% of the positive samples and mainly included CDV and CPV-2. The data presented herein can improve the clinical knowledge in regions with low vaccine coverage and highlight the need to improve the methods used to control these infectious diseases in domestic dogs.