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Objective: To explore the improvement rate of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection who received entecavir alone or in combination with anluohuaxianwan for 78 weeks. Methods: Patients with chronic HBV infection were randomly treated with entecavir alone or in combination with anluohuaxian for 78 weeks. Ishak fibrosis score was used for blind interpretation of liver biopsy specimens. The improvement in liver fibrosis condition before and after the treatment was compared. Student's t test and non-parametric test (Mann-Whitney U-Test and Kruskal-Wallis test) were used to analyze the measurement data. The categorical variables were analyzed by Chi-square test method and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used to test bivariate associations. Results: Liver fibrosis improvement rate after 78 weeks of treatment was 36.53% (80/219) and the progression rate was 23.29% (51/219). The improvement of liver fibrosis was associated to the degree of baseline fibrosis and treatment methods (P < 0.05). The improvement rate of hepatic fibrosis in patients treated with anluohuaxianwan combined with entecavir at baseline F < 3 (54.74%, 52/95) was significantly higher than that in patients treated only with entecavir (33.33%, 16/48), P = 0.016 and the progression rate of hepatic fibrosis (13.68%, 13/95) was lower than that in patients treated alone (18.75%, 9/48), P = 0.466. In patients with baseline F < 3, the proportion of patients with improved and stable liver fibrosis in the combined treatment group (68.1%, 32/47) was higher than that in the treatment group alone (51.7%, 15/29). Conclusion: Combined anluohuaxianwan and entecavir treatment can significantly improve the improvement rate of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Furthermore, it has the tendency to improve the stability rate and reduce the rate of progression of liver fibrosis.
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Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/uso terapêutico , Guanina/análogos & derivados , Hepatite B Crônica/tratamento farmacológico , Cirrose Hepática/tratamento farmacológico , Quimioterapia Combinada , Guanina/uso terapêutico , Vírus da Hepatite B , Humanos , Cirrose Hepática/virologia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Objective: To observe the clinical effect of vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) in the treatment of complex fracture and dislocation of foot with severe soft tissue injury. Methods: From March 2012 to January 2015, a retrospective analysis of 108 cases of the foot closed complex fracture dislocation with severe soft tissue injury in Department of Foot and Ankle, the Second Hospital of Tangshan City, Tangshan.Injury mechanisms included press and crush injury, traffic accident.According to the operation the cases were divided into the VSD group (56 cases) and the control group (52 cases). The injury foot swelling after treated by open reduction and internal fixation or fusion joint fracture and dislocation. VSD technique was used to cover the wound and wound in group VSD. The wound was sutured, the sterile dressing was covered and the dressing was changed regularly in the control group. Results: Preoperative hospitalization time: 16 days in group VSD, 28 days in the control group; the total hospitalization time: 33 days in group VSD, 53 days in the control group; wound healing: 29 cases in VSD group, 12 cases in the control group; prolonged healing after dressing: 16 cases in VSD group, 13 cases in the control group; after skin grafting healing: 9 cases in VSD group, 17 cases in the control group; healed after flap transposition: 2 cases in VSD group and 10 cases in thecontrol group.The difference of the data of the two groups was statistically significant, P<0.05.Maryland foot score: 55-98 (average: 88.8, median: 91.5) points in VSD group, 38-97 (average: 84.85, median: 91) points in control group, compared with median by rank sum test, Z value: -2.755, the difference was statistically significant, P< 0.05.The late recovery effect rating: 39 casesexcellent, good 12 cases, can be 5 cases, no poor in VSD group, excellent 29 cases, good 8 cases, can be 11 cases, poor 4 cases in the the control group, the difference was statistically significant, P<0.05. Conclusion: VSD can shorten the preoperative waiting time and total hospitalization time, improve the wound healing rate directly, reduce the skin grafting and flap transfer replacement rate, reduce the secondary injury, increased fracture risk reduction and internal fixation, reduce joint fusion rate in the treatment of foot closed complex fracture and dislocation with severe soft tissue injury.
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Tratamento de Ferimentos com Pressão Negativa , Lesões dos Tecidos Moles , Drenagem , Humanos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , VácuoRESUMO
Objective: To observe the clinical effect of vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) technique and simple dressing change in the treatment of delayed severe infection after calcaneal fracture surgery. Methods: From August 2008 to July 2015 , 73 patients with delayed severe infection were treated after calcaneal fractures 3 months in Department of Foot and Ankle, the Second Hospital of Tangshan City, according to the treatment methods are divided into vacuum sealing drainage group of 38 cases, 35 cases of simple dressing group.Two groups of patients after regular wound debridement debridement and sterilization after vacuum sealing drainage group received double wound VSD dressing group received postoperative dressing, two groups of patients with sensitive antibiotics for treatment.Two groups of patients according to the frequency of dressing change, wound healing time, bacterial clearance time and healing time were compared in stage â ¡ during the perioperative period. Results: Vacuum sealing drainage group: dressing: 7 times, the wound healing time was 27 days, bacterial culture negative for 8 days, the healing time of 13.5 days of perioperative period; treatment group: 34 times the number of dressing, wound healing time was 44 days, bacterial culture negative for 18 days, the healing time of 17 days of surgery period. Two groups of data were compared with the median, after the rank sum test, the difference was statistically significant (Z values were -6.670, -5.529, -5.011, -3.227, P<0.05). The vacuum sealing drainage group compared with conventional dressing group significantly reduced the number of dressing, wound healing time, healing time was significantly shortened bacterial clearance time and perioperative period â ¡. Conclusion: Double VSD is easy , safe and quick, short cure time, less pain, higher quality of late life advantages, compared with the traditional dressing treatment of calcaneal fractures of postoperative delayed severe infection, is a safe and effective method.
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Calcâneo/lesões , Fixação Interna de Fraturas , Tratamento de Ferimentos com Pressão Negativa , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica , Desbridamento , Drenagem , Fraturas Ósseas , Humanos , VácuoRESUMO
The retracted article is: Cao L-H, Zhao P-L, Liu Z-M, Sun S-C, et al. (2015). Efficacy and safety of nucleoside analogues in preventing vertical transmission of the hepatitis B virus from father to infant. Genet. Mol. Res. 14: 15539-15546. The article published in Genetics and Molecular Research 14 (4): 15539-15546 (2015) is a very good paper, but it appears that the authors' group submitted this manuscript to multiple journals, which is ethical misconduct. This manuscript (similar language and identical data) was published in the Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine Journal prior to being submitted to GMR. There are parts copied from "Efficacy and safety of nucleoside analogs on blocking father-to-infant vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus", by Li-Hau Cao, Pei-Li Zhao, Zhi-Min Liu, Shao-Chun Sun, et al. Exp. Ther. Med. 9 (6): 2251-2256 (2015) - DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2379. The GMR editorial staff was alerted and after a thorough investigation, there is strong reason to believe that the peer review process was failure. Also, after review and contacting the authors, the editors of Genetics and Molecular Research decided to retract this article in accordance with the recommendations of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). The authors and their institutions were advised of this serious breach of ethics.
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The aim of this study was to examine the efficacy of combined immunization of hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) and hepatitis B vaccine (HBVac) in blocking father-infant transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV). Newborns positive at birth for blood HBV sur-face antigen (HBsAg) and/or HBV DNA were selected and immunized with HBIG combination HBVac. At 7 months, HBV markers and HBV DNA of each neonate were measured using electrochemiluminescence with the Cobas-e-411 Automatic Electrochemiluminescence Immuno-assay Analyzer and fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Among all 7-month-old subjects, the negative conversion rates of HBV DNA and HBsAg were 48/61 (78.7%) and 19/41 (46.3%), respectively. Therefore, this study demonstrated that prompt combination injection of HBIG and HBVac can protect some of the HBV DNA- and/ or HBsAg-positive newborns from HBV.
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Pai , Vacinas contra Hepatite B/administração & dosagem , Vírus da Hepatite B/imunologia , Hepatite B/prevenção & controle , Imunoglobulinas/administração & dosagem , Feminino , Hepatite B/transmissão , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , MasculinoRESUMO
We examined the efficacy and safety of nucleoside analogues in preventing the vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) from father to infant. We included 201 patients who visited the liver clinic of our hospital. The patients were positive for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg), HBeAg, anti-HBc, and HBV DNA; 189 patients (94%) had abnormal liver function. In all couples, the fathers were HBV DNA-negative and had normal liver function, and the mothers were anti-HB-positive before pregnancy. The control group comprised 188 couples who visited our hospital during the same time period. The fathers in the control group were positive for HBsAg, HBeAg, anti-HBc, and HBV DNA. The mothers were HBsAg-negative and anti-HBs-positive. No infants in the case group were HBsAg-positive and HBV DNA-positive, and all were anti-HBs-positive, indicating that father to infant HBV vertical transmission was prevented in the case group. In the control group, 147 of 188 newborns (78.2%) were anti-HBs-positive at birth, 28 (14.9%) were HBV DNA-positive, and 19 (10.1%) were HBsAg-positive. A significant difference was observed between the two groups. No statistically significant difference was observed in the gestational age, birth weight, birth length, 1-min and 8-min Apgar score, jaundice, other internal and surgical diseases, delivery mode, and other birth information between the neonates born to couples in the case and control groups; there were no fetal malformations and stillbirths in the two groups. Our results showed that administration of antiretroviral therapy to HBV DNA-positive fathers before pregnancy can cause a decrease in the viral load and prevent father to infant HBV vertical transmission. The use of antiviral nucleoside analogues before pregnancy was safe in fathers, and the fathers who wanted children could continue to use anti-viral therapy. The sample size in our study was small, and further studies with a large sample size and longer follow-up time are required for determining the use of nucleoside analogues from the point view of prenatal and postnatal care.
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Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Pai , Vírus da Hepatite B , Hepatite B/tratamento farmacológico , Hepatite B/transmissão , Transmissão Vertical de Doenças Infecciosas/prevenção & controle , Adulto , Antivirais/efeitos adversos , Biomarcadores , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Hepatite B/diagnóstico , Hepatite B/virologia , Vírus da Hepatite B/genética , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Gravidez , Complicações na Gravidez , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) syndrome is characterized by hemangioblastomas of the brain, spinal cord, and retina, renal cysts, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, and pheochromocytoma. VHL is caused by mutations in the VHL tumor suppressor gene. We attempted to detect mutation in the VHL gene in a 5-generation Chinese family with VHL. We identified a novel small duplication that altered the reading frame downstream and created a premature TGA stop signal, resulting in severely truncated pVHL30 (p.Gly114Serfs*50) and pVHL19 (p.Gly61Serfs*50). This change was predicted to be an elongin-binding domain deletion.
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Povo Asiático/genética , Códon sem Sentido , Proteína Supressora de Tumor Von Hippel-Lindau/genética , Doença de von Hippel-Lindau/genética , Doença de von Hippel-Lindau/patologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Criança , Pré-Escolar , China , Feminino , Mutação da Fase de Leitura , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Linhagem , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Higher intensity of strong-coupling stimulated Brillouin scattering (SC-SBS) amplification is achieved by supplementary Raman amplification. In this scheme, a Raman pump laser first amplifies the seed pulse in the homogeneous plasma, and then a SC-SBS pump laser continues the amplification in the inhomogeneous plasma in order to suppress the spontaneous instability of pump lasers. The intensity of the seed laser gets higher and the duration of the seed laser gets shorter than that in the pure SC-SBS scheme with the same incident energy, while the energy conversion efficiency is not significantly reduced. We also found that the SC-SBS amplification is seeded by the leading pulse of Raman amplification. The results obtained from envelope coupling equations, Vlasov simulations, and two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations agree with each other. This scheme offers a possible way to improve the SC-SBS amplification in experiments.
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A kinetic theory is developed to describe the longitudinal decay of two-ion decay (TID): The pump ion-acoustic wave (IAW) decays into two daughter IAWs with a longer wavelength. The instability growth rate and threshold are given by the theory. Both the simulations of full kinetic Vlasov and hybrid Vlasov (kinetic ions and Boltzmann electrons) are employed to verify the theory and have a high quantitative agreement with the theory for 8≤ZT_{e}/T_{i}≤15, where Z is the ion charge number and T_{i}(T_{e}) is the ion (electron) temperature. The kinetic model developed here solves a long-standing problem that the simple fluid theory underestimates growth rate by a factor of 2â¼3. Also, a reasonable explanation is given to the typical characteristics of TID that the dependence curves of subharmonic growth rate γ and wave number k.
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We present a staged hot-electron acceleration mechanism of the two-plasmon decay (TPD) instability in the transverse magnetic field under the parameters relevant to inertial confinement fusion experiments. After being accelerated by the forward electron plasma wave (FEPW) of TPD, the hot-electrons can be anomalously accelerated again by the backward electron plasma wave (BEPW) of TPD and then obtain higher energy. Moreover, the surfatron acceleration mechanism of TPD in the magnetic field is also confirmed, the electrons trapped by the TPD daughter EPWs are accelerated in the direction along the wave front. Interestingly, the velocity of electrons accelerated by surfing from the FEPW is quite easily close to the BEPW phase velocity, which markedly enhances the efficiency of the staged acceleration. The coexistence of these two acceleration mechanisms leads to a significant increase of energetic electrons generated by TPD in the magnetic field. Meanwhile the EPWs are dissipated, TPD instability is effectively suppressed, and the laser transmission increases.
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We prospectively evaluated the CEL-100 videolaryngoscope(TM) for insertion of double-lumen tracheal tubes in 48 consecutive patients who had been found to have an unanticipated Cormack and Lehane grade 3 (n=43) and grade 4 (n=5) laryngeal view and in whom two attempts at tracheal intubation using the Macintosh laryngoscope had failed. When the CEL-100 was subsequently employed, the glottic view improved in 45 (94%) patients. The view improved by one grade in 15 (31%) patients and by two grades in 30 (63%) patients, compared with the Macintosh blade (p<0.001). Double-lumen tracheal tube insertion was successful when using the CEL-100 in 43 out of 48 patients (90%; 95% CI 81-98%). This occurred on the first attempt in 27 (56%) patients, 14 (29%) on the second and two (4%) on the third. We conclude that the CEL-100 videolaryngoscope is an effective device in this context, and we therefore propose that this device can be used in circumstances when double-lumen tube insertion proves difficult.
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Intubação Intratraqueal/métodos , Laringoscópios , Feminino , Humanos , Intubação Intratraqueal/instrumentação , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Tamanho da Amostra , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Torácicos , Falha de TratamentoRESUMO
Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia (SED) is an autosomal dominant skeletal dysplasia characterized by short stature, abnormal epiphyses and flattened vertebral bodies. SED is mainly caused by mutations in the gene encoding the type II procollagen α-1 chain (COL2A1). We looked for mutations in COL2A1 in three unrelated Chinese families with SED. Putative mutations were confirmed by RFLP analysis. We identified three missense mutations (p.G504S, p.G801S and p.G1176V) located in the triple-helical domain; p.G801S and p.G1176V are novel mutations. The p.G504S mutation has been associated with diverse phenotypes in previous studies. Our study extends the mutation spectrum of SED and confirms a relationship between mutations in the COL2A1 gene and clinical findings of SED.
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Colágeno Tipo II/genética , Mutação de Sentido Incorreto , Osteocondrodisplasias/genética , Povo Asiático , Sequência de Bases , Criança , Análise Mutacional de DNA , Feminino , Estudos de Associação Genética , Humanos , Masculino , Osteocondrodisplasias/diagnóstico por imagem , Linhagem , Polimorfismo de Fragmento de Restrição , RadiografiaRESUMO
Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD) is a rare X-linked recessive disorder characterized by nystagmus, impaired motor development, ataxia, and progressive spasticity. Genetically defective or altered levels of proteolipid protein (PLP1) or gap-junction alpha protein 12 gene have been found to be a common cause. Here we report on two large Han Chinese families affected with this disease. The probands of both families had produced sons featuring cerebral palsy that had never been correctly diagnosed. PMD was suspected after careful analysis of family history and clinical features. Three rounds of molecular testing, including RT-PCR, genetics linkage and SRY sequence analyses, in combination with fetal ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging, confirmed the diagnosis. In Family 1, in addition to two patients, three carriers were identified, including one who was not yet married. Genetic testing indicated that a fetus did not have the disease. A healthy girl was born later. In Family 2, two patients and two carriers were identified, while a fetus was genetically normal. A healthy girl was born later. We concluded that by combining genetic testing and imaging, awareness of the symptoms of PMD and understanding of its molecular biology, there is great benefit for families that are at risk for producing offspring affected with this severe disease.
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Povo Asiático/genética , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Doença de Pelizaeus-Merzbacher/diagnóstico , Doença de Pelizaeus-Merzbacher/genética , Criança , China , Família , Feminino , Ligação Genética , Haplótipos/genética , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Linhagem , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Proteína da Região Y Determinante do Sexo/genéticaRESUMO
In one-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations of a plasma irradiated by linearly polarized lasers from both sides of boundaries, it is found that there is an appreciable growth of the electromagnetic field in cavitons in the transverse direction perpendicular to the direction of polarization, which indicates the polarization conversion of the electromagnetic field in cavitons. This paper demonstrates the mechanism of this phenomenon based on parametric resonance induced by ponderomotive force with twice the frequency of the electromagnetic radiation in the caviton. We develop a theoretical model and verify it with simulation results. This phenomenon contributes to the heating and acceleration of particles and traps more EM energy in cavitons.
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The study of parametric instabilities has played a crucial role in understanding energy transfer to plasma and, with that, the development of key applications such as inertial confinement fusion. When the densities are between 0.11n_{c}â²n_{e}â²0.14n_{c} and the electron temperature is in inertial confinement fusion-relevant temperatures, anomalous hot electrons with kinetic energies above 100keV are generated. Here a new electron acceleration mechanism-the anti-Stokes Langmuir decay instability cascade of forward stimulated Raman scattering-is investigated. This mechanism potentially explains anomalous energetic electron generation in indirectly driven inertial confinement fusion experiments, it also provides a new way of accelerating electrons to higher energy for applications such as novel x-ray sources.
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Pseudoachondroplasia is an autosomal dominant osteochondrodysplasia characterized by disproportionate short stature, joint laxity, and early onset osteoarthrosis. Pseudoachondroplasia is caused by mutations in the gene encoding cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP). We looked for mutations in the COMP gene in three sporadic Chinese pseudoachondroplasia patients and identified two novel mutations, c.1189G>T (p.D397Y) and c.1220G>A (p.C407Y), and one recurrent mutation, c.1318G>C (p.G440R), in the calcium binding type III repeats of COMP. This study confirms the relationship between mutations of the COMP gene and clinical findings of pseudoachondroplasia; it also provides evidence for the importance of the calcium binding domains to the functioning of COMP.
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Acondroplasia/metabolismo , Cálcio/metabolismo , Proteínas da Matriz Extracelular/genética , Glicoproteínas/genética , Mutação , Sequência de Bases , Proteína de Matriz Oligomérica de Cartilagem , Primers do DNA , Proteínas da Matriz Extracelular/metabolismo , Glicoproteínas/metabolismo , Humanos , Proteínas MatrilinasAssuntos
Membro 1 da Subfamília B de Cassetes de Ligação de ATP/metabolismo , Antibacterianos/farmacocinética , Citocromo P-450 CYP3A/metabolismo , Tianfenicol/análogos & derivados , Membro 1 da Subfamília B de Cassetes de Ligação de ATP/antagonistas & inibidores , Animais , Antibacterianos/sangue , Inibidores do Citocromo P-450 CYP3A , Fluvoxamina/farmacologia , Cetoconazol/farmacologia , Coelhos , Tianfenicol/sangue , Tianfenicol/farmacocinética , Verapamil/farmacologiaRESUMO
Objective: To analyze the prognostic significance of TP53, Bcl-2, Bcl-6, Myc proteins expression by immunohistochemical method (IHC) in diffuse large B cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) . Methods: Clinical and pathologic data of 223 patients with DLBCL hospitalized in Zhejiang First Hospital from March 2009 to June 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The 223 cases, a median age of 56 years old with a male predominance, had shown a 39.0% of TP53 positive expression, 38.6% of Myc, 69.1% of Bcl-2, 56.5% of Bcl-6, and 22.7% of Myc/Bcl-2 double expression. According to Hans' classification, 27.4% were GCB and 72.6% were non-GCB. With a median follow-up of 38 (2-97) months, the 3 and 5 years survival rates were 70% and 66% , respectively. By multivariate analysis, TP53 over-expression and Myc/Bcl-2 double expression were independently associated with poor outcomes. 3-year and 5-year overall survival were 59% and 57% for patients with TP53 positive, 77% and 71% for patients with TP53 negative expression. Patients with non-GCB subtype receiving chemotherapy combined with rituximab had a higher OS than those without rituximab. But rituximab did not improve the prognosis of patients with TP53 positive. Conclusion: Myc/Bcl-2 double expression and TP53 over-expression are poor prognosis for DLBCL patients. Patients with Myc/Bcl-2 double expression have shorter OS. Patients with non-GCB subtype who received chemotherapy combined with rituximab have a better OS than those without rituximab. But rituximab does not improve the prognosis of patients with TP53 positive.
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Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica , Ciclofosfamida , Doxorrubicina , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prognóstico , Proto-Oncogene Mas , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-bcl-2 , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-bcl-6 , Estudos Retrospectivos , Rituximab , VincristinaRESUMO
Objective:The aim of this study is to investigate the age-related changes rules of maxillary sinus.Method:The 540 patients (1 080 sides) with normal data of deputy sinus in spiral CT were enrolled,including 270 cases of male and female,age from 7 to 81 years old.They are divided into 9 groups according to the age:Group A at the age of 7-12 years old,Group B at the age of 13-17,Group C at the age of 18-20 years old,Group D at the age of 21-24 years old,Group E at the age of 25-28 years,Group F at the age of 29-35 years old,Group G at the age of 36-40 years old,Group H at the age of 41-65 years old,and Group I is more than 65 years old.By the gender,the patients in each group was divided into male and female groups.There are 30 cases in each group(60 sides).The volumes and the three-dimensional diameters of the maxillary sinus were measured,and the coefficient of gasification of them were calculated.Result:The maxillary sinus volume and 3 D lines have almost the same change trend along with the age between the male and female group;From 7 to 20 ages,they are increased linearly,13 to 17 fastest-growing;18 to 20 years old reached to peak;declined slightly in 21-28 years old,29-35 a second growth peak,and 36 to 40 years old have fallen sharply,to reaching a steady state after 41 years old;The gasification coefficient has no difference among all groups.Conclusion:The volume changes with the age-related on maxillary sinus is in the adolescent stage.It reaches a steady state in the middle and old age stage,and gasification coefficient on maxillary sinus has no age-related changes among all groups.