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1.
Immunity ; 56(1): 107-124.e5, 2023 01 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36580918

RESUMO

Improvements in tumor immunotherapies depend on better understanding of the anti-tumor T cell response. By studying human tumor-draining lymph nodes (TDLNs), we found that activated CD8+ T cells in TDLNs shared functional, transcriptional, and epigenetic traits with TCF1+ stem-like cells in the tumor. The phenotype and TCR overlap suggested that these TDLN cells were precursors to tumor-resident stem-like CD8+ T cells. Murine tumor models revealed that tumor-specific CD8+ T cells were activated in TDLNs but lacked an effector phenotype. These stem-like cells migrated into the tumor, where additional co-stimulation from antigen-presenting cells drove effector differentiation. This model of CD8+ T cell activation in response to cancer is different from that of canonical CD8+ T cell activation to acute viruses, and it proposes two stages of tumor-specific CD8+ T cell activation: initial activation in TDLNs and subsequent effector program acquisition within the tumor after additional co-stimulation.


Assuntos
Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos , Neoplasias , Humanos , Animais , Camundongos , Neoplasias/patologia , Linfonodos , Ativação Linfocitária , Diferenciação Celular
2.
Nature ; 610(7930): 173-181, 2022 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36171288

RESUMO

Combination therapy with PD-1 blockade and IL-2 is highly effective during chronic lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection1. Here we examine the underlying basis for this synergy. We show that PD-1 + IL-2 combination therapy, in contrast to PD-1 monotherapy, substantially changes the differentiation program of the PD-1+TCF1+ stem-like CD8+ T cells and results in the generation of transcriptionally and epigenetically distinct effector CD8+ T cells that resemble highly functional effector CD8+ T cells seen after an acute viral infection. The generation of these qualitatively superior CD8+ T cells that mediate viral control underlies the synergy between PD-1 and IL-2. Our results show that the PD-1+TCF1+ stem-like CD8+ T cells, also referred to as precursors of exhausted CD8+ T cells, are not fate-locked into the exhaustion program and their differentiation trajectory can be changed by IL-2 signals. These virus-specific effector CD8+ T cells emerging from the stem-like CD8+ T cells after combination therapy expressed increased levels of the high-affinity IL-2 trimeric (CD25-CD122-CD132) receptor. This was not seen after PD-1 blockade alone. Finally, we show that CD25 engagement with IL-2 has an important role in the observed synergy between IL-2 cytokine and PD-1 blockade. Either blocking CD25 with an antibody or using a mutated version of IL-2 that does not bind to CD25 but still binds to CD122 and CD132 almost completely abrogated the synergistic effects observed after PD-1 + IL-2 combination therapy. There is considerable interest in PD-1 + IL-2 combination therapy for patients with cancer2,3, and our fundamental studies defining the underlying mechanisms of how IL-2 synergizes with PD-1 blockade should inform these human translational studies.


Assuntos
Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos , Interleucina-2 , Receptor de Morte Celular Programada 1 , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/citologia , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/efeitos dos fármacos , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/imunologia , Diferenciação Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Quimioterapia Combinada , Humanos , Subunidade gama Comum de Receptores de Interleucina , Interleucina-2/imunologia , Interleucina-2/farmacologia , Interleucina-2/uso terapêutico , Subunidade alfa de Receptor de Interleucina-2 , Subunidade beta de Receptor de Interleucina-2 , Coriomeningite Linfocítica/tratamento farmacológico , Coriomeningite Linfocítica/imunologia , Receptor de Morte Celular Programada 1/antagonistas & inibidores , Fator 1 de Transcrição de Linfócitos T
3.
Nature ; 597(7875): 274-278, 2021 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33208941

RESUMO

Tumours often contain B cells and plasma cells but the antigen specificity of these intratumoral B cells is not well understood1-8. Here we show that human papillomavirus (HPV)-specific B cell responses are detectable in samples from patients with HPV-positive head and neck cancers, with active production of HPV-specific IgG antibodies in situ. HPV-specific antibody secreting cells (ASCs) were present in the tumour microenvironment, with minimal bystander recruitment of influenza-specific cells, suggesting a localized and antigen-specific ASC response. HPV-specific ASC responses correlated with titres of plasma IgG and were directed against the HPV proteins E2, E6 and E7, with the most dominant response against E2. Using intratumoral B cells and plasma cells, we generated several HPV-specific human monoclonal antibodies, which exhibited a high degree of somatic hypermutation, consistent with chronic antigen exposure. Single-cell RNA sequencing analyses detected activated B cells, germinal centre B cells and ASCs within the tumour microenvironment. Compared with the tumour parenchyma, B cells and ASCs were preferentially localized in the tumour stroma, with well-formed clusters of activated B cells indicating ongoing germinal centre reactions. Overall, we show that antigen-specific activated and germinal centre B cells as well as plasma cells can be found in the tumour microenvironment. Our findings provide a better understanding of humoral immune responses in human cancer and suggest that tumour-infiltrating B cells could be harnessed for the development of therapeutic agents.


Assuntos
Anticorpos Antivirais/imunologia , Linfócitos B/imunologia , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/imunologia , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/virologia , Linfócitos do Interstício Tumoral/imunologia , Papillomaviridae/imunologia , Microambiente Tumoral/imunologia , Anticorpos Monoclonais/sangue , Anticorpos Monoclonais/genética , Anticorpos Monoclonais/imunologia , Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Anticorpos Antivirais/genética , Linfócitos B/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/sangue , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/imunologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/virologia , Separação Celular , Centro Germinativo/citologia , Centro Germinativo/imunologia , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/sangue , Humanos , Imunidade Humoral , Imunoglobulina G/sangue , Imunoglobulina G/genética , Imunoglobulina G/imunologia , Linfócitos do Interstício Tumoral/metabolismo , Infecções por Papillomavirus/sangue , Infecções por Papillomavirus/imunologia , Infecções por Papillomavirus/virologia , Plasmócitos/imunologia , Plasmócitos/metabolismo , RNA-Seq , Análise de Célula Única , Hipermutação Somática de Imunoglobulina/genética , Hipermutação Somática de Imunoglobulina/imunologia , Transcriptoma
4.
Nature ; 597(7875): 279-284, 2021 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34471285

RESUMO

T cells are important in tumour immunity but a better understanding is needed of the differentiation of antigen-specific T cells in human cancer1,2. Here we studied CD8 T cells in patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive head and neck cancer and identified several epitopes derived from HPV E2, E5 and E6 proteins that allowed us to analyse virus-specific CD8 T cells using major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I tetramers. HPV-specific CD8 T cells expressed PD-1 and were detectable in the tumour at levels that ranged from 0.1% to 10% of tumour-infiltrating CD8 T lymphocytes (TILs) for a given epitope. Single-cell RNA-sequencing analyses of tetramer-sorted HPV-specific PD-1+ CD8 TILs revealed three transcriptionally distinct subsets. One subset expressed TCF7 and other genes associated with PD-1+ stem-like CD8 T cells that are critical for maintaining T cell responses in conditions of antigen persistence. The second subset expressed more effector molecules, representing a transitory cell population, and the third subset was characterized by a terminally differentiated gene signature. T cell receptor clonotypes were shared between the three subsets and pseudotime analysis suggested a hypothetical differentiation trajectory from stem-like to transitory to terminally differentiated cells. More notably, HPV-specific PD-1+TCF-1+ stem-like TILs proliferated and differentiated into more effector-like cells after in vitro stimulation with the cognate HPV peptide, whereas the more terminally differentiated cells did not proliferate. The presence of functional HPV-specific PD-1+TCF-1+CD45RO+ stem-like CD8 T cells with proliferative capacity shows that the cellular machinery to respond to PD-1 blockade exists in HPV-positive head and neck cancer, supporting the further investigation of PD-1 targeted therapies in this malignancy. Furthermore, HPV therapeutic vaccination efforts have focused on E6 and E7 proteins; our results suggest that E2 and E5 should also be considered for inclusion as vaccine antigens to elicit tumour-reactive CD8 T cell responses of maximal breadth.


Assuntos
Alphapapillomavirus/imunologia , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/citologia , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/imunologia , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/imunologia , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/virologia , Linfócitos do Interstício Tumoral/imunologia , Receptor de Morte Celular Programada 1/metabolismo , Células-Tronco/citologia , Alphapapillomavirus/isolamento & purificação , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/classificação , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/metabolismo , Vacinas Anticâncer/imunologia , Diferenciação Celular , Proliferação de Células , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/imunologia , Humanos , Linfócitos do Interstício Tumoral/classificação , Linfócitos do Interstício Tumoral/citologia , Linfócitos do Interstício Tumoral/metabolismo , Proteínas Oncogênicas Virais/imunologia , Infecções por Papillomavirus/imunologia , Infecções por Papillomavirus/virologia , Vacinas contra Papillomavirus/imunologia , RNA-Seq , Receptores de Antígenos de Linfócitos T/imunologia , Análise de Célula Única , Células-Tronco/imunologia , Fator 1 de Transcrição de Linfócitos T/metabolismo , Linfócitos T/imunologia , Transcrição Gênica
5.
Int Immunol ; 33(1): 27-37, 2021 01 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32827212

RESUMO

Tumor-infiltrating CD8 T cells are associated with improved patient survival and response to immunotherapy in various cancers. Persistent antigen leads to CD8 T-cell exhaustion, where proliferation/self-renewal and killing are divided within distinct subsets of CD8 T cells in the tumor. CD8 T-cell responses in chronic antigen settings must be maintained for long periods of time, suggesting that mechanisms that regulate chronic CD8 T-cell responses may differ from those in acute settings. Currently, factors that regulate the maintenance of stem-like CD8 T cells in the tumor or their differentiation into terminally differentiated cells are unknown. In this review, we discuss the role of dendritic cells in the activation and differentiation of CD8 T-cell subsets within secondary lymphoid tissue and tumors. In addition, we examine changes in CD4 T-cell differentiation in response to chronic antigens and consider how subset-specific mechanisms could assist the stem-like and terminally differentiated CD8 T-cell subsets. Finally, we highlight how tumor-infiltrating CD4 T cells and dendritic cells interact with CD8 T cells within organized lymphoid-like areas in the tumor and propose a CD8 T-cell differentiation model that requires the collaboration of CD4 T cells and dendritic cells. These organized interactions coordinate the anti-tumor response and control disease progression by mechanisms that regulate CD8 T-cell differentiation, which permit the maintenance of an effective balance of stem-like and terminally differentiated CD8 T cells.


Assuntos
Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/imunologia , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/imunologia , Diferenciação Celular/imunologia , Células Dendríticas/imunologia , Neoplasias/imunologia , Antígenos de Neoplasias/imunologia , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/citologia , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/citologia , Humanos , Imunoterapia , Ativação Linfocitária/imunologia , Linfócitos do Interstício Tumoral/imunologia , Subpopulações de Linfócitos T/citologia , Subpopulações de Linfócitos T/imunologia
6.
Res Sq ; 2024 Feb 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38410458

RESUMO

Virus specific PD-1+ TCF-1+ TOX+ stem-like CD8+ T cells are essential for maintaining T cell responses during chronic infection and are also critical for PD-1 directed immunotherapy. In this study we have used the mouse model of chronic LCMV infection to examine when these virus specific stem-like CD8+ T cells are generated during the course of chronic infection and what is the role of antigen in maintaining the stem-like program. We found that these stem-like CD8+ T cells are generated early (day 5) during chronic infection and that antigen is essential for maintaining their stem-like program. This early generation of stem-like CD8+ T cells suggested that the fate commitment to this cell population was agnostic to the eventual outcome of infection and the immune system prepares a priori for a potential chronic infection. Indeed, we found that an identical virus specific stem-cell like CD8+ T cell population was also generated during acute LCMV infection but these cells were lost once the virus was cleared. To determine the fate of these early PD-1+TCF-1+TOX+ stem-like CD8+ T cells that are generated during both acute and chronic LCMV infection we set up two reciprocal adoptive transfer experiments. In the first experiment we transferred day 5 stem-like CD8+ T cells from chronically infected into acutely infected mice and examined their differentiation after viral clearance. We found that these early stem-like CD8+ T cells downregulated canonical markers of the chronic stem-like CD8+ T cells and expressed markers (CD127 and CD62L) associated with central memory CD8+ T cells. In the second experiment, we transferred day 5 stem-like cells from acutely infected mice into chronically infected mice and found that these CD8+ T cells could function like resource cells after transfer into a chronic environment by generating effector CD8+ T cells in both lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues while also maintaining the number of stem-like CD8+ T cells. These findings provide insight into the generation and maintenance of virus specific stem-like CD8+ T cells that play a critical role in chronic viral infection. In particular, our study highlights the early generation of stem-like CD8+ T cells and their ability to adapt to either an acute or chronic infection. These findings are of broad significance since these novel stem-like CD8+ T cells play an important role in not only viral infections but also in cancer and autoimmunity.

7.
Clin Cancer Res ; 2023 Nov 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37992307

RESUMO

PURPOSE: Combination of chemotherapy (CT) with programmed cell death (PD)-1 blockade is a front-line treatment for lung cancer. However, it remains unknown whether and how CT affects the response of exhausted CD8 T cells to PD-1 blockade. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We used the well-established mouse model of T cell exhaustion with chronic lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection to assess the effect of CT (cisplatin+pemetrexed) on T cell response to PD-1 blockade, in the absence of the impact of CT on antigen release and presentation observed in tumor models. RESULTS: When concomitantly administered with PD-1 blockade, CT affected the differentiation path of LCMV-specific CD8 T cells from stem-like to transitory effector cells, thereby reducing their expansion and production of interferon (IFN)-γ. After combination treatment, these restrained effector responses resulted in impaired viral control, compared to PD-1 blockade alone. The sequential combination strategy, where PD-1 blockade followed CT, proved to be superior to the concomitant combination, preserving the proliferative response of exhausted CD8 T cells to PD-1 blockade. Our findings suggest that the stem-like CD8 T cells themselves are relatively unaffected by CT partly because they are quiescent and maintained by slow self-renewal at the steady state. However, upon the proliferative burst mediated by PD-1 blockade, the accelerated differentiation and self-renewal of stem-like cells may be curbed by concomitant CT, ultimately resulting in impaired overall CD8 T cell effector functions. CONCLUSIONS: In a translational context, we provide a proof-of-concept to consider optimizing the timing of chemo-immunotherapy strategies for improved CD8 T cell functions.

8.
Oncoimmunology ; 9(1): 1747731, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32313729

RESUMO

Infiltrating tumor neutrophils and myeloid-derived suppressor cells represent major populations in the tumor microenvironment that contribute to tumor progression. However, the phenotype of circulating and tumor-associated neutrophils, and the impact of cancer patients' metabolic state on neutrophil function need further characterization. Here we show that in kidney cancer patients, circulating neutrophils display an altered immature-like phenotype, and an activated/primed metabolic state. Circulating immature-like neutrophils acquire an activated phenotype upon migration into the tumor tissue, characterized by high expression of the immunosuppressive enzyme arginase-1, and active granule release. Interestingly, obesity and adipose tissue distribution were significantly associated with this activated phenotype of neutrophils, including the release of arginase-1 in the tumor tissue. These results provide a possible functional relationship between the metabolic status of the patients and disease progression, through an active immunosuppressive role of neutrophils within the kidney tumor microenvironment.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Renais , Neutrófilos , Obesidade , Estudos Transversais , Humanos , Neoplasias Renais/complicações , Neoplasias Renais/imunologia , Neutrófilos/imunologia , Obesidade/etiologia , Obesidade/imunologia , Fenótipo , Microambiente Tumoral
9.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31949470

RESUMO

There is a trend to use medicinal plants for primary medical care or as dietary supplements; however, the safety of many of these plants has not been studied. The objective of this work was to determine the toxic effect of the aqueous extract of Calea ternifolia (C. zacatechichi), known popularly as "dream herb" in vivo and in vitro in order to validate its safety. In vivo, the extract had moderate toxicity on A. salina. In vitro, the extract induced eryptosis of 73% at a concentration of 100 µg·mL-1 and it inhibited CYP3A by 99% at a concentration of 375 µg/mL. After administering 8.5 mg/kg of C. ternifolia to rats, we found a reduction in platelets and leukocytes and an increase in urea and the liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Histological analysis showed spongiform changes in the proximal tubules of renal tissue and a lymphoid infiltrate in liver tissue. This plant is used in the treatment of diabetes, and it is commercialized as a dietary supplement in several countries. Our results show renal and hepatic toxicity; therefore, more profound research on the toxicity of this plant is needed.

10.
J Diabetes Res ; 2019: 7836820, 2019.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31179342

RESUMO

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is considered the epidemic of the 21st century. Traditional medicine uses plants to treat DM; many of these have hypoglycemic effects in both animal models and diabetic patients. Our objective was to evaluate the hypoglycemic activity of Tilia americana, Borago officinalis, Chenopodium nuttalliae, and Piper sanctum on diabetic rats. The methanolic extracts of the plants under study were obtained by Soxhlet extraction. Toxicity was evaluated on Artemia salina; the antioxidant potential was evaluated using the DPPH technique. Hypoglycemic capacity at doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg was tested on Wistar rats with diabetes induced by alloxan (120 mg/kg). The toxicity on A. salina was null for the extracts of B. officinalis and P. sanctum, moderate for T. americana, and highly toxic for C. nuttalliae. The relevant extract of T. americana var. mexicana showed antioxidant activity. Three plants of the studied plants showed hypoglycemic activity: Tilia Americana (p = 0.0142), Borago officinalis (p = 0.0112), and Piper sanctum (p = 0.0078); P. sanctum was the one that showed the greatest reduction in glucose levels at a lower dose.


Assuntos
Borago/química , Chenopodium/química , Hipoglicemiantes/farmacologia , Piper/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Tilia/química , Animais , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Artemia/efeitos dos fármacos , Glicemia/efeitos dos fármacos , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/tratamento farmacológico , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Masculino , Medicina Tradicional , Compostos Fitoquímicos/farmacologia , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Água do Mar
11.
An. otorrinolaringol. mex ; 44(4): 214-26, sept.-nov. 1999. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-276940

RESUMO

Los tumores no epiteliales de las fosas nasales incluyen tumores de origen mesectodérmicos y neuroectodérmicos. Las neoplasias mesectodérmicas mas frecuentes son los vasculares y de estos los angiofibromas son los mas frecuentes y le siguen los hemangiomas, los angiosarcomas son excepcionales, Los linfomas son raros no obstante el anillo de Waldeyer. Los mixomas son frecuentes y por su vecindad con la órbita y la cavidad craneana aunque su comportamiento es benigno son muy destructivos y pueden llevar a la muerte. Dentro de los sarcomas lo rabdomiosarcomas son los mas frecuentes


Assuntos
Neoplasias Nasais/ultraestrutura , Neoplasias dos Seios Paranasais/ultraestrutura , Angiofibroma/ultraestrutura , Hemangioma/ultraestrutura , Histiocitoma Fibroso Benigno/ultraestrutura
12.
Rev. mex. oftalmol ; 61(4): 179-84, jul.-ago. 1987.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-95460

RESUMO

Clínicamente no es posible establecer el diagnóstico de las infecciones conjuntivales por Chlamidya trachomatis, por lo que se han buscado métodos de laboratorio ideales y aplicables a un gran grupo de población. Losmétodos que se describen en el texto son complejos y no estan al alcance del oftalmólogo en nuestro país. La citología exfoliativa podría ser el método de elección por ser de bajo costo, fácil en su proceso, rápido, disponible en cualquier institución que cuente con patólogo ocular, dispomible para la clínica y de acuerdo a nuestra experiencia con muy alto índice de acierto, ya que no existen falsas positivas.


Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Masculino , Feminino , Chlamydia trachomatis , Conjuntivite/diagnóstico , Biologia Celular , Oftalmologia
13.
Rev. mex. oftalmol ; 61(5): 233-7, sept.-oct. 1987.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-95508

RESUMO

Las conjuntivitis foliculares en nuestro país, son producidas por Chlamydia trachomatis, adenovirus, herpes virus, hongos, bacterias y respuesta inmune. El diagnóstico etiológico no es posible realizarlo con precisión por los datos clínicos únicamente. Los métodos tradicionales (cultivos) no son de utilidad en infecciones por Chlamydia trachomatis, herpes virus o adenovius. Los métodos diagnósticos específicos para cada uno de estos agentes, son caros, complejos y no están disponibles en nuestro país. Los autores presentan la experiencia del estudio citológico de 1,679 casos de conjuntivis folicular. Los autores recomiendan la citología exfoliativa como el método idóneo en el diagnóstico diferencial de las conjuntivitis


Assuntos
Humanos , Adenovírus Humanos , Ceratoconjuntivite/diagnóstico , Ceratoconjuntivite/etiologia , Catarata , Chlamydia trachomatis , Citodiagnóstico
14.
Rev. mex. oftalmol ; 71(1): 5-10, ene.-feb. 1997. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-227448

RESUMO

Se presenta un caso de glioneuroma de órbita izquierda asociado a anoftalmía bilateral y quiste meníngeo, en un recién nacido con múltiples anomalías congénitas y con historia familiar de retraso mental y disontogenias. El glioneuroma es una neoplasia benigna constituida por células gliales, neuronas y un neurópilo de fondo. Se demostró el componente astroglial y clasmatodendrítico por medio de técnicas histoinmunoquímicas


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Recém-Nascido , Anoftalmia , Neoplasias Neuroepiteliomatosas/classificação , Neoplasias Neuroepiteliomatosas/congênito , Neoplasias Neuroepiteliomatosas/patologia , Oftalmopatias/congênito , Oftalmopatias/patologia , Anormalidades Múltiplas , Imuno-Histoquímica
15.
Rev. mex. oftalmol ; 71(1): 24-32, ene.-feb. 1997. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-227452

RESUMO

Los tumores disontogénicos son lesiones proliferativas que se originan como un trastorno del desarrollo e incluyen una variedad de neoformaciones: Hamartomas, coristomas y el complejo grupo de los teratomas. La mayoría de estas lesiones son benignas con excepción de los teratomas. Son entidades algunas de ellas frecuentes en la clínica y otras son excepcionales. El tratamiento es quirúrgico y el pronóstico es bueno en la mayoría de los casos. Es un grupo de lesiones poco conocidas en la clínica oftalmológica. Se hace una revisión completa del tema en tres partes. Los hamartomas pueden ser simples o complejos y las características histopatológicas y la taxonómicas dependen de sus componentes tisulares. Afectan a la órbita, párpados, conjuntiva, córnea y túnicas internas


Assuntos
Humanos , Teratoma/classificação , Teratoma/etiologia , Coristoma/classificação , Coristoma/etiologia , Neoplasias Embrionárias de Células Germinativas/patologia , Neoplasias Oculares/classificação , Neoplasias Oculares/etiologia , Hamartoma/classificação , Hamartoma/etiologia , Células Germinativas/patologia , Oftalmopatias/patologia , Prognóstico
16.
Rev. mex. oftalmol ; 71(2): 75-85, mar.-abr. 1997. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-227460

RESUMO

Los coristomas se dividen en simples y complejos. Los coristomas simples más frecuentes son: Dermoides sólidos y quísticos, quistes epidérmicos, osteoma epibulbar, osteoma coroideo, glándula lagrimal aberrante y coristoma facomatoso. Los coristomas complejos varían dependiendo de la diversificación de sus elementos constitutivos, se incluye en este grupo como entidad individual al glioneuroma. Se hace una revisión del tema y se presentan las imágenes clínico-patológicas más sobresalientes


Assuntos
Humanos , Teratoma/fisiopatologia , Teratoma/patologia , Coristoma/classificação , Coristoma/etiologia , Coristoma/patologia , Cistos/patologia , Oftalmopatias/etiologia , Oftalmopatias/patologia , Aparelho Lacrimal/patologia
17.
Rev. mex. oftalmol ; 71(3): 105-12, mayo-jun. 1997. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-227465

RESUMO

Los teratomas son neoplasias presentes desde el nacimiento en la mayoría de los casos, según su localización pueden ser gonadales y extragonadales, dentro de estos últimos la localización facial extracraneana es rara (1.7 por ciento). En la órbita es excepcional pero es la única localización oftalmológica descrita hasta el momento actual. De acuerdo a su comportamiento biológico pueden ser benignos o malignos y se discute la clasificación actual y gradación pronóstica. El tratamiento es quirúrgico y en las variedades malignas las quimioterapia y radioterapia pueden ser útiles. Se presentan los aspectos histopatológicos más sobresalientes y su correlación clínica


Assuntos
Humanos , Doenças Orbitárias/patologia , Teratoma/fisiopatologia , Teratoma/patologia , Neoplasias Orbitárias/patologia , Neoplasias Oculares/patologia
18.
Rev. mex. oftalmol ; 71(4): 153-6, jul-ago. 1997. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-227473

RESUMO

Se presenta un caso de coristoma complejo epibulbar constituido predominantemente por tejido linfático folicular con centros reactivos, tejido adiposo, complejos pilosebáceos y glándula lagrimal. El diagnóstico fue histopatológico. Es una neoformación benigna de naturaleza disontogénica y el tratamiento es exclusivamente quirúrgico


Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Coristoma/patologia , Patologia Cirúrgica
19.
Rev. mex. oftalmol ; 71(6): 216-25, nov.-dic. 1997. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-227487

RESUMO

Las neoplasias sellares y suprasellares representan únicamente el 7.5 por ciento de los tumores intracraneanos. Las variedades más importantes son los craneofaringiomas y los adenomas. Estas neoplasias se manifiestan clínicamente por el daño a las vías visuales anteriores. Los adenomas son neoplasias funcionales específicas mientras que los craneofanrigiomas cursan con hipopituitarismo. La resonancia nuclear magnética y la topografía axial computada substituyen con muchas ventajas a los procedimiento radiológicos anteriores. El tratamiento puede ser médico, quirúrgico, con radiaciones ionizantes y recientemente con una variante que es la radiocirugía o el bisturí de rayos gamma. Hisotológicamente tienen un patrón característico cada una de sus variedades y actualmente se puede demostrar su estirpe con toda precisión. El oftalmólogo juega el papel más importante en la detección de estas neoplasias


Assuntos
Humanos , Neoplasias Hipofisárias/cirurgia , Neoplasias Hipofisárias/classificação , Neoplasias Hipofisárias/patologia , Neoplasias Hipofisárias/radioterapia , Neoplasias Hipofisárias/epidemiologia , Compressão Nervosa , Doenças do Nervo Óptico/etiologia , Doenças do Nervo Óptico/patologia , Nervo Óptico/patologia , Prognóstico , Quiasma Óptico/patologia
20.
Rev. mex. oftalmol ; 71(6): 236-42, nov.-dic. 1997. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-227491

RESUMO

La gliosis masiva retiniana es una proliferación reactiva benigna de la astrología retiniana que asume patrón pseudotumoral. Se puede localizar sectorialmente en la retina, especialmente en la periferia u ocupar toda la cavidad ocular. Esta proliferación glial se asocia a cambios reactivos, reparativos, inflamatorios o proliferativos de otras estructuras oculares que complican el cuadro y dificultan el diagnóstico como son la hiperplasia adenomatoide del epitelio pigmentado y no pigmentado del cuerpo ciliar, la metaplasia ósea y mieloide, etc. El diagnóstico de la histogénesis se alcanza por medio de la histoinmunoquímica y la microscopía electrónica de transmisión


Assuntos
Humanos , Doenças Retinianas/patologia , Gliose/patologia , Imuno-Histoquímica , Microscopia Eletrônica
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