Sleep quality and clinical and psychological manifestations in women with mild systemic lupus erythematosus activity compared to women with fibromyalgia: A preliminary study.

Objectives: This study analyzed sleep quality in fibromyalgia (FM) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and explored its relationship with other clinical and psychological manifestations.Methods: Twenty women with FM, 19 women with SLE and 22 healthy women participated in the study. Subjective sleep quality, fatigue, pain, depression and anxiety were evaluated with self-reports, and objective sleep measures were obtained with actigraphy. Comparisons were analyzed with Chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis's H and Mann-Whitney's U tests. Relationships between measurements were analyzed with Spearman's correlation coefficients.Results: Subjective sleep quality was altered in the FM and SLE groups compared to the control group (15.53 ± 3.27, 8.47 ± 3.20, 4.91 ± 2.79, p < .05, respectively). FM and SLE patients reported higher levels of pain (22.65 ± 9.87, 10.21 ± 9.93, 2.30 ± 3.096, p < .05), fatigue (4.67 ± 0.37, 3.59 ± 3.04, 2.33 ± 0.59, p < .05) and depressive symptoms (9.90 ± 3.78, 4.53 ± 3.04, 4.17 ± 3.95, p < .05) than controls, respectively. Worse subjective quality of sleep was associated with higher pain intensity and more depressive symptoms in FM and SLE. Actigraphy measures showed that FM patients spent more time in bed than subjects in the remaining groups.Conclusion: Sleep deterioration is related to more pain and depressive symptoms in FM and SLE. Addressing sleep disturbances may improve not only sleep quality but also depressive symptoms and pain.

Relationship between Solitary Masturbation and Sexual Satisfaction: A Systematic Review.

Masturbation is a healthy sexual behavior associated with different sexual functioning dimensions, which highlights sexual satisfaction as an important manifestation of sexual wellbeing. This review aims to systematically examine studies that have associated masturbation with sexual satisfaction, both in individuals with and without a partner. Following the PRISMA statement, searches were made in the APA PsycInfo, Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. The search yielded 851 records, and twenty-two articles that examined the relation between solitary masturbation and sexual satisfaction were selected. In men, a negative relation between masturbation and sexual satisfaction was observed in 71.4% of the studies, 21.4% found no such relation, and 7.2% observed a positive association. In women, 40% reported no relation, 33.3% a negative relation, and 26.7% a positive one. The negative association between solitary masturbation and sexual satisfaction is consistent with the previously proposed compensatory role of masturbation, especially for men. In women, compared to men, the complementary role of masturbation in relation to sexual relationships is observed to a greater extent and is associated more closely with sexual health. The importance of including different parameters beyond the masturbation frequency in future studies to explore its relation with sexual satisfaction is emphasized. This systematic review is registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023416688).

Sexual Excitation in Young Women with Different Levels of Sexual Satisfaction in Relationships: A Laboratory Study.

Sexual satisfaction is an important dimension of sexual health. Despite there being evidence about its relations with sexual arousal, this association has not been addressed considering arousal as a trait and as a state. Therefore, the goal of this laboratory study was to examine, in young women with different levels of sexual satisfaction in their relationships, sexual arousal as a trait (i.e., propensity for sexual excitation/inhibition) and as a state (i.e., genital response and self-reported sexual arousal to a video with explicit sexual content). The sample was composed of 45 Spanish heterosexual women with a partner, from 18 to 25 years old. In the first phase, we evaluated the propensity for sexual inhibition/excitation and sexual satisfaction of the participants. In the second phase-in the context of a sexuality laboratory-the vaginal pulse amplitude, the rating of sexual arousal, and the rating of genital sensations were evaluated. The participants, distributed in three groups with different levels of sexual satisfaction (p < 0.001), were compared based on the different measures of sexual arousal. The results indicated that the group with lower sexual satisfaction, compared to the group with higher sexual satisfaction, reported more sexual inhibition due to the threat of performance failure (p = 0.011) and due to the threat of performance consequences (p = 0.038). However, no significant differences in sexual arousal status were found between the three groups. In conclusion, the negative association between sexual satisfaction and propensity for sexual inhibition in young women with a partner is supported, but not the positive association between trait/state sexual arousal and sexual satisfaction.

Validation of the multidimensional model of the subjective orgasm experience in the context of same-sex relationships.

Background/objective: The Multidimensional Model of the Subjective Orgasm Experience (MMSOE) has been validated in the context of heterosexual relationships, with no evidence in the context of same-sex relationships. This study aims to examine the association of its dimensions (Affective, Intimacy, Sensory, and Rewards) with the propensity for sexual excitation, rating of sexual arousal, rating of genital sensations, and genital response. Method: Sixty-eight young adults (34 males and 34 females) who were sexually active with people of the same sex participated in a laboratory task in which they viewed content-neutral and sexually explicit gay films. Regression models were conducted to explain the dimensions of MMSOE from measures of sexual arousal. Results: In males, the rating of sexual arousal explained the Sensory dimension, while the genital response explained the Affective dimension, with sexual arousal as a state gaining more prominence. In females, however, the propensity for sexual excitation explained the Sensory dimension, with more salience of sexual arousal as a trait. Conclusions: The MMSOE is shown to be a valid theoretical framework for the study of orgasmic experience in the context of same-sex relationships, with clear implications for clinical practice.

Validity and Reliability Evidence and Norms for the Spanish Version of the Sexual Inhibition/Sexual Excitation Scales-Short Form.

BACKGROUND: The Sexual Inhibition/Sexual Excitation Scales-Short Form (SIS/SES-SF) is a brief instrument for assessing the propensity for sexual excitement and inhibition in men and women. The aim of the present study was to provide evidence for the validity and reliability of the Spanish version of the SIS/SES-SF scores by examining invariance, reliability (information function and internal consistency), the relationship between the scores and sexual functioning, and presenting its standard scores. METHOD: A total of 2,223 Spanish heterosexuals (43.41% men and 56.59% women) aged 18 to 83 years (M = 39.94, SD = 11.95), distributed across age groups (18-34, 35-49, ≥ 50 years old) participated. RESULTS: The three-factor structure of the Spanish version of SIS/SES-SF showed weak measurement invariance by sex and strict measurement invariance by age. The scores explained the dimensions of sexual functioning, especially sexual arousal and erection/lubrication. In addition, men and women without difficulties in sexual functioning demonstrated more propensity for sexual excitation and less sexual inhibition. The standard scores are presented by sex and age group. CONCLUSIONS: The study provides evidence of the validity and reliability of the SIS/SES-SF measures, confirming its usefulness for assessing propensity to sexual excitation and inhibition.

Masturbation in middle and late adulthood: its relationship to orgasm.

The relation of masturbation to orgasmic facility and orgasm satisfaction in the sexual relationships context was examined in elderly population. This cross-sectional study included 546 Spanish heterosexual adults aged 50-83 years. They completed a Socio-Demographic Questionnaire, and scales to assess negative attitude towards masturbation, solitary sexual desire, subjective orgasm experience in the solitary masturbation context and orgasmic facility and orgasm satisfaction in sexual relationships. Significant differences were observed on all the masturbation-related indicators between men and women. For men, a regression model was obtained in which age (ß = 0.15), current masturbation frequency (ß = 0.18) and negative attitude towards masturbation (ß = 0.17) explained 8% of the difficulty in orgasmic facility, and another in which age (ß = 0.14) and negative attitude towards masturbation (ß = 0.13) explained 8% of orgasm satisfaction. For women, two regression models were obtained, in which the Affective dimension of the subjective orgasm experience in masturbation explained 11% of orgasmic facility (ß = -0.22) and 15% of orgasm satisfaction (ß = -0.33) in sexual relationships. Significant differences in the intensity of the subjective orgasmic masturbation experience were observed between elderly people with and without difficulties in orgasmic facility and orgasm satisfaction in sexual relationships.

Solitary Sexual Desire: Its Relation to Subjective Orgasm Experience and Sexual Arousal in the Masturbation Context within a Spanish Population.

The tridimensional sexual desire proposal (i.e., dyadic to partner, dyadic to attractive other and solitary) has been empirically supported. However, solitary sexual desire and its relationship to other dimensions of sexual functioning has received less attention. Hence, we examined the capacity of solitary sexual desire to explain the subjective orgasm experience (Study 1) and sexual arousal (Study 2) in the context of solitary masturbation. Study 1, composed of 2406 heterosexual adults (M age = 39.72, SD = 11.81), assessed for solitary sexual desire, dyadic sexual desire, and the intensity of the subjective orgasm experience obtained through solitary masturbation, along with other associated parameters. Study 2, consisting of 41 heterosexual young people (M age = 22.49, SD = 3.17), evaluated the genital response (penile circumference/vaginal pulse amplitude) and subjective arousal to sexually explicit films related to solitary masturbation. In both men and women, solitary sexual desire accounted for a significant percentage of the subjective orgasm experience obtained through solitary masturbation. In addition, in women, the propensity for sexual arousal was explained by solitary sexual desire. It is concluded that solitary sexual desire -as opposed to dyadic- is important to explain sexual arousal and orgasm in the solitary masturbation context. These results highlight the importance of addressing sexual desire in the solitary context, given its implications with other dimensions of sexual functioning.

Validation of the Spanish Version of the Massachusetts General Hospital-Sexual Functioning Questionnaire (MGH-SFQ) with Sexual Arousal Measures in Men.

Objective: Provide new validity evidence of the Spanish version of the Massachusetts General Hospital-Sexual Functioning Questionnaire (MGH-SFQ) by associating its scores with measures of sexual arousal. Method: In a sample of 48 men, using a quasi-experimental design, sexual functioning, propensity for sexual inhibition/excitation, subjective sexual arousal, and genital response (penile plethysmography recorded with Biopac MP150 equipment) were evaluated. Results: Arousal and erection scores correlated with sexual inhibition due to the threat of performance failure (r = .29; p < .05) and genital response (r = .31; p < .05), respectively. Participants with difficulties in sexual functioning indicated greater sexual inhibition due to the threat of performance failure (p = .04) and lower intensity in their genital response (p = .05). Conclusions: The validity of the measures obtained with the Spanish version of the MGH-SFQ is supported, showing the erection item to be useful for the detection of possible erectile disorders.

Objetivo: Aportar nuevas evidencias de validez a la versión española del Massachusetts General Hospital-Sexual Functioning Questionnaire (MGH-SFQ), asociando sus puntuaciones a medidas de la excitación sexual. Método: En una muestra de 48 hombres, mediante un diseño cuasiexperimental, se evaluó el funcionamiento sexual, la propensión para la excitación/inhibición sexual, la excitación sexual subjetiva y la respuesta genital (pletismografía peniana registrada con un equipo Biopac MP150). Resultados: Las puntuaciones en excitación y erección del MGH-SFQ correlacionaron significativamente con la inhibición sexual por miedo al fallo en el rendimiento sexual (r = .29; p < .05) y con la respuesta genital (r = .31; p < .05), respectivamente. Los participantes con dificultades en el funcionamiento sexual, en comparación con los que mostraron un adecuado funcionamiento, indicaron mayor inhibición sexual por miedo al fallo en el rendimiento sexual (p = .04) y menor intensidad en su respuesta genital (p = .05). Conclusiones: Se avala la validez de las medidas obtenidas con la versión española del MGH-SFQ, mostrándose el ítem de erección útil para la detección de posibles trastornos eréctiles.

Masturbation parameters related to orgasm satisfaction in sexual relationships: Differences between men and women.

Objective: Masturbation is a behavior that can enhance sexual functioning. This study aims to analyze differences between men and women in different masturbation parameters, and to examine their relation with orgasm satisfaction in sexual relationships. Method: One thousand three hundred and thirty-fifth men and women from the Spanish population aged 18-83 years (M = 36.91; SD = 11.86) participated in an online survey. A questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic. Sexual history data, negative attitude toward masturbation, solitary sexual desire and orgasm subjective experience upon masturbation were assessed. Given the differences between men and women, independent regression models are proposed to explain orgasm satisfaction in the sexual relationships context. Findings: Men, compared to women, masturbated at a younger age (p < 0.001), and reported higher current masturbation frequency (p < 0.001) and more solitary sexual desire (p < 0.001). Women reported greater intensity in the subjective orgasm experience on its Affective (p < 0.001), Sensory (p < 0.001) and Intimacy (p < 0.001) dimensions. Regarding regression models, the Affective dimension of orgasm was a common parameter in men (ß = 0.36; p < 0.001) and women (ß = 0.24) to explain orgasm satisfaction during sexual relationships. In men, solitary masturbation frequency (ß = -0.10; p = 0.027) acquired a significant role. In women, the model also included age (ß = 0.09; p = 0.038), negative attitude toward masturbation (ß = -0.12; p = 0.005) and solitary sexual desire (ß = -0.19; p = 0.001). Conclusion: When dealing with men and women's orgasm difficulties in the sexual relationships context, it is important to consider the role of masturbation. In men and women, the Affective dimension of the orgasm experience explain the orgasm satisfaction in sexual relationship. Also, in men, the solitary masturbation frequency is negatively related with orgasm satisfaction in sexual relationship, supporting the compensatory hypothesis of masturbation. In women, in addition to the Affective dimension, the orgasm satisfaction in sexual relationship is explained, negatively, by the negative attitude toward masturbation, and positively, by the solitary sexual desire, which could be associated with more sexual self-knowledge. The relevance of masturbation in understanding sexual functioning is highlighted.

Validation of the Orgasm Rating Scale in Context of Sexual Relationships of Gay and Lesbian Adults.

Currently, no validated instrument exists for assessing the subjective experience of orgasm in the gay population. The Orgasm Rating Scale (ORS), previously validated in the heterosexual population, comprises four dimensions: Affective, Sensory, Intimacy, and Rewards. This study validated it for sexual relationships in the gay population by obtaining its factorial invariance by sexual orientation and sex, its internal consistency reliability, and evidence of validity in its relationship with other variables. We assessed 1600 cisgender Spanish adults-heterosexuals, gays, and lesbians-divided into 4, sex-based groups of 400 each, according to the Kinsey scale scores. Participants reported recent experiences of orgasm in the context of sexual relationships and responded to the ORS and other scales assessing attitude toward sexual fantasies and sexual functioning. The ORS structure showed a strict multigroup-level invariance by sexual orientation and sex, confirming its four-dimensional structure. The subjective orgasm intensity was associated with a positive attitude toward sexual fantasies and sexual functioning. Scores obtained on the Affective, Intimacy, and Rewards dimensions confirmed the ability to discriminate between gay people with and without orgasmic difficulties. The ORS's Spanish version presents good psychometric properties as a validated scale to evaluate the subjective experience of orgasm in the gay population.

Validation of the Orgasm Rating Scale in the Context of Masturbation.

BACKGROUND: The Orgasm Rating Scale (ORS) assesses the subjective experience of orgasm. Its psychometric properties have only been examined in the context of sexual intercourse. This study aims to validate the ORS in the context of solitary masturbation. METHODS: A sample of 1,171 men and 1,424 women aged 18-83 years ( M = 40.51, SD = 12.07) completed the ORS in the solitary masturbation context along with other scales to assess sexual attitudes, solitary sexual desire, propensity for sexual arousal/inhibition, and sexual functioning. RESULTS: A four-dimensional structure was confirmed, similar to the homologous version for the context of sexual intercourse. Measures obtained from the ORS were sex and age invariant, exhibited adequate internal consistency, discriminated between people with orgasmic difficulties, and were associated with related variables. CONCLUSIONS: The ORS is a multidimensional measure that provides reliable, valid measures of the subjective experience of orgasm in the context of solitary masturbation.

Sexual Activity in Peruvian Adolescents: Relevance of Socio-Demographic Variables and Sexual Attitudes.

The aim of this study was to explain the masturbation frequency and sexual relationships in adolescents based on age, religious adherence, erotophilia, attitudes toward sexual fantasies and masturbation, and the traditional sexual double standard. A sample of 1120 Peruvian adolescents aged 13-17 years responded to a socio-demographic questionnaire and different scales about sexuality. The frequency of masturbation and sexual relationships, as well as in the sexual attitudes evaluated differed by sex, with boys scoring higher. The masturbation frequency was explained by erotophilia in boys, and by positive attitudes toward sexual fantasies in both sexes. The frequency of sexual relationships was explained by age and positive attitudes toward sexual fantasies in boys and only by the latter in girls. Positive attitudes toward sexual fantasies stand out as a variable for understanding sexual activity in adolescents.

Development of the Spanish short version of Negative Attitudes Toward Masturbation Inventory.

Background/Objective: Masturbation has historically been a sexual behaviour associated with negative connotations, as a consequence of traditional orthodox positions, despite its positive impact on health. The instruments developed to measure the attitude towards masturbation are scarce, and none of them have been validated in the Spanish adult population. This study aims to propose a short version of the Negative Attitudes Toward Masturbation Inventory (NATMI) and examine their psychometric properties (reliability and evidence of validity) in the Spanish adult population. Method: A total of 4,116 heterosexual adults aged 18-83 years (M = 40.58; SD = 12.24; 54.64% women) participated in the study. In addition to the NATMI, they answered other scales to assess sexual attitudes, sexual desire, propensity to become sexually excited/inhibited and sexual functioning. Results: Analysis of the construct validity of the NATMI resulted in a reduced version of ten items grouped into a single factor explaining 66% of the variance (ordinal alpha = .95). The evidence of validity is clear, as subjects with negative and positive attitude towards masturbation differed in religiousness, frequency of masturbation, erotophilia, positive attitude towards sexual fantasies, sexual inhibition and sexual functioning. Conclusions: The Spanish short version of NATMI provides reliable and valid measures in the Spanish adult population.

Antecedentes/objetivo: La masturbación ha sido una conducta sexual asociada históricamente a connotaciones negativas, como consecuencia de posturas tradicionales ortodoxas, a pesar de su impacto positivo en la salud. Son escasos los instrumentos desarrollados para medir la actitud hacia la masturbación, no existiendo ninguno validado en población adulta española. El objetivo de este estudio es proponer una versión breve del Negative Attitudes Toward Masturbation Inventory (NATMI) y examinar sus propiedades psicométricas (fiabilidad y evidencias de validez) en población adulta española. Método: Participaron 4.116 adultos heterosexuales de 18-83 años (M = 40,58; DT = 12,24; 54,64% mujeres), que respondieron además del NATMI a otras escalas para evaluar actitudes sexuales, deseo sexual, propensión a excitarse/inhibirse sexualmente y funcionamiento sexual. Resultados: El análisis de la validez de constructo dio lugar a una versión reducida de diez ítems agrupados en un único factor que explica el 66% de la varianza (alfa ordinal = 0,95). Se aportan evidencias de validez, ya que los sujetos con actitud negativa y positiva hacia la masturbación se diferencian en religiosidad, frecuencia de masturbación, erotofilia, actitud positiva hacia las fantasías sexuales, inhibición sexual y funcionamiento sexual. Conclusiones: La versión española breve del NATMI proporciona medidas fiables y validas en población adulta española.

Association of Sexual Attitudes with Sexual Function: General vs. Specific Attitudes.

Background: Sexual attitudes are related to the expression of sexuality and have been associated with indicators for sexual health. The main aim of this study was to determine the explanatory capacity of general (i.e., erotophilia) and specific (i.e., toward sexual fantasies and masturbation) sexual attitudes on different sexual functioning dimensions (sexual desire, sexual arousal, lubrication/erection, ability to have an orgasm and orgasm satisfaction). Methods: The sample consisted of 2000 heterosexual adults (1044 women, 956 men) aged 18-83 years. Results: The explanatory models for women mainly showed that positive attitudes toward sexual fantasies (ß range = -0.35, -0.249) and age (ß range = -0.111, 0.086) explained sexual function. The models proposed for men revealed a more diverse pattern, although the variable essential for explaining sexual function was a positive attitude toward sexual fantasies (ß range = -0.266, -0.097). Conclusions: These results indicate that specific sexual attitudes, particularly in relation to sexual fantasies, are more sensitive variables than erotophilia in examining sexual health.

The Impact of Intimate Partner Violence on Sexual Attitudes, Sexual Assertiveness, and Sexual Functioning in Men and Women.

BACKGROUND: Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) causes physical, sexual, or psychological harm. The association between psychosexual (sexual assertiveness, erotophilia, and attitude towards sexual fantasies) and sexual function (sexual desire, sexual excitation, erection, orgasm capacity, and sexual satisfaction), and the experience of physical and non-physical IPV was assessed. METHODS: Data from 3394 (1766 women, 1628 men) heterosexual adults completed the Spanish version of the Index of Spouse Abuse, scales measuring psychosexual and sexual function, and demographic characteristics were collected. RESULTS: For men, poorer sexual health was associated with an experience of physical abuse (F = 4.41, p < 0.001) and non-physical abuse (F = 4.35, p < 0.001). For women, poorer sexual health was associated with physical abuse (F = 13.38, p < 0.001) and non-physical abuse (F = 7.83, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The experience of physical or non-physical abuse has a negative association with psychosexual and sexual functioning in both men and women.

Validity and Reliability Evidence and Norms for the Spanish Version of the Sexual Inhibition/Sexual Excitation Scales-Short Form / Evidencias de Validez y Fiabilidad y Baremos de la Versión Española de las Sexual Inhibition/Sexual Excitation Scales-Short Form

Background: The Sexual Inhibition/Sexual Excitation Scales-Short Form (SIS/SES-SF) is a brief instrument for assessing the propensity for sexual excitement and inhibition in men and women. The aim of the present study was to provide evidence for the validity and reliability of the Spanish version of the SIS/SES-SF scores by examining invariance, reliability (information function and internal consistency), the relationship between the scores and sexual functioning, and presenting its standard scores. Method: A total of 2,223 Spanish heterosexuals (43.41% men and 56.59% women) aged 18 to 83 years (M = 39.94, SD = 11.95), distributed across age groups (18-34, 35-49, ≥ 50 years old) participated. Results: The three-factor structure of the Spanish version of SIS/SES-SF showed weak measurement invariance by sex and strict measurement invariance by age. The scores explained the dimensions of sexual functioning, especially sexual arousal and erection/lubrication. In addition, men and women without difficulties in sexual functioning demonstrated more propensity for sexual excitation and less sexual inhibition. The standard scores are presented by sex and age group. Conclusions: The study provides evidence of the validity and reliability of the SIS/SES-SF measures, confirming its usefulness for assessing propensity to sexual excitation and inhibition.(AU)

Antecedentes: Las Sexual Inhibition/Sexual Excitation Scales-Short Form (SIS/SES-SF) son un instrumento breve que evalúa, en hombres y mujeres, la propensión hacia la excitación e inhibición sexual. El objetivo fue aportar evidencias de validez y fiabilidad a las puntuaciones de la versión española de SIS/SES-SF, examinando la invarianza, la fiabilidad (función de información y consistencia interna), la relación de sus puntuaciones con el funcionamiento sexual, y presentar sus puntuaciones estandarizadas. Método: Participaron 2.223 españoles heterosexuales (43,41% hombres y 56,59% mujeres) de 18 a 83 años (M = 39,94; DT = 11,95), distribuidos en tres grupos de edad (18-34, 35-49, ≥ 50 años). Resultados: La estructura trifactorial de la versión española de SIS/SES-SF mostró nivel de invarianza débil por sexo y estricto por edad. Sus puntuaciones explicaron las dimensiones del funcionamiento sexual, especialmente excitación sexual y erección/lubricación. Además, hombres y mujeres sin dificultades en el funcionamiento sexual mostraron más propensión a la excitación sexual y menor inhibición sexual. Se presentan baremos de sus puntuaciones por sexo y grupos de edad. Conclusiones: Se aportan adecuadas evidencias de validez y fiabilidad a las medidas de SIS/SES-SF, lo que confirma la utilidad de este instrumento para evaluar la propensión a la excitación e inhibición sexual.(AU)

The Bem Sex-Role Inventory: Proposal of a short version in Spanish / The Bem Sex-Role Inventory: propuesta de una versión corta en español

El objetivo del estudio fue examinar la estructura factorial, la confiabilidad y proporcionar alguna evidencia de validez de la versión en español del Inventario de Roles Sexuales de Bem (BSRI), que evalúa la autodescripción en términos de rasgos de género. Una muestra de 2.672 participantes españoles, adultos heterosexuales (1.289 hombres, 1.383 mujeres) distribuidos en cuatro grupos de edad (18-25, 26-35, 36-55, 56 años o más), completó una versión en español de 40 ítems delBSRI. Se propone una escala de 8 ítems con estructura bidimensional: Masculinidad (M) y Feminidad (F). Ambos factores presentan una fiabilidad adecuada. Con respecto a la evidencia de validez, los hombres (vs. las mujeres) obtuvieron puntuaciones más altas en M y las mujeres (vs. los hombres) en F. Las puntuaciones M fueron más altas para los participantes menores de 56 años. No se encontraron diferencias en las puntuaciones F entre grupos de edad. Discutimos la utilidad de esta medida para evaluar las diferencias interindividuales, según el sexo y la edad, en la autoatribución de los rasgos de género tradicionales.(AU)

The study objective was to examine the factorial structure, reliability and to provide some evidence for validity of the Spanish version of the Bem Sexual Roles Inventory (BSRI), which assesses self-description in terms of gender traits. A sample of 2,672 Spanish participants, heterosexual adults (1,289 men, 1,383 women) distributed into four age groups (18-25, 26-35, 36-55, 56 years or more), completed a Spanish 40-item version of BSRI. An 8-item scale is proposed with a two-dimensional structure: Masculinity (M) and Femininity (F). Both factors present adequate reliability. Regarding evidence for validity, men (vs. women) scored higher in M, and women (vs. men) in F. The M scores were higher for the participants aged less than 56 years. No differences were found in the F scores among age groups. We discuss the usefulness of this measure to assess interindividual differences, across sex and age, in the self-attribution of traditional gender traits.(AU)

Validation of the Orgasm Rating Scale in the Context of Masturbation / Validación de la Orgasm Rating Scale en el Contexto de la Masturbación

Background: The Orgasm Rating Scale (ORS) assesses the subjectiveexperience of orgasm. Its psychometric properties have only been examinedin the context of sexual intercourse. This study aims to validate the ORSin the context of solitary masturbation. Methods: A sample of 1,171 menand 1,424 women aged 18-83 years (M = 40.51, SD = 12.07) completedthe ORS in the solitary masturbation context along with other scales toassess sexual attitudes, solitary sexual desire, propensity for sexual arousal/inhibition, and sexual functioning. Results: A four-dimensional structurewas confirmed, similar to the homologous version for the context of sexualintercourse. Measures obtained from the ORS were sex and age invariant,exhibited adequate internal consistency, discriminated between peoplewith orgasmic difficulties, and were associated with related variables.Conclusions: The ORS is a multidimensional measure that providesreliable, valid measures of the subjective experience of orgasm in thecontext of solitary masturbation.

Antecedentes: la Orgasm Rating Scale (ORS) evalúa la experienciasubjetiva del orgasmo. Sus propiedades psicométricas únicamente seexaminaron en el contexto de las relaciones sexuales. El objetivo de esteestudio es validar la ORS en el contexto de la masturbación en solitario.Método: una muestra formada por 1.171 hombres y 1.424 mujeres de 18a 83 años (M = 40,51; DT = 12,07) completaron la ORS en el contexto dela masturbación en solitario junto con otras escalas para evaluar actitudessexuales, deseo sexual solitario, propensión a la excitación/inhibiciónsexual y funcionamiento sexual. Resultados: se confirma una estructurade cuatro dimensiones, al igual que su versión homóloga para el contextode las relaciones sexuales. Las medidas obtenidas mediante la ORS soninvariantes por sexo y edad, sus dimensiones muestran una adecuadaconsistencia interna, discriminan entre personas con y sin dificultadesorgásmicas y se relacionan con variables afines. Conclusiones: la ORSes una medida multidimensional que aporta medidas fiables y válidas dela experiencia subjetiva del orgasmo en el contexto de la masturbación ensolitario.

Development of the Spanish short version of Negative Attitudes Toward Masturbation Inventory / Desarrollo de una versión española breve del Negative Attitudes Toward Masturbation Inventory

Background/Objective: Masturbation has historically been a sexual behaviour associated with negative connotations, as a consequence of traditional orthodox positions, despite its positive impact on health. The instruments developed to measure the attitude towards masturbation are scarce, and none of them have been validated in the Spanish adult population. This study aims to propose a short version of the Negative Attitudes Toward Masturbation Inventory (NATMI) and examine their psychometric properties (reliability and evidence of validity) in the Spanish adult population. Method: A total of 4,116 heterosexual adults aged 18-83 years (M = 40.58; SD = 12.24; 54.64% women) participated in the study. In addition to the NATMI, they answered other scales to assess sexual attitudes, sexual desire, propensity to become sexually excited/inhibited and sexual functioning. Results: Analysis of the construct validity of the NATMI resulted in a reduced version of ten items grouped into a single factor explaining 66% of the variance (ordinal alpha = .95). The evidence of validity is clear, as subjects with negative and positive attitude towards masturbation differed in religiousness, frequency of masturbation, erotophilia, positive attitude towards sexual fantasies, sexual inhibition and sexual functioning. Conclusions: The Spanish short version of NATMI provides reliable and valid measures in the Spanish adult population. (AU)

Antecedentes/objetivo: La masturbación ha sido una conducta sexual asociada históricamente a connotaciones negativas, como consecuencia de posturas tradicionales ortodoxas, a pesar de su impacto positivo en la salud. Son escasos los instrumentos desarrollados para medir la actitud hacia la masturbación, no existiendo ninguno validado en población adulta española. El objetivo de este estudio es proponer una versión breve del Negative Attitudes Toward Masturbation Inventory (NATMI) y examinar sus propiedades psicométricas (fiabilidad y evidencias de validez) en población adulta española. Método: Participaron 4.116 adultos heterosexuales de 18-83 años (M = 40,58; DT = 12,24; 54,64% mujeres), que respondieron además del NATMI a otras escalas para evaluar actitudes sexuales, deseo sexual, propensión a excitarse/inhibirse sexualmente y funcionamiento sexual. Resultados: El análisis de la validez de constructo dio lugar a una versión reducida de diez ítems agrupados en un único factor que explica el 66% de la varianza (alfa ordinal = 0,95). Se aportan evidencias de validez, ya que los sujetos con actitud negativa y positiva hacia la masturbación se diferencian en religiosidad, frecuencia de masturbación, erotofilia, actitud positiva hacia las fantasías sexuales, inhibición sexual y funcionamiento sexual. Conclusiones: La versión española breve del NATMI proporciona medidas fiables y validas en población adulta española. (AU)