Assessment of the effect of pulsed electromagnetic field application on the healing of bone defects in rats with heparin-induced osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by an increase in bone fragility and fracture risk due to low bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue. Application of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF), a non-invasive method with a low complication risk, is known to stimulate bone formation. The present study examines the histomorphometric and biochemical effects of PEMF application on the healing of bone defects in rats with heparin-induced secondary osteoporosis. Briefly, 12-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were examined in a prospective, randomized, single-blind study. Osteoporosis was induced by administering a daily dose of 2 IU/g heparin for 33 days. Bone defects were created on the right femur on Day 35. PEMF of an average intensity of 0.8 ± 0.2 mT and a frequency of 7.3 Hz, was applied for 1 h/day, for 28 days following surgery. Bone healing was evaluated by histomorphometric and biochemical analyses. The heparin + PEMF group displayed the largest amount of new bone area (P = .002) and the lowest mean CTx on Day 63 (P = .05). This study demonstrates that heparin administration leads to bone loss and osteoporosis, whereas the application of PEMF decreases this effect.

Clinical impact of ectopic teeth in the maxillary sinus.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical features, aetiologic factors, challenging properties (such as radio opacity in Water's view in a patient with no sinusitis), signs and symptoms of the ectopic teeth in the maxillary sinus. STUDY DESIGN: Clinical symptoms and radiographic findings of 14 patients with ectopic teeth in the maxillary sinus were evaluated. Computed tomography (CT) and conventional radiographic images of maxillary sinus and clinical findings were compared with each other with regard to the final diagnosis. RESULTS: Water's view is inadequate to diagnose ectopic tooth in the maxillary sinus in some cases. Panoramic radiographs may be preferred before CT to evaluate the ectopic tooth in the maxillary sinus as structure of a tooth can be clearly detected on panoramic radiographs. Crowding was the most common aetiologic factor among the 14 cases. CONCLUSION AND SIGNIFICANCE: The patients with ectopic tooth in the maxillary sinus should be evaluated thoroughly by complete otorhinolaryngologic, intraoral examinations and proper diagnostic imaging procedures in order to avoid misdiagnosis of maxillary sinusitis. As the opacity of the maxillary sinus in Water's view due to ectopic tooth can be misinterpreted as maxillary sinusitis, patients who have sinusitis-like complaints and opacity of maxillary sinus in Water's view who are resistant to medical treatment should be evaluated with respect to the presence of ectopic tooth.

Effects of resveratrol and cigarette smoking onbone healing: histomorphometric evaluation.

BACKGROUND/AIM: The aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of cigarette smoke (CS) and simultaneous application of resveratrol on bone healing histomorphometrically and to evaluate the effects of resveratrol on negative effects of CS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For 4 weeks, Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to cigarette smoke at the equivalent of 6 cigarettes per day. After this period, monocortical defects were created in femurs by a trephine bur on day 28. Starting from the day of defect creation to the 28th postoperative day, rats were given 20 mg/kg body weight resveratrol. Histomorphometric examination of the number of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, as well as new bone area, was conducted. RESULTS: Investigations were carried out on 33 rats. Differences between osteoblast numbers in the control and CS groups were significant, and CS caused a reduction in the number of osteoblasts. Areas of new bone formation in the resveratrol and control groups were higher than in the smoking and smoking+resveratrol groups. CONCLUSION: Smoking appeared to have adverse effects upon bone healing and resveratrol administration helped to reduce these effects.