RESUMO
The 16S rRNA genes (rDNA) of 50 strains belonging to 26 different coryneform bacterial species and genomospecies and of the type strain of Rhodococcus equi were enzymatically amplified. Amplified rDNA restriction analysis (ARDRA) with the enzymes AluI, CfoI and RsaI was carried out. The combination of the ARDRA patterns obtained after restriction with these three different enzymes enabled the differentiation between the following species: Corynebacterium accolens (number of strains = 2), C. afermentans subsp. afermentans (2), C. afermentans subsp. lipophilum (2), C. amycolatum (3), CDC coryneform group ANF-1-like (1), CDC coryneform group ANF-3-like (1), C. cystitidis (1), C. diphtheriae (4), C. jeikeium (3), C. macginleyi (2), C. minutissimum (1), C. pilosum (1), C. pseudotuberculosis (2), C. renale (2), C. striatum (2), C. urealyticum (3), C. xerosis (1), CDC coryneform groups B-1 (2), B-3 (2), F-1, genomospecies 1 and 2 (6), G, genomospecies 1 (1) and G, genomospecies 2 (2). The following strains or species could not be differentiated from each other: C. pseudodiphtheriticum (2) from C. propinquum (former CDC coryneform group ANF-3) (2), CDC coryneform group F-1, genomospecies 1 (4) from genomospecies 2 (2) and C. jeikeium genomospecies A (1) from genomospecies C (2). ARDRA may represent a possible alternative for identification of coryneforms, since this technique enabled the identification of most coryneforms tested and since DNA extraction (i.e. cell lysis by boiling), amplification, restriction and electrophoresis can be carried out within 8 hours. This might allow quick identification of C. diphtheriae and other possible pathogens of the genus Corynebacterium.
Assuntos
Corynebacterium diphtheriae/isolamento & purificação , Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis/isolamento & purificação , Corynebacterium/isolamento & purificação , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , RNA Ribossômico 16S/análise , Rhodococcus equi/isolamento & purificação , Corynebacterium/genética , Corynebacterium diphtheriae/genética , Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis/genética , Eletroforese em Gel de Ágar , Técnicas In Vitro , Mapeamento por Restrição , Rhodococcus equi/genéticaRESUMO
Ribosomal rRNA gene fragments (rDNA) encompassing the 16S rDNA, the 16S-23S rDNA spacer region and part of the 23S rDNA of 95 strains belonging to 13 well-described taxa of the eubacterial family Comamonadaceae (beta subclass of the Proteobacteria or rRNA superfamily III) were enzymatically amplified using conserved primers. The fragments of approximately 2400 base pairs were subjected to restriction analysis. Restriction fragment length patterns obtained with HinfI enabled us to distinguish 9 of the 13 taxa studied. Restriction with CfoI was necessary to differentiate Acidovorax delafieldii from A. temperans and Hydrogenophaga flava from H. pseudoflava. The results indicate that amplified rDNA restriction analysis is a simple and reliable tool for the identification of bacterial species.
Assuntos
DNA Ribossômico/genética , Bactérias Aeróbias Gram-Negativas/isolamento & purificação , Sequência de Bases , Enzimas de Restrição do DNA/metabolismo , DNA Bacteriano/genética , DNA Bacteriano/metabolismo , DNA Ribossômico/metabolismo , Bactérias Aeróbias Gram-Negativas/classificação , Bactérias Aeróbias Gram-Negativas/genética , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Polimorfismo de Fragmento de RestriçãoRESUMO
We investigated retinal function in 16 patients with birdshot chorioretinopathy. Consistent abnormalities of dark adaptation, color vision, visual field, electro-oculography, electroretinography, and visual-evoked cortical potentials were found. They included raised thresholds of dark adaptation, acquired dyschromatopsia, mainly of the blue-yellow type, an electroretinogram with reduced amplitude, increased latency of the b-wave and absent oscillatory potentials, an abnormal electro-oculogram, and in many a marked disturbance in the pattern reversal visual-evoked cortical potential. The a-wave of the electroretinogram, the fast oscillations of the standing potential, and the flash visual-evoked cortical potential were well preserved. The nature of the abnormalities suggests that dysfunction was caused by inner retinal disease. Little evidence indicated outer retinal dysfunction resulting from choroidal inflammation.
Assuntos
Corioide/fisiopatologia , Doenças Retinianas/fisiopatologia , Adulto , Idoso , Percepção de Cores , Adaptação à Escuridão , Eletroculografia , Eletrofisiologia , Eletrorretinografia , Potenciais Evocados Visuais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Escotoma/fisiopatologia , Doenças da Úvea/fisiopatologia , Acuidade Visual , Testes de Campo VisualRESUMO
Six affected males, three female carriers, and two possible carriers were evaluated from a three generation pedigree with X linked progressive cone dystrophy. The affected males presented with progressive decrease of visual acuity, impairment of colour vision, and deterioration of electroretinogram, which ranged from absent response to red light in all young patients to abnormal cone-rod responses in the elderly ones. In most affected males dark adaptation curves were monophasic and the electro-oculogram values were reduced. While some obligate carriers showed functional anomalies, they all had reduced electroretinogram response to red light. The a1/aT ratio for 1 joule white light was an appropriate indicator for carrier state. The family was studied with seven DNA markers from the proximal part of the short arm of the human X chromosome. So far, significant linkage has been found between three DNA markers and COD1, which assigns the progressive cone dystrophy gene (COD1) in this family to Xp21-p11.1. Differential diagnosis with congenital cone dystrophies is discussed.
Assuntos
Ligação Genética , Retinose Pigmentar/genética , Cromossomo X , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Mapeamento Cromossômico , Defeitos da Visão Cromática/genética , Adaptação à Escuridão/genética , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Saúde da Família , Feminino , Marcadores Genéticos , Heterozigoto , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Linhagem , Acuidade Visual/genéticaRESUMO
A total of 123 male viscose rayon workers who were exposed to carbon disulfide, and an additional 67 workers who were not exposed to any toxic agent in the working environment, underwent a thorough ophthalmological examination. The relationship between exposure and ophthalmological results was analyzed with univariate and multivariate methods. The most striking findings were strong associations between exposure and the 100-HUE color vision score and excess of microaneurysms in the exposed group. The current threshold limit value appeared to protect against these effects.
Assuntos
Aneurisma/epidemiologia , Dissulfeto de Carbono/efeitos adversos , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Exposição Ocupacional/efeitos adversos , Doenças Retinianas/epidemiologia , Transtornos da Visão/epidemiologia , Adulto , Aneurisma/induzido quimicamente , Dissulfeto de Carbono/análise , Celulose , Humanos , Masculino , Concentração Máxima Permitida , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças Profissionais/induzido quimicamente , Exposição Ocupacional/análise , Prevalência , Doenças Retinianas/induzido quimicamente , Transtornos da Visão/induzido quimicamenteRESUMO
A large surface Panel D-15 Test, specially designed for low vision patients, is presented. The value of the test is compared to the one of other standard colour vision tests in such patients.
Assuntos
Testes de Percepção de Cores , Percepção de Cores , Defeitos da Visão Cromática/diagnóstico , Transtornos da Visão/diagnóstico , HumanosRESUMO
Tamoxifen is one of the most effective anti-estrogens for breast carcinoma therapy and has been used since 1971. Side effects are not frequent, but some ophthalmologic complications have already been described such as retinopathy, keratopathy and optic neuritis. The authors report a case of retinopathy occurring after a period of 7 years (205 g total doses). They give a review of the literature, with the ophthalmological and functional aspects of the retinopathy.
Assuntos
Doenças Retinianas/induzido quimicamente , Tamoxifeno/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Idoso , Neoplasias da Mama/tratamento farmacológico , Feminino , Humanos , Macula Lutea/efeitos dos fármacos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tamoxifeno/uso terapêutico , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
The sensitivity of the VISTECH chart in the detection of hidden visual loss is debated. We tried to evaluate the diagnostic value of the test by using different illumination levels. Twelve MS-patients with normal acuity but a pathological VEP were examined at 9 different illuminations. We did not identify more abnormalities among patients, using VISTECH test at other illumination levels than the one recommended by the manufacturer.