RESUMO
To assess the effect of curcumin-encapsulated Pluronic® F-127 (Cur-Plu) during antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) over duo-species biofilm of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans. Thermal analysis, optical absorption, and fluorescence spectroscopy were evaluated. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal/fungal concentration were obtained. The biofilms were cultured for 48 h at 37 °C and treated according to the groups: P + M + L + (photosensitizer encapsulated with Pluronic® F-127 + light); P + D + L + (photosensitizer incorporated in 1% DMSO + light); P - M + L + (no Pluronic® F-127 + light); P - D + L + (1% DMSO + light); P - L + (Milli-Q water + light); P + M + L - (photosensitizer encapsulated with Pluronic® F-127 no light); P + D + L - (photosensitizer in 1% DMSO, no light); P - M + L - (Pluronic® F-127 no light); P - D + L - (1% DMSO, no light); P - L - (Milli-Q water, no light; negative control group); CHX (0.2% chlorhexidine, positive control group); and NYS (Nystatin). Dark incubation of 5 min was used. The groups that received aPDT were irradiated by blue LED (460 nm, 15 J/cm2). Cell viability of the biofilms was performed by colony-forming units (CFU/mL) and confocal microscopy. Two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test was used at a significance level of 5%. P + D + L + and P + M + L + groups exhibited better log-reduction for both Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans biofilms than P - M + L + , P - L + , and P - D + L + experimental groups. Furthermore, P + M + L + and P + D + L + showed greater reduction for Candida albicans than for Streptococcus mutans. aPDT mediated by Cur-Plu can be a potential strategy for biofilm control against duo-species biofilm of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans.
Assuntos
Curcumina , Fotoquimioterapia , Biofilmes , Candida albicans , Curcumina/farmacologia , Fotoquimioterapia/métodos , Fármacos Fotossensibilizantes/farmacologia , Poloxâmero/farmacologia , Streptococcus mutansRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The effects of fixed orthodontic therapy on the occurrence of halitosis are not yet fully understood. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of fixed orthodontic appliances on self-assessment and diagnosis of halitosis in undergraduate dental students. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-two undergraduate dental students were included in this cross-sectional study. Two groups (n = 31 per group) were composed of participants with (study group) or without (control group) fixed orthodontic appliance. Halitosis self-assessment and clinical diagnosis were assessed using a visual analogic scale (VAS) and sulfur volatile compounds (SVCs) assessment, respectively. The subjective (VAS) and objective (SVC) malodor assessments were classified in absence, light, moderate, or severe malodor. Chi-square Pearson test and Spearman's correlation were applied for data analysis, with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: The use of fixed orthodontic appliances had no effect on self-assessment (P = 0.490) or clinical diagnosis (P = 0.610) of halitosis. Self-assessment was not significantly associated with the diagnosis of halitosis regardless the use of fixed orthodontic appliance (P ≥ 0.737). Male participants showed higher diagnosis of halitosis (P = 0.007). SVC measurements showed the absence of halitosis in 51.6% and 58.1% of participants with or without orthodontic appliances, respectively. CONCLUSION: The use of fixed orthodontic appliances affected the self-assessment of halitosis but no SVC measurements. It was not verified a correlation between subjective and objective methods to diagnose halitosis in dental students.
RESUMO
Different light sources have been used during dental bleaching procedures. More recently, a violet LED system was introduced as a promising and viable light source, which is capable to promote dental bleaching without chemical agents, although this light source could be also associated to a bleaching agent. This case report aimed to present the association of a violet LED and a bleaching agent over a discolored non-vital tooth. After anamnesis, clinical and radiographic examinations, a dental bleaching protocol was proposed as follow: 15 applications of the violet LED during 60â¯s (Bright Max Whitening, MMOptics) with 30â¯s interval between them. Before the last 5 applications, 35% hydrogen peroxide gel (Whiteness HP Maxx, FGM) was applied inside the pulp chamber and on enamel surface of the tooth (vestibular and palatal surfaces) and then the last 5 irradiations were performed. Three sessions were performed, with 7-days interval. Color assessment using a VITA classical scale and VITA EasyShade® spectrophotometer was carried out. After dental bleaching, color changed (tooth 21) from A3.5 to B2. The protocol used in this case report showed to be satisfactory for the non-vital tooth bleaching.
Assuntos
Peróxido de Hidrogênio/uso terapêutico , Fotoquimioterapia/métodos , Clareadores Dentários/uso terapêutico , Clareamento Dental/métodos , Dente não Vital , Estética Dentária , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
The use of violet LED was recently introduced as a new alternative technique to perform tooth bleaching, associated or not with bleaching agents. This paper shows a tooth bleaching clinical case report performed in a 26-year-old woman, using a violet LED with 10% carbamide peroxide (CP). The tooth bleaching protocol was performed in 3 sessions. Fifteen irradiations using a violet light system (BMW, MMoptics, São Carlos, SP, Brazil) were done during 30â¯s (on) and 60â¯s (off) without bleaching gel, and more 5 irradiations associated to 10% CP. Upper and lower arches were irradiated separately. The total procedure time was 30â¯min. Subjective and objective color assessments were performed using Vitapan Classical shade guide and VITA Easyshade spectrophotometer, respectively. Dentin sensitivity was measured using a visual analogue scale. The use of violet LED associated to a low concentration carbamide peroxide successfully promoted tooth bleaching and no side effects i.e. dentin sensitivity during and post treatment was observed.