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1.
CA Cancer J Clin ; 68(2): 133-152, 2018 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29377070

RESUMO

The population of adult survivors of childhood cancer continues to grow as survival rates improve. Although it is well established that these survivors experience various complications and comorbidities related to their malignancy and treatment, this risk is modified by many factors that are not directly linked to their cancer history. Research evaluating the influence of patient-specific demographic and genetic factors, premorbid and comorbid conditions, health behaviors, and aging has identified additional risk factors that influence cancer treatment-related toxicity and possible targets for intervention in this population. Furthermore, although current long-term follow-up guidelines comprehensively address specific therapy-related risks and provide screening recommendations, the risk profile of the population continues to evolve with ongoing modification of treatment strategies and the emergence of novel therapeutics. To address the multifactorial modifiers of cancer treatment-related health risk and evolving treatment approaches, a patient-centered and risk-adapted approach to care that often requires a multidisciplinary team approach, including medical and behavioral providers, is necessary for this population. CA Cancer J Clin 2018;68:133-152. © 2018 American Cancer Society.


Assuntos
Sobreviventes de Câncer , Neoplasias/complicações , Neoplasias/psicologia , Assistência Centrada no Paciente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Criança , Comportamentos Relacionados com a Saúde , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde , Humanos , Neoplasias/terapia , Qualidade de Vida , Fatores de Risco
2.
Hepatology ; 69(1): 94-106, 2019 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30016547

RESUMO

The purpose of this study was to define the prevalence of and risk factors for elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level among adult childhood cancer survivors (CCS). The study cohort comprised 2,751 CCS from the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort Study (>10 years postdiagnosis, age ≥18 years). Serum ALT level was graded using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v. 4.03. Modified Poisson regression models were used to estimate relative risks and 95% confidence intervals for the association between demographic and clinical factors and grades 1-4 ALT on the selected models. A total of 1,339 (48.7%) CCS were female; 2,271 (82.6%) were non-Hispanic white. Median age at evaluation was 31.4 years (interquartile range [IQR] = 25.8-37.8); median elapsed time from diagnosis to evaluation was 23.2 years (IQR = 17.6-29.7). A total of 1,137 (41.3%) CSS had ALT > upper limit of normal (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v. 4.03 grade 1-1,058 (38.5%); grade 2-56 (2.0%); grade 3-23 (0.8%); grade 4-none). Multivariable models demonstrated non-Hispanic white race/ethnicity, age at evaluation in years, being overweight or obese, presence of the metabolic syndrome, current treatment with atorvastatin or rosuvastatin or simvastatin, hepatitis C virus infection, prior treatment with busulfan or thioguanine, history of hepatic surgery, and the percentage of liver treated with ≥10 Gray, ≥15 Gray, or ≥20 Gray were associated with elevated ALT. Conclusion: Grade 3 or 4 hepatic injury is infrequent in CCS. Mild hepatic injury in this group may be amenable to lifestyle modifications.


Assuntos
Alanina Transaminase/sangue , Adolescente , Adulto , Sobreviventes de Câncer , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Medição de Risco , Adulto Jovem
3.
J Pediatr Orthop ; 39(2): 104-110, 2019 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28452860

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Osteonecrosis of the hips and knees is an often debilitating adverse event in children treated with glucocorticoids for leukemia and lymphoma but the impact of shoulder involvement has been understudied. Thus, we investigated the severity and functional impairment of shoulder osteonecrosis in a well-characterized population of pediatric patients treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia or lymphoma. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed orthopaedic clinic and physical therapy evaluations to determine range of motion (ROM), pain, and impact of magnetic resonance-defined osteonecrosis (ON) on activities of daily living. Adverse events were classified according to the National Cancer Institute's Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.03. RESULTS: We identified 35 patients (22 female), median age at cancer diagnosis 14.2 (range, 4.3 to 19) years; median age at ON diagnosis 16.7 (range, 5.5 to 28) years. Median time to last follow-up from diagnosis of primary malignancy was 6.4 (range, 0 to 12.7) years and from diagnosis of ON was 4.0 (range, 0 to 8.9) years. Twenty-two patients had magnetic resonance evidence of ON; 43 shoulders involved at least 30% of the articular surface of the capital humeral epiphyses.Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events mean scores for initial assessments of 55 shoulders (29 patients) showed moderate negative impact of ON on activity of daily living (1.94), decreased ROM limiting athletic activity (0.98), and mild to moderate levels of pain (1.38). Analysis of this group's most recent assessment showed improvement in pain and ON over time, with an average pain grade of 0.58 indicating no pain to mild pain, and 1.37 for ON grade, indicating asymptomatic to mildly symptomatic impact on activities of daily living. We also found minimal worsening average ROM grades (1.11). CONCLUSIONS: Shoulder ON is an underappreciated adverse late effect of therapy in children treated for leukemia/lymphoma which can limit quality of life and functionality. In most cases, pain and disability can be improved with treatment. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV-case series.


Assuntos
Glucocorticoides/uso terapêutico , Linfoma/tratamento farmacológico , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Osteonecrose/diagnóstico , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/tratamento farmacológico , Amplitude de Movimento Articular/fisiologia , Articulação do Ombro , Atividades Cotidianas , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Linfoma/complicações , Masculino , Osteonecrose/etiologia , Osteonecrose/fisiopatologia , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/complicações , Qualidade de Vida , Estudos Retrospectivos , Adulto Jovem
4.
Pediatr Blood Cancer ; 65(9): e27232, 2018 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29750388

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: We reviewed the effect of ovarian transposition (OT) on ovarian function among long-term survivors of childhood Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) treated with pelvic radiotherapy. PROCEDURE: Female participants (age 18+ years) with HL in the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort Study (SJLIFE) were clinically evaluated for premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) 10 or more years after pelvic radiotherapy. Reproductive history including age at menopause and pregnancy/live births was available on all patients. RESULTS: Of 127 eligible females with HL, 90 (80%) participated in SJLIFE, including 49 who underwent OT before pelvic radiotherapy. Median age at STLIFE evaluation was 38 years (range 25-60). In a multiple regression adjusted for age at diagnosis, pelvic radiotherapy doses > 1,500 cGy (hazard ratio [HR] = 25.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.1-207.3; P = 0.0027) and cumulative cyclophosphamide equivalent doses of alkylating agents > 12,000 mg/m2 (HR = 11.2, 95% CI = 3.4-36.8; P < 0.0001) were significantly associated with POI. There was no significant association between OT and occurrence of POI (HR = 0.6, 95% CI = 0.2-1.9; P = 0.41). CONCLUSIONS: OT did not appear to modify risk of POI in this historic cohort of long-term survivors of HL treated with gonadotoxic therapy. Modern fertility preservation modalities, such as mature oocyte cryopreservation, should be offered to at-risk patients whenever feasible.


Assuntos
Preservação da Fertilidade/métodos , Doença de Hodgkin/radioterapia , Ovário/cirurgia , Insuficiência Ovariana Primária/prevenção & controle , Adolescente , Adulto , Antineoplásicos Alquilantes/administração & dosagem , Antineoplásicos Alquilantes/efeitos adversos , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Terapia Combinada , Feminino , Doença de Hodgkin/tratamento farmacológico , Humanos , Órgãos em Risco , Ovário/efeitos da radiação , Insuficiência Ovariana Primária/etiologia , Lesões por Radiação/prevenção & controle , Sobreviventes , Adulto Jovem
5.
Pediatr Radiol ; 48(2): 204-209, 2018 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29085966

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Postoperative intussusception can be a complication of abdominal surgery and often poses a diagnostic dilemma. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of intussusception in children who had recently undergone resection of a primary solid tumor. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of all pediatric surgical oncology patients undergoing laparotomy for excision of an abdominal tumor at our institution from 1995 to 2015. We reviewed those with documented postoperative intussusception. In addition we searched the radiology database for all ultrasound examinations requested to rule out postoperative intussusception during our study interval. We analyzed demographics, primary diagnosis, surgical procedure, presentation, diagnostic investigations and definitive treatment. RESULTS: At our institution 852 laparotomies for abdominal tumor resection were performed during the study period, resulting in 10 postoperative intussusceptions (1.2% of cases), of which half were following neuroblastoma resection and the other half following nephrectomy for Wilms tumor. Postoperative intussusception was suspected if the patient had increasing nasogastric output, abdominal distension or feeding intolerance. Ultrasound was used to diagnose intussusception in 9/10 cases, on postoperative day 6 (standard deviation [SD] 5.6 days) on average, with a sensitivity of 89% (8/9; one false negative; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.52, 1.00) and a specificity of 100% (no false positives; 95% CI 0.96, 1.00). CONCLUSION: Ultrasound was highly accurate in diagnosing postoperative intussusception in children who underwent resection of retroperitoneal tumors.


Assuntos
Intussuscepção/diagnóstico por imagem , Neuroblastoma/cirurgia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Retroperitoneais/cirurgia , Ultrassonografia/métodos , Tumor de Wilms/cirurgia , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Intussuscepção/patologia , Laparotomia , Masculino , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/patologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade
6.
Cancer ; 123(22): 4419-4429, 2017 Nov 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28759114

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Indications for and delivery of adjuvant therapies for pediatric nonrhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcoma (NRSTS) have been derived largely from adult studies; therefore, significant concern remains regarding radiation exposure to normal tissue. The authors report long-term treatment outcomes and toxicities for pediatric and young adult patients with high-grade NRSTS who were treated on a prospective trial using limited-margin radiotherapy. METHODS: Sixty-two patients (ages 3-22 years) with predominantly high-grade NRSTS requiring radiation were treated on a phase 2 institutional study of conformal external-beam radiotherapy and/or brachytherapy using a 1.5-cm to 2-cm anatomically constrained margin. The estimated cumulative incidence of local failure, Gray's method estimated cumulative incidence of local failure, Kaplan-Meier method estimated survival, competing-risk regression model determined predictors of disease outcome, and toxicity was reported according to CTCAE v2.0. RESULTS: At a median follow-up of 5.1 years (range, 0.2-10.9 years), 9 patients had experienced local failure. The 5-year overall cumulative incidence of local failure was 14.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.2%-25%), and all but 1 local failure occurred outside the highest-dose irradiation volume. The 5-year Kaplan-Meier estimates for event-free and overall survival were 49.3% (95% CI, 36.3%-61.1%) and 67.9% (95% CI, 54.2%-78.3%), respectively. Multivariable analysis indicated that younger age was the only independent predictor of local recurrence (P = .004). The 5-year cumulative incidence of grade 3 or 4 late toxicity was 15% (95% CI, 7.2%-25.3%). CONCLUSIONS: The delivery of limited-margin radiotherapy using conformal external-beam radiotherapy or brachytherapy provides a high rate of local tumor control without an increase in marginal failures and with acceptable treatment-related morbidity. Cancer 2017;123:4419-29. © 2017 American Cancer Society.


Assuntos
Braquiterapia/métodos , Sarcoma/radioterapia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idade de Início , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Radioterapia Adjuvante , Sarcoma/epidemiologia , Sarcoma/patologia , Sarcoma Sinovial/epidemiologia , Sarcoma Sinovial/patologia , Sarcoma Sinovial/radioterapia , Análise de Sobrevida , Adulto Jovem
7.
Pediatr Blood Cancer ; 64(11)2017 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28440018

RESUMO

Clear cell sarcoma of kidney (CCSK) is a rare renal malignancy, previously unreported in horseshoe kidney (HSK). B-cell lymphoma 6 corepressor (BCOR) gene internal tandem duplication (ITD) was identified as a recurrent somatic alteration in approximately 85% of CCSKs. This and the YWHAE-NUTM2B/E fusion, the second most common recurrent molecular alteration in CCSK (10%), are considered to be mutually exclusive. However, there is a subset of CCSKs that do not harbor either the BCOR-ITD or YWHAE-NUTM2 translocation and lack known molecular alterations. Herein, we report the first case of CCSK arising in HSK and harboring epidermal growth factor receptor ITD.


Assuntos
Receptores ErbB/genética , Rim Fundido/patologia , Neoplasias Renais/patologia , Sarcoma de Células Claras/patologia , Rim Fundido/genética , Rim Fundido/radioterapia , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Lactente , Neoplasias Renais/genética , Neoplasias Renais/radioterapia , Masculino , Prognóstico , Sarcoma de Células Claras/genética , Sarcoma de Células Claras/radioterapia , Sequências de Repetição em Tandem
8.
Pediatr Blood Cancer ; 64(4)2017 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27897381

RESUMO

PURPOSE: Pathologic fractures occur in 5-10% of pediatric osteosarcoma (OS) cases and have historically been considered a contraindication to limb salvage. Our purpose was to describe the radiographic features of pathologic fracture and examine its impact on local recurrence rates, functional outcomes, and overall survival. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed patients at our institution from 1990 to 2015 with pathologic fracture at diagnosis or during neoadjuvant chemotherapy. We selected a control group of 50 OS patients of similar age and gender without pathologic fracture from 1990 to 2015. Functional outcomes were scored using Musculoskeletal Tumor Society criteria. Chi-square test was used for comparative analysis of groups. RESULTS: Thirty-six patients with 37 pathologic fractures form the study cohort. Of patients who received surgery, 18 of 34 patients with fracture underwent amputation compared to 8 of 48 patients in the nonfracture group (P = 0.007). Indications for amputation in fracture patients were tumor size (n = 7), neurovascular involvement (n = 6), and tumor progression during neoadjuvant chemotherapy (n = 5). Only one patient (2.9%) in the fracture group who underwent limb salvage suffered local recurrence. Of patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy, 25 of 34 fracture patients showed poor histological response compared to 24 of 47 nonfracture patients (P = 0.044). There was no statistically significant difference in overall survival (P = 0.96). Functional outcomes were significantly lower in fracture patients (median = 17.5) than nonfracture patients (median = 24) (P = 0.023). CONCLUSIONS: Radiographic features of pathologic fractures were highly variable in this population. Limb salvage surgery can be performed without increased risk of local recurrence. Patients with pathologic fracture suffer worse functional outcomes but no decrease in overall survival.


Assuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias Ósseas/complicações , Fraturas Ósseas/etiologia , Fraturas Espontâneas/etiologia , Osteossarcoma/complicações , Terapia de Salvação , Adolescente , Adulto , Neoplasias Ósseas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Ósseas/patologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Seguimentos , Fraturas Ósseas/patologia , Fraturas Ósseas/cirurgia , Fraturas Espontâneas/patologia , Fraturas Espontâneas/cirurgia , Humanos , Salvamento de Membro , Masculino , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Osteossarcoma/tratamento farmacológico , Osteossarcoma/patologia , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Taxa de Sobrevida , Adulto Jovem
9.
Pediatr Dermatol ; 34(3): e146-e149, 2017 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28382716
10.
Pediatr Blood Cancer ; 63(7): 1250-3, 2016 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26960180

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Complications in pediatric cancer patients after a gastrostomy (GT) placement have not been widely investigated. We aimed to evaluate the complication rate and nature of complications in this specific population. PROCEDURE: Medical records of pediatric cancer patients having a GT placed at our institution from 1998 to 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. Variables analyzed included gender, age, diagnosis, surgical procedure, GT device, duration of GT usage, absolute neutrophil count (ANC) level at surgery, and complications. RESULTS: One hundred seventy-one patients (92 males, 79 females), median age of 6 years (range, 0.2-21), who underwent 181 procedures (110 open, 59 endoscopic, and 12 laparoscopic) were identified. Diagnosis included central nervous system tumor (n = 101), solid tumor (n = 45), and leukemia/lymphoma (n = 25). A GT tube was used in 139 procedures and a GT button in 42. Median ANC level at procedure was 3,300/mm(3) (range, 0-38,988). Median duration of GT usage was 8 months (range, 0.2-142). One hundred seventy-seven complications occurred in 106 patients (61.9%) and were categorized as perioperative (<1 month after surgery, 20.3%) and late (>1 month after surgery, 79.7%). Major complications included 42 (23.7%) GT site infections and four (2.2%) intrabdominal complications. The most common minor complication was granulation tissue (28.8%). Younger age at procedure was associated with complications (P = 0.048) and an open technique was associated with GT site infection (P = 0.003). No statistical significance was observed between complications and gender, diagnosis, GT device, duration of GT usage, and ANC at procedure. CONCLUSIONS: Younger patients were more likely to have complications, and GT site infections were more common after open GT procedures.


Assuntos
Gastrostomia/efeitos adversos , Neoplasias/epidemiologia , Neoplasias/cirurgia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Tempo
11.
J Minim Access Surg ; 12(4): 373-4, 2016.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27251823

RESUMO

Video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) has been traditionally performed by a multi-port approach, but uniportal VATS is gaining popularity among thoracic surgeons. The use of only one intercostal space may result in less pain, but competition among camera and operating instruments may be a disadvantage. In children, the limited space in the thorax makes the uniportal VATS difficult to accomplish. We present a modification of the uniportal VATS, using a single skin incision but placing the thoracoscope in the superior or inferior intercostal space relative to the working instruments to increase instrument range of motion within a single intercostal space.

12.
Pediatr Dermatol ; 32(3): 348-52, 2015.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25721095

RESUMO

During the last 5 years, many studies have shown the efficacy of propranolol as first-line treatment for infantile hemangiomas (IHs), but not much has been written about the role of propranolol beyond the proliferation phase of IH (>1 year). Our aim was to assess propranolol efficacy and safety in the treatment of patients older than 1 year. A retrospective study of patients older than 1 year diagnosed with IH and treated in our vascular anomalies clinic between 2009 and 2013 was performed. Eighteen patients older than 1 year with a diagnosis of IH (15 girls, 3 boys) were identified. The mean age at the time of initiation of treatment was 25.7 months (range 13-72 mos). Single lesions were observed in 13 patients and multiple lesions in 5. Fifteen patients had focal lesions and three had segmental. The median duration of treatment with oral propranolol was 11.8 months (range 2-33 mos). Complete response was observed in 72.2% of the patients and partial response in 27.8%. Recurrence was observed in three patients 4.7 months after completion of therapy (range 0.3-8 mos). These patients required further therapy with propranolol for 6 more months. Bradycardia was documented in two patients and night terrors in one patient, which led to discontinuation of treatment. In our experience, propranolol may be useful in the treatment of IHs beyond the proliferation phase (>1 year old), but more studies are needed to support this observation.


Assuntos
Hemangioma/tratamento farmacológico , Propranolol/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/tratamento farmacológico , Vasodilatadores/uso terapêutico , Administração Oral , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Propranolol/administração & dosagem , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , Vasodilatadores/administração & dosagem
13.
Pediatr Dermatol ; 32(6): 853-7, 2015.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26447831

RESUMO

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Oral propranolol has been shown to be safe and effective in infants with infantile hemangioma (IH). Side effects such as sleep disturbances have been associated with propranolol. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral nadolol in a small series of patients whose propranolol therapy was discontinued due to sleep disturbances. METHODS: A retrospective study of patients with IHs who were treated with oral nadolol due to propranolol-related sleep disturbances at a pediatric tertiary care center between July 2008 and March 2013. Clinical response to oral nadolol and disappearance of propranolol-related side effects were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 97 patients presenting IH received oral propranolol. Nine patients (9.3%) developed sleep disturbances. Oral propranolol was discontinued in seven patients and switched to oral nadolol, with resolution of these side effects in 5 (71%) of the cases. One patient developed sleep disturbances again after four months of oral nadolol. LIMITATIONS: The sample size was too small to draw generalizable conclusions and to draw any statistical inference as to the incidence of sleep disturbances with nadolol therapy. CONCLUSIONS: The use of oral nadolol in the treatment of IH in our series of 7 patients, resolved the propranolol-related sleep disturbances in 5 (71%), while in one patient the symptoms recurred after 4 months of oral nadolol at a dose of 2 mg/kg/day. In most cases, switching beta-blockers did not compromise efficacy, and is recommended when sleep disturbance necessitates discontinuation of beta-blocker therapy of IH.


Assuntos
Hemangioma Capilar/tratamento farmacológico , Nadolol/administração & dosagem , Neoplasias Cutâneas/tratamento farmacológico , Transtornos do Sono-Vigília/induzido quimicamente , Administração Oral , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Pré-Escolar , Estudos de Coortes , Intervalos de Confiança , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Esquema de Medicação , Feminino , Hemangioma Capilar/congênito , Hemangioma Capilar/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Segurança do Paciente , Prognóstico , Propranolol/efeitos adversos , Propranolol/uso terapêutico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Neoplasias Cutâneas/congênito , Neoplasias Cutâneas/fisiopatologia , Transtornos do Sono-Vigília/fisiopatologia , Resultado do Tratamento , Suspensão de Tratamento
14.
Pediatr Dermatol ; 31(3): e80-1, 2014.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24117617

RESUMO

Abortive hemangioma (AH) is a true hemangioma of infancy that expresses glucose transporter-1 protein in the endothelial cells, with an arrested growth cycle. We present the rare case of a lumbosacral AH with intramedullary extension.


Assuntos
Dura-Máter/patologia , Hemangioma/patologia , Região Lombossacral/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Proliferação de Células , Transportador de Glucose Tipo 1/metabolismo , Hemangioma/metabolismo , Humanos , Lactente , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Neoplasias Cutâneas/metabolismo
15.
Pediatr Blood Cancer ; 60(9): 1478-81, 2013 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23609996

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: . This study aimed to clarify the combinatorial treatment effect of agents as aspirin and ticlopidine associated with vincristine in the management of Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon (KMP), a severe thrombocytopenic coagulopathy that occurs in the presence of an enlarging vascular tumor such as kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) and tufted angioma (TA). PROCEDURE: . A retrospective review was conducted of medical records of all children with diagnosis of KHE or TA associated with KMP treated with vincristine-aspirin-ticlopidine (VAT) therapy at two different institutions in the same country from 1994 to 2011. Clinical features, response to VAT therapy and outcomes were recorded. RESULTS: . Eleven patients (mean age 11 months, range 0-36), including seven females (64%) and four males (36%), were identified. Seven patients underwent incisional biopsy and two different histologies were found, KHE in four patients and TA in three patients. Tumors were located in the head and neck (n = 5), chest wall (n = 2), arm (n = 2) and retroperitoneum (n = 2). Mean platelet level was 10,200/mm(3) (range 4,000-21,000). A plaque-like lesion with ecchymosis was the most common cutaneous manifestation (63%). All patients underwent VAT therapy. Mean duration of treatment was 3.9 months for vincristine, 13.9 months for aspirin, and 13.4 months for ticlopidine. All patients are alive with a mean follow-up of 4.5 years (range, 2-17). CONCLUSIONS: . Antiaggregant therapy is helpful in combination with vincristine in the treatment of KMP associated with KHE and TA. Prognosis is excellent if severe thrombocytopenia is controlled despite failure in reduction of tumor size.


Assuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/administração & dosagem , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/tratamento farmacológico , Síndrome de Kasabach-Merritt/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Retroperitoneais/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Vasculares/tratamento farmacológico , Aspirina/administração & dosagem , Pré-Escolar , Equimose , Feminino , Seguimentos , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/sangue , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Síndrome de Kasabach-Merritt/sangue , Masculino , Inibidores da Agregação Plaquetária , Contagem de Plaquetas , Indução de Remissão , Neoplasias Retroperitoneais/sangue , Estudos Retrospectivos , Ticlopidina/administração & dosagem , Neoplasias Vasculares/sangue , Vincristina/administração & dosagem
16.
J Pediatr Hematol Oncol ; 35(7): 518-24, 2013 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23588334

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to analyze in detail the site of metastasis of stage 4 Wilms tumor (WT) and its correlation with outcome. The databases from 3 major European pediatric cancer institutions were screened for children with WT between 1994 and 2011. Of 208 children identified, 31 (14.9%) had metastases at diagnosis. The lung was affected in 29 children (93.5%) and the liver in 6 children (19.4%). Twenty-seven children (87.1%) had metastases isolated to 1 organ, with the lung being the most common site (80.7%). Five-year overall survival was significantly better in those children with distant disease in either lung or liver (95.8%) compared with those affected in both lung and liver (57.1%, P=0.028). Further, prognostic markers were the response of metastases to preoperative chemotherapy (P=0.0138), high-risk histology (P=0.024), and local stage (P=0.026). Five-year overall survival was 82.1% and 5-year event-free survival was 67.9%. The overall follow-up time was 74.1 and 87.2 (2 to 151) months among survivors, and the treatment-related complication rate was 16.7%. In conclusion, in our series of stage 4 WT, prognosis was excellent if histology was favorable, metastatic disease was isolated to either lungs or liver, and if metastases responded to preoperative chemotherapy.


Assuntos
Tumor de Wilms/mortalidade , Tumor de Wilms/patologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Terapia Combinada , Bases de Dados Factuais , Feminino , Seguimentos , Alemanha , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Metástase Neoplásica , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Prognóstico , Recidiva , Estudos Retrospectivos , Espanha , Resultado do Tratamento , Tumor de Wilms/terapia
17.
Ann Vasc Surg ; 27(6): 820-5, 2013 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23880459

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: We sought to retrospectively analyze the clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes of patients with Parkes Weber syndrome (PWS) who were treated at a single institution. METHODS: A retrospective review was conducted of medical records of all patients with PWS treated at La Paz Children's Hospital between 1994 and 2010. RESULTS: Ten patients (median age, 14.8 years [range, 2-52 years]) were identified, including 7 women and 3 men. Six patients presented with lower limb hypertrophy and capillary malformation at birth, and both the right and left lower extremities were equally involved. Severe tricuspid insufficiency was observed in 1 patient. The median dysmetria between both lower extremities was 2.19 cm. Four patients are being treated successfully with compression garment therapy. Three patients underwent resection of multiple arteriovenous nidus. Three patients had palliative embolizations. One patient required above the knee amputation secondary to ischemia and chronic severe pain. CONCLUSIONS: The early recognition of PWS is required to establish the most appropriate treatment and prevent short-term morbidity and unnecessary invasive diagnostic tests. Treatment should be individualized according to the age and clinical features of each patient. Although initial conservative management is recommended, surgery continues to play an important role in order to improve the quality of life in these patients.


Assuntos
Bandagens Compressivas , Análise Mutacional de DNA/métodos , Diagnóstico por Imagem/métodos , Embolização Terapêutica/métodos , Síndrome de Sturge-Weber/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , DNA/genética , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mutação , Estudos Retrospectivos , Síndrome de Sturge-Weber/genética , Síndrome de Sturge-Weber/terapia , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto Jovem , Proteína p120 Ativadora de GTPase/genética , Proteína p120 Ativadora de GTPase/metabolismo
18.
Pediatr Surg Int ; 29(7): 703-8, 2013 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23708972

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Infantile fibrosarcoma (IFS) is an uncommon soft-tissue sarcoma. Here we review our experience treating this tumor. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed records of patients with IFS treated at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital between 1980 and 2009. RESULTS: We identified 15 patients, 8 girls and 7 boys; 13 white and 2 black. Median age at diagnosis was 3 months. Primary sites included the leg (n = 3), chest wall (n = 2), foot (n = 2), and one each in the tongue, occipital region, axilla, parascapular region, arm, forearm, retroperitoneum, and thigh. All patients underwent resection; 11 upfront surgery, and 4 delayed. Complications included loss of the posterior tibial nerve and artery, axillary vein, biceps, pectoralis major, gallbladder, and transverse/sigmoid sinus. Eight received chemotherapy and three radiotherapy. Seven experienced local recurrence and three lung metastasis. Median follow-up was 65 months. At the time of the review, 12 patients were alive and 3 had died. All deaths were in patients older than 1 year at diagnosis with an axial primary site. CONCLUSIONS: Non-mutilating surgery should be the primary treatment for IFS. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is indicated when upfront resection is unfeasible. Patients with positive surgical margins should receive adjuvant chemotherapy. Radiotherapy is indicated for axial primary sites where complete resection is impossible.


Assuntos
Fibrossarcoma/terapia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/terapia , Feminino , Fibrossarcoma/diagnóstico , Seguimentos , Humanos , Lactente , Neoplasias Pulmonares/secundário , Neoplasias Pulmonares/terapia , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Tennessee , Resultado do Tratamento
19.
Pediatr Hematol Oncol ; 29(1): 50-4, 2012 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22304010

RESUMO

The purpose of this study was to retrospectively analyze the clinical presentation, treatment, and outcomes of children with Wilms tumor (WT) and intravascular extension who were treated at a single institution. A retrospective review was conducted of medical records of all children with Wilms tumor and intravascular extension treated at Virgen del Rocio Children's Hospital between 1992 and 2010. Seven patients (median age 3.4 years, range 2-8.1 years) were identified. At diagnosis, 6 of the 7 patients (85.7%) presented with tumor thrombus that reached the right atrium (RA) and 1 patient with infrahepatic inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombus. All patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (SIOP 2001 protocol) with vincristine, doxorubicin, and actinomycin D. Regression of the intravascular extension of the tumor was documented in all patients. Postchemotherapy level of extension was suprahepatic IVC in 1 patient, infrahepatic IVC in 2 patients, renal vein (RV) in 1 patient, and RA in 3 patients. Nephrectomy and thrombectomy were performed in all cases, requiring cardiopulmonary bypass for the 4 patients who presented with suprahepatic IVC and RA thrombus. The other 3 patients with infrahepatic IVC and RV involvement underwent cavotomy and thrombus extraction. Computed tomography, ultrasonography, and echocardiography were used for diagnosis and follow-up. All patients remain disease-free with a median follow-up of 6.3 years (range, 2-19 years). Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for WT with intravascular extension may facilitate the resection by decreasing the extent of the tumor thrombus. Cardiopulmonary bypass is indicated for suprahepatic IVC and RA involvement. Accurate diagnostic imaging is necessary.


Assuntos
Trombose/mortalidade , Trombose/cirurgia , Tumor de Wilms/mortalidade , Tumor de Wilms/terapia , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/administração & dosagem , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efeitos adversos , Ponte Cardiopulmonar/métodos , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Dactinomicina/administração & dosagem , Dactinomicina/efeitos adversos , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Trombólise Mecânica/métodos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Taxa de Sobrevida , Trombose/etiologia , Vincristina/administração & dosagem , Vincristina/efeitos adversos , Tumor de Wilms/complicações
20.
Ecancermedicalscience ; 16: 1356, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35510137

RESUMO

Most children with tumors will require one or more surgical interventions as part of the care and treatment, including making a diagnosis, obtaining adequate venous access, performing a surgical resection for solid tumors (with staging and reconstruction), performing procedures for cancer prevention and its late effects, and managing complications of treatment; all with the goal of improving survival and quality of life. It is important for surgeons to adhere to sound pediatric surgical oncology principles, as they are closely associated with improved local control and survival. Unfortunately, there is a significant disparity in survival rates in low and middle income countries, when compared to those from high income countries. The International Society of Paediatric Surgical Oncology (IPSO) is the leading organization that deals with pediatric surgical oncology worldwide. This organization allows experts in the field from around the globe to gather and address the surgical needs of children with cancer. IPSO has been invited to contribute surgical guidance as part of the World Health Organization Initiative for Childhood Cancer. One of our goals is to provide surgical guidance for different scenarios, including those experienced in High- (HICs) and Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). With this in mind, the following guidelines have been developed by authors from both HICs and LMICs. These have been further validated by experts with the aim of providing evidence-based information for surgeons who care for children with cancer. We hope that this initiative will benefit children worldwide in the best way possible. Simone Abib, IPSO President Justin T Gerstle, IPSO Education Committee Chair Chan Hon Chui, IPSO Secretary.

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