RESUMO
After the identification of GV150526, the indole-2-carboxylate template was further explored in order to identify novel potential anti-stroke agents. In particular, the SAR of the side chain present at the C-3 position of the indole nucleus was widely studied. In this paper, the synthesis and the pharmacological profile of a further class of conformationally restricted analogues of GV150526 as in vitro and in vivo potent glycine antagonists is reported. In particular, a pyrazolidinone derivative was identified as a potent neuroprotective agent in animal models of cerebral ischaemia.
Assuntos
Glicina/antagonistas & inibidores , Indóis/síntese química , Animais , Sítios de Ligação/efeitos dos fármacos , Indóis/farmacologia , Masculino , Camundongos , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/síntese química , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/uso terapêutico , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Convulsões/prevenção & controle , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/prevenção & controle , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
The newly introduced polychaete Linopherus canariensis Langerhans, 1881 was found in the Lake of Faro (NE Sicily), during a study comparing the macrobenthos in artificial modules with a neighboring sandy bottom assemblage. Of a total of 4465 specimens, almost 6% showed morphological variation related to branchial turfs and mean body size. The sandy bottom exhibited an average density of 41.86 ind L⻹ and a wet biomass of 30.35 mg L⻹, whereas the artificial substratum reached levels of 205.29 ind L⻹ and 318.44 mg L⻹. The highest estimated immigration rate was 3.7 ind L⻹d⻹ (5.8 mg L⻹ d⻹). In the artificial microhabitat, 0.4% of the population showed mid-anterior fragmentation, with anterior- (2%), mid- (< 1%) and posterior- (1%) regenerating lineages, which contributed significantly to the dispersion ability of this species. L. canariensis was a selective micro-deposit feeder, even under conditions of reduced sediments. Linopherus was found to be a new potential invader of stressed environments that is probably tied to the import of oysters.
Assuntos
Espécies Introduzidas , Poliquetos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Migração Animal , Animais , Ecossistema , Comportamento Alimentar , Filogenia , Densidade Demográfica , Dinâmica Populacional , SicíliaRESUMO
Compounds 2 and 3 were designed in order to probe the North-East region of the strichnine-insensitive glycine binding site of the NMDA receptor. The two products were obtained readily by a tandem aldol condensation-lactonization-elimination step which affords the desired E isomer with complete regioselection.
Assuntos
Antagonistas de Aminoácidos Excitatórios/síntese química , Glicina/antagonistas & inibidores , Receptores de N-Metil-D-Aspartato/química , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Lactonas/química , Receptores de N-Metil-D-Aspartato/antagonistas & inibidoresRESUMO
A novel series of indole-2-carboxylate analogues of GV150526 (1) in which the propenoic double bond was substituted with different "probes" or replaced by a isosteric cyclopropyl moiety were synthesized and evaluated for their affinity profile in order to obtain further information on the pharmacophoric model of the glycine binding site associated to the NMDA receptor.