[Antiedematous effect of polyosm in rats with freezing lesion of brain].

Effect of the intravenous injection of polyosm (30% solution of polyethylene oxide with a molecular mass of 400, PEO-400) was investigated on Wistar rats with a model of brain edema induced by a freezing lesion in one cerebral hemisphere. The brain edema development was estimated by measuring the active resistance of tissues in the right and left parietal cortex and the content of water in both hemispheres. A course of the intravenous injections of polyosm (1 g/kg of PEO-400 daily during 3 days) after the model lesion onset decreased the initially elevated active resistance in the edematous cerebral tissue and reduced water accumulation in the damaged hemisphere.

[Determination of the formation of hydrogen sulfide in a dry differentiating medium of the Kligler agar type]. / Opredelenie obazovaniia serovodoroda v sukhoi differentsiruiushchei srede tipa agara Kliglera.

The indicator system for hydrogen sulfide detection in media analogous to Kligler's agar, intended for the primary identification of enterobacteria, has been studied. The indicator system under study, in contrast to the known formulas, contains sodium metabisulfite for improving the capacity for detecting hydrogen sulfide production in bacteria which produce it in small amounts from inorganic sulfur compounds.

[Escherichia coli with the K1 antigen isolated in pyelonephritis in children]. / Escherichia coli s antigenom K1, vydelennye pri pielonefrite u detei.

The identification of K antigens in 113 E. coli strains isolated from the urine of 62 pyelonephritis patients was carried out. 84 strains were found to possess K antigens. The presence of K antigens was revealed in strains both in the S-form (67 cultures) and in the R-form (17 cultures). Among the strains with K antigens the presence of K1 antigen was revealed in 41.7 +/- 6.5% of cases. K1 antigen was found in combination with eight groups of O antigens (01, 02, 04, 017, 018, 050, 077, 0141) and with R antigens. The above-mentioned E. coli strains were isolated from 16 patients; of these, 3 patients had chronic pyelonephritis.

[Isolation of bacteria of the Klebsiella genus in diarrhea in polar researchers]. / O vydelenii bakterii triby Klebsiellaeae pri diaree u poliarnikov.

Representatives of Klebsiellae tribe (K. pneumoniae, Ent. cloacae, Ent, aerogenes) were isolated in examination of pharyngeal discharge and feces of members of the polar expedition suffering from diarrhea and their contacts; the same microbes were revealed in the antarctic lake which served as the source of drinking water. The mentioned bacteria possessed typical cultural and morphological, as well as biochemical properties. K34 serovar was determined in serological identification of Kl. pneumonia. At the same time it was demonstrated that Klebsiella--representatives of Enterobacteriaceae could be facultative psychophils and persist in the external environment under low temperature conditions; entering human organism they could cause diarrhea, i.e. could act as pathogens.

[Biological characteristics of enteropathogenic escherichia of serologic group 015:K]. / Biologicheskaia kharakteristika énteropatogennykh ésherikhii serologicheskoi gruppy 015:K

A study was made of 239 strains of enteropathogenic escherichia 0151:K-- isolated in various regions of the USSR from patients with the clinical diagnosis of dysentery, gastroenteritis, intestinal coli-infection: a standard strain of the international collection of escherichia belonging to the given serological group was also studied. There was shown an increase in the role of these microorganisms among the enteropathogenic escherichia recorded at the territory of the USSR; they occupied the third place by the frequency of isolation after the serological group 0124:K72 and 0111:K58. There was established a common nature of the enzymatic characteristics of escherichia 0151:K--with shigellae by the absence of lactose, sucrose, inosite, adonite fermentation, the presence of gasless, immobile variants containing no lysin decarboxylase, and a possibility of rapid differentiation from shigellae in the use of acetate medium. Among the escherichia 0151:K--there was revealed the presence of 5 biotypes by the capacity to gas-formation in glucose, arabinose, sorbit, dulcit fermentation, and decarboxylation of lysin and ornithin; three biotypes are described for the first time. Industrial issue of the agglutinating serum 0151:K--is necessary to provide the diagnosis of these microorganisms at the territory of the USSR.

[Temperature-dependent mutants of Hly plasmid and their use for the purpose of confirming the cytotoxic activity of E. coli hemolysin]. / Temperaturozavisimye mutanty plazmidy Hly i ikh ispol'zovanie s tsel'iu dokazatel'stva tsitotoksicheskoi aktivnosti gemolizina E. coli

Two different mutants of Hly 212 plasmide induced by diethyl sulfate were isolated; one of these was characterized by temperature-dependent synthesis, and the other--by temperature-sensitivity of hemolysin produced. In difference from bacteria possessing wild parental plasmide, E. coli K12 bacteria which contained the mutants produced no cytotoxic action on the MK2 cell culture. This correlated with the absence of the hemolytic activity in growing them even at permissible temperature on medium No 199. After crossing the mutant plasmides there were obtained clones with completely restored wild phenotype of the hemolysin production and the cytotoxic activity. The data obtained pointed to the relationship between the cytotoxicity and hemolysin.

[A new variant, for the USSR, of enteropathogenic escherichia 0151:K--, isolated from acute intestinal diseases under the conditional name "Crimea"]. / O novoi dlia SSSR raznovidnosti énteropatogennykh ésherikhii 0151:K--, vydeliaemykh pri ostrykh kishechnykh zabolevaniiakh pod uslovnym oboznacheniem "Krym"

A study was made of enteropathogenic escherichia "Krym" isolated in the USSR from patients with acute enteric diseases; their antigenic structure was unknown. Also cultures of new serological groups officially recorded as standard test-strains were investigated. By its antigenic structure "Krym" escherichia corresponded to the standard strain of the international set 0151:K--. Along with the H10 antigen described earlier "Krym" escherichia proved to possess H11 antigen; these two serological types of escherichia were revealed in the USSR, i.e. 0151:K--: H10 and 0151:K--: H11. The statement on the presence of a new H50 antigen described in escherichia 880-67 with an antigenic formula of 0151:K--: H50 should be revised due to its complex identity with the 0151: K--: H10 strain. For proper serological identification the conditioned name "Krym" should be replaced by "escherichia of serological group 0151:K--".

[Data on the biological characteristics of serological group O4 Escherichia isolated in acute intestinal diseases]. / Materialy k biologicheskoikharakteristike ésherikhii serologicheskoi gruppy O4, vydelennykh pri ostrykh kishechnykh zabolevaniiakh

A study was made of 155 strains of E. coli of the O4 serological group isolated from sick children and adults during group and sporadic acute intestinal diseases), from persons who came in contact with them, and also from healthy persons during prophylactic examination; three standard cultures were examined as well. Along with strains with a typical enzymatic activity there were strains which produced retarded lactose fermentation and also gas-free, immobile and lysin-negative strains resembling Shigellae. Eight biochemical types were determined among E. coli 04. A study of the antigenic structure by cross agglutinin adsorption indicated identicity of the strains by O-antigen and their difference by the K- and H-antigens. Circulation of E. coli of serological types O4: K12(L): H1,O4: K3(L): H5,O4: K3(L): H12,04: K12(L): H40,04: K52(L): H4, and O4: K12(L) HII was revealed; the first two serological types prevailed. Serological types of O4: K3(L):H12, O4: K12(L): HI and O4: K12(L): H40, isolated in cases of group and sporadic acute intestinal diseases were described for the first time.

[Evaluation of a complex method of identifying enteropathogenic Escherichia using O- and H-sera and a rational combination of biochemical tests]. / Aprobatsiia kompleksnoi metodiki identifikatsii énteropatogennykh ésherikhii s ispol'zovaniem O-, H-syvorotok i ratsional-nogo nabora biokhimicheskikh testov.

A complex method for the identification of enteropathogenic Escherichia by means of adsorbed monogroup and factor O-sera, H-sera and a rational combination of biochemical tests (using triple sugar iron agar or Kligler iron agar, Simmons citrate agar, phenylalanine-, urea-, sodium malonate-containing media, indole broth, medium for mobility determination) was evaluated. The use of adsorbed monogroup O-sera in the slide agglutination test reduced the time of the study and increased its accuracy by 20.0 +/- 2.5% (6.9 +/- 2.5% to 52.4 +/- 11.1% for Escherichia of different O-groups) in comparison with the generally accepted method. The use factor O-sera and H-sera and H-sera revealed the circulation of the same O-groups belonging to different serovars and differing in partial composition a O-antigen (of the type ab - ac) and in H-antigens, which should be taken into consideration for epidemiological purposes. The combination of biochemical tests ensured correct determination of the genus of the organisms under study. The tested method is recommended for practical use.

[Serologic groups of O-antigens of E. coli isolated from urinary tract infections within the boundaries of the USSR and East Germany]. / Serologicheskie gruppy O-antigenov E. coli, vydelennykh pri infektsiiakh mochevykh putei na territoriiakh SSSR i GDR.

A total of 373 E. coli strains, isolated in urinary tract infections from children and adults in Rostock (GDR) and Moscow (USSR), were found to belong to 63 O-groups. E. coli isolated in Rostock belonged to 36 O-groups, and in Moscow to 53 O-groups. The occurrence of E. coli serogroups in the dominating O-groups (more than 2% of the total number of strains) in Rostock (O1, O2, O4, O6, O7, O8, O9, O15, O21, O25, O75, O102) differed from that in Moscow (O1, O2, O4, O6, O8, O9, O15, O16, O17, O18, O25, O28, O73, O75) in composition and frequency, in Rostock the predominant E. coli groups being O2, O4, O6, O7, O9, O21, O75, O102, while in Moscow O1, O8, O15, O16, O17, O18, O25, O28, O73. The partial O-antigen composition of E. coli strains belonging to the same O-groups, isolated in Rostock and Moscow, was different in groups O1, O2, O125.

Antiarrhythmic activity of n-tyrosol during acute myocardial ischemia and reperfusion.

Antiarrhythmic activity of n-tyrosol was demonstrated on the model of early occlusion and reperfusion arrhythmia. The preparation reduces the incidence of ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation, increases the percent of animals without ventricular arrhythmia, and moderates the severity of developing ventricular arrhythmias.

[Surgical tactics for sex correction of patients with testicular forms of hermaphroditism]. / Khirurgicheskaia taktika pri operatsiiakh korrektsii pola u bol'nykh s testikuliarnymi formami germafroditizma

On the basis of own material (43 patients) the author presents surgical tactics towards the testes in patients with testicular forms of hermaphroditism depending on the form of the disease. The authors consider that in the syndrome of dysgenesia of the testes the latter should be removed from the abdominal cavity (oncological danger!): when female sex is chosen--castration, and male--fixation of the testes under abdominal skin is indicated. In case of the syndrome of testicular feminization the testicles should be fixated under the abdominal skin by the authors' method. In case of the syndrome of incomplete masculinization (eunichoid form) the tactics is the same as in testicular feminization; in android form the testicles can be placed into the scrotum. Biopsy of the testes is necessary in all forms of hermaphroditism.

[Prolactin level in congenital adrenal cortex dysfunction]. / Issledovanie prolaktina u bol'nykh vrozhdennoi disfunktsiei kory nadpochechnikov.

Study of prolactin secretion in patients with congenital adrenal cortex dysfunction demonstrated that the majority of untreated patients displayed elevated blood prolactin content. Blood prolactin level fell after treatment with glucocorticosteroids. Blood prolactin level was elevated, irrespective of normal or increased 24-hour 17-CS excretion in patients with congenital adrenal gland dysfunction treated with glucocorticosteroids and with persistent disturbances of ovarian function.

[Morphology of the ovaries in congenital virilization of the external genitalia in persons with genetic and gonadal female sex]. / Morfologiia iaichnikov pri vrozhdennoi virilizatsii naruzhnykh genitalii u lits s geneticheskim i gonadnym zhenskim polom

A study was made of the resected ovarian tissue in 7 patients with congenital virilization of the external genitalia (CVEG). In patients with CVEG there occurred not very pronounced changes in the ovaries seen in diencephalic syndromes with the involvement of the ovaries into the pathological process (hypertrophy of the theca interna cells of the cystically changed follicles, hyperplasia of the intestinal tissue of the cortical layer with the transformation of individual cells into epithelioid, etc.). There were clinical signs indicating an acceleration of maturation of the diencephalic structures (some tendency to the acceleration of sexual development, and distinct signs of diencephalic pathology on the EEG). A conclusion was drawn that in the patients with CVEG the ovaries do not serve as the source of andronization of the organism. It is supposed that in these patients the source of hyperandronization existed at the period of formation of the external genitalia of the fetus and that the adrenal cortex of the fetus could serve as this source.

[Effectiveness of clomiphene treatment in anovulatory conditions]. / Ob effektivnosti lecheniia klomifenom pri anovuliatornykh sostoianiiakh

The paper presents, the data on the treatment of 74 patients with anovular conditions varying by the pathogenesis, with klomiphen. Three groups of patients were distinguished depending on the therapeutic efficacy: the 1st group with a complete clinical effect, the 2nd group with a partial clinical effect, and the 3rd group - without any effect. In comparing the therapeutic efficacy with the data of gonadotropin examination it was revealed that the outcome of the therapy failed to depend on the initial LH and FSH level. However, there was revealed a reliable dependence of the therapeutic efficacy on the LH/FSH ratio: the nearer the LH/FSH ratio approached 1, the more effective was klomiphen therapy. Thus the LH/FSH ratio could be regarded as the criterion of choice of the patients for the klomiphen therapy, and could also be used for the prognostication of the results of treatment.

[Testicular tumors in male pseudohermaphroditism]. / Opukholi gonad pri lozhnom muzhskom germafroditizme.

The data are summarized on the incidence and morphofunctional characteristics of gonadal tumors in different varieties of false male hermaphroditism, namely the testicular feminization syndrome (marked and unmarked forms), demonstrable masculinization and dysgenesis and compared with the disease clinical manifestations. The two syndromes--testicular feminization (marked form) and dysgenesis were found to be associated with a high risk of cancer development. In the first case there develop sertolioma-like tumors and in the second one, tumors similar to gonocytoma and dysgerminoma. These tumors became malignant in rare cases, they did not recur or metastasize. The treatment schedule for such patients has been developed. It includes the removal of the tumor-affected gonads and transfer of the tumor-free gonads into subcutaneous abdominal or scrotal areas and administration (during castration) of continuous substitution hormonotherapy according to the sex chosen.