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1.
Int J Clin Pharm ; 44(5): 1216-1221, 2022 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35794285

RESUMO

In many jurisdictions pharmacists share prescribing responsibilities with other members of the primary care team. Responsibility for deprescribing, the healthcare professional supervised withdrawal of medications that are no longer needed, has not been assumed by a specific member of the primary care team. In this commentary we describe implementation of pharmacist-led deprescribing in collaborative primary care settings using the seven components of knowledge translation. Patient and stakeholder engagement shaped the deprescribing intervention. The intervention was implemented in three collaborative primary care clinics in two Canadian provinces. The evaluation included measures of medication appropriateness, patient satisfaction, and healthcare professional satisfaction. Pharmacist-led deprescribing in primary care was acceptable to both patients and healthcare professionals and demonstrated a reduction of medications deemed to confer more risk than benefit. Our findings support successes in pharmacist-led deprescribing. Future work is needed to understand how to successfully implement and evaluate pharmacist-led deprescribing more widely.


Assuntos
Desprescrições , Farmacêuticos , Humanos , Canadá , Pessoal de Saúde , Atenção Primária à Saúde
2.
Trials ; 22(1): 763, 2021 Nov 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34727956

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Medication overload or problematic polypharmacy is a major problem causing widespread harm, particularly to older adults. Taking multiple medications increases the risk of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs), and residents in long-term care (LTC) are frequently prescribed 10 or more medications at once. One strategy to address this problem is for the physician and/or pharmacist to perform regular medication reviews; however, this process can be complicated and time-consuming. With a prescription review, medications may be decreased, changed, or stopped altogether. MedReviewRx is a software that runs an analysis using deprescribing rules to produce a report to guide medication reviews addressing medication overload for residents in LTC. METHODS: This study will employ a mixed methods effectiveness-implementation hybrid type 2 study design. To measure effectiveness, a stepped wedge cluster randomized trial design is planned, which allows us to approximate a randomized clinical trial. Approximately 1000 residents living in LTC will be recruited from five facilities in New Brunswick. The study will begin with 3 months of baseline data on rates of deprescribing. Thereafter, every 3 months a new cluster will enter the intervention mode. The intervention consists of medication reviews augmented with the MedReviewRx software, which will be used by staff and clinicians in the facilities. The estimated study duration is 18 months and the main outcome will be the proportion of patients with one or more PIMs deprescribed (reduced/stopped or changed to a safer alternative) in the 90 days following a prescription review. The goal is to study the impact of MedReviewRx on medication overload among older adults living in LTC. In typical fashion of a stepped wedge cluster randomized trial, each cluster acts as an internal control (before and after) as well as a control for the other clusters (external control). Qualitative data collected will include resident/caregiver attitudes towards deprescribing and semi-structured interviews with staff working in the long-term care homes. DISCUSSION: This study design addresses issues with seasonality and allows all clusters to participate in the intervention, which is an advantage when the intervention is related to quality improvement. This study will provide valuable information on PIM use, cost savings, and facilitators and challenges associated with medication reviews and deprescribing. This study represents an important step towards understanding and promoting tools to guide safe and rational reduction of PIM use among older adults. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT04762303 , Registered February 21, 2021.


Assuntos
Desprescrições , Idoso , Eletrônica , Humanos , Casas de Saúde , Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde , Polimedicação , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Software
3.
Can J Hosp Pharm ; 71(2): 128-134, 2018.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29736046

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Medication reconciliation at transitions of care increases patient safety. Collection of an accurate best possible medication history (BPMH) on admission is a key step. National quality indicators are used as surrogate markers for BPMH quality, but no literature on their accuracy exists. Obtaining a high-quality BPMH is often labour- and resource-intensive. Pharmacy students are now being assigned to obtain BPMHs, as a cost-effective means to increase BPMH completion, despite limited information to support the quality of BPMHs obtained by students relative to other health care professionals. OBJECTIVES: To determine whether the national quality indicator of using more than one source to complete a BPMH is a true marker of quality and to assess whether BPMHs obtained by pharmacy students were of quality equal to those obtained by nurses. METHODS: This prospective trial compared BPMHs for the same group of patients collected by nurses and by trained pharmacy students in the emergency departments of 2 sites within a large health network over a 2-month period (July and August 2016). Discrepancies between the 2 versions were identified by a pharmacist, who determined which party (nurse, pharmacy student, or both) had made an error. A panel of experts reviewed the errors and ranked their severity. RESULTS: BPMHs were prepared for a total of 40 patients. Those prepared by nurses were more likely to contain an error than those prepared by pharmacy students (171 versus 43 errors, p = 0.006). There was a nonsignificant trend toward less severe errors in BPMHs completed by pharmacy students. There was no significant difference in the mean number of errors in relation to the specified quality indicator (mean of 2.7 errors for BPMHs prepared from 1 source versus 4.8 errors for BPMHs prepared from ≥ 2 sources, p = 0.08). CONCLUSIONS: The surrogate marker (number of BPMH sources) may not reflect BPMH quality. However, it appears that BPMHs prepared by pharmacy students had fewer errors and were of similar quality (in terms of clinically significant errors) relative to those prepared by nurses.


CONTEXTE: L'établissement du bilan comparatif des médicaments au moment du transfert des soins accroît la sécurité des patients. L'obtention d'un meilleur schéma thérapeutique possible (MSTP) exact à l'admission en est une étape clé. Des indicateurs nationaux de la qualité sont utilisés comme critères de substitution pour évaluer la qualité des MSTP, mais il n'y a pas de documentation se penchant sur leur exactitude. Obtenir un MSTP de grande qualité est souvent exigeant sur le plan du personnel et des ressources. Des étudiants en pharmacie se voient maintenant confier l'élaboration de MSTP, une façon peu coûteuse d'accroître les taux de réalisation de MSTP; or, il n'y a que peu d'information pour valider le degré de qualité des MSTP obtenus par des étudiants en comparaison avec ceux produits par d'autres professionnels de la santé. OBJECTIFS: Déterminer si l'indicateur national de qualité basé sur le recours à plus d'une source de renseignements pour réaliser un MSTP est un vrai marqueur de qualité et évaluer la qualité relative des MSTP de la part des étudiants en pharmacie et du personnel infirmier. MÉTHODES: Dans la présente étude prospective réalisée sur une période de deux mois (en juillet et en août 2016), les chercheurs ont comparé les MSTP recueillis auprès du même groupe de patients par du personnel infirmier et par des étudiants en pharmacie qualifiés dans les services des urgences de deux établissements faisant partie d'un important réseau de santé. Un pharmacien relevait les divergences entre les deux versions du MSTP et imputait l'erreur soit au personnel infirmier, soit à l'étudiant en pharmacie ou soit aux deux parties. Un groupe d'experts a étudié les erreurs et leur a accordé une cote selon leur degré de gravité. RÉSULTATS: Des MSTP ont été réalisés auprès de 40 patients. Ceux préparés par le personnel infirmier étaient plus susceptibles de contenir une erreur que ceux établis par les étudiants en pharmacie (171 contre 43 erreurs, p = 0,006). On a noté une tendance non significative selon laquelle les erreurs commises par les étudiants en pharmacie étaient moins graves. Aucune différence significative n'a été relevée quant au nombre moyen d'erreurs par rapport à l'indicateur de qualité (2,7 pour les MSTP provenant d'une source contre 4,8 pour les MSTP provenant de deux sources ou plus, p = 0,08). CONCLUSIONS: Le critère de substitution (nombre de sources pour le MSTP) pourrait ne pas être représentatif de la qualité du MSTP. Cependant, il semble que les MSTP préparés par les étudiants en pharmacie comportaient moins d'erreurs et étaient de qualité comparable (quant aux erreurs cliniquement significatives) à ceux établis par le personnel infirmier.

4.
Can J Hosp Pharm ; 66(3): 171-6, 2013 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23814284

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: CSHP 2015 objective 1.5 proposes that at least 50% of recently hospitalized patients or their caregivers will recall speaking with a pharmacist while in the hospital. OBJECTIVE: To determine the baseline prevalence of patients' recall of interaction with a pharmacist during their hospital admission and their level of satisfaction with these encounters, following a major reorganization of health authorities in New Brunswick. METHODS: Former inpatients from 27 units in 9 hospitals in the Horizon Health Network were randomly selected to complete a telephone survey within 5 to 7 months after discharge from hospital. Patients' responses were validated against pharmacists' documentation in the patients' health records. RESULTS: From June 2010 to July 2011, a total of 1028 former inpatients were screened, of whom 399 completed the telephone survey. More than half of the respondents were women (225 [56.4%]), and the mean age was 67 years. Overall, 184 patients (46.1%) recalled speaking with a pharmacist during their recent admission. Of these, 164 (89.1%) were "satisfied" or "very satisfied" with these interactions. In addition, 332 respondents (83.2%) indicated that if the hospital offered the opportunity to talk with a pharmacist who could help answer their questions about medications, they would take advantage of this service. The electronic hospital records of 181 patients (from 15 units at 3 sites) were analyzed to seek evidence of pharmacists' interventions or encounters (e.g., medication history, consultation). Pharmacist documentation was found in the health records of 166 (91.7%) of all patients in this sample. CONCLUSIONS: Almost half of former inpatients recalled speaking with a pharmacist during a recent hospital admission. The majority of patients were satisfied with these interactions and would welcome future services from hospital pharmacists.


CONTEXTE: L'objectif 1.5 visé du projet SCPH 2015 est qu'au moins 50 % des patients hospitalisés récemment ou leurs aidants naturels se souviendront d'avoir rencontré un pharmacien au cours de leur épisode de soins. OBJECTIF: Déterminer la proportion initiale de patients qui se souviennent avoir interagi avec un pharmacien durant leur séjour à l'hôpital et leur degré de satisfaction par rapport à ces rencontres, par suite d'une importante réorganisation des régies de la santé du Nouveau-Brunswick. MÉTHODES: Des patients qui avaient été admis dans 27 unités de 9 hôpitaux du Réseau de santé Horizon qui avaient été hospitalisés ont été choisis au hasard pour répondre à un sondage téléphonique dans les 5 à 7 mois suivant leur congé de l'hôpital. Les réponses des patients ont été validées en les comparant aux notes des pharmaciens dans les dossiers des patients. RÉSULTATS: Du mois de juin 2010 au mois de juillet 2011, un nombre total de 1028 patients ayant été hospitalisés ont été présélectionnés et 399 d'entre eux ont répondu au sondage téléphonique. Plus de la moitié des répondants étaient des femmes (225 [56,4 %]) et l'âge moyen des répondants était de 67 ans. Dans l'ensemble, 184 patients (46,1 %) se souvenaient avoir parlé à un pharmacien durant leur récente hospitalisation. De ceux-ci, 164 (89,1 %) se sont dits « satisfaits ¼ ou « très satisfaits ¼ de leur rencontre. De plus, 153 (83,2 %) des répondants ont indiqué que si l'hôpital leur donnait l'occasion de parler à un pharmacien qui pourrait les aider à trouver des réponses à leurs questions sur les médicaments, ils profiteraient de ce service. Les dossiers informatisés de 181 patients (de 15 unités dans 3 sites) ont été analysés à la recherche de notes concernant les interventions des pharmaciens ou les rencontres avec ceux-ci (p. ex., historique des médicaments, consultation). Des notes de pharmaciens ont été trouvées dans les dossiers médicaux de 166 (91,7 %) de l'ensemble des patients de cet échantillon. CONCLUSIONS: Près de la moitié des patients se sont souvenus avoir parlé à un pharmacien durant leur récente hospitalisation. La majorité d'entre eux se sont dits satisfaits de ces interactions et seraient ouverts à se prévaloir des services de pharmaciens d'hôpitaux à l'avenir. [Traduction par l'éditeur].

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