RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Maize rough dwarf disease (MRDD) is a severe disease that has been occurring frequently in southern China and many other Asian countries. MRDD is caused by the infection of Rice black streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) and leads to significant economic losses in maize production. To well understand the destructive effects of RBSDV infection on maize growth, comparative proteomic analyses of maize seedlings under RBSDV infection was performed using an integrated approach involving LC-MS/MS and Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) labeling. RESULTS: In total, 7615 maize proteins, 6319 of which were quantified. A total of 116 differentially accumulated proteins (DAPs) were identified, including 35 up- and 81 down-regulated proteins under the RBSDV infection. Enrichment analysis showed that the DAPs were most strongly associated with cyanoamino acid metabolism, protein processing in ER, and ribosome-related pathways. Two sulfur metabolism-related proteins were significantly reduced, indicating that sulfur may participate in the resistance against RBSDV infection. Furthermore, 15 DAPs involved in six metabolic pathways were identified in maize under the RBSDV infection. CONCLUSIONS: Our data revealed that the responses of maize to RBSDV infection were controlled by various metabolic pathways.
Assuntos
Doenças das Plantas/virologia , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Reoviridae , Zea mays/virologia , Doenças das Plantas/genética , Proteoma , Plântula/virologia , Zea mays/genéticaRESUMO
Primarily, Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) is a specific receptor for microbial DNA in human immune cells. TLR9 has been found to be a promising target in tumor immunotherapy but the direct effect of its activation on tumor cells remains unknown. In this study, we examined the effect of TLR9 ligation on estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha)-mediated transactivation of breast cancer. Luciferase report gene assays, RNA interference of TLR9 and Chromatin immunoprecipitation were performed to measure the effect of TLR9 ligation on ERalpha-mediated transactivity of T47D and MCF-7 cells. Bromodeoxyuridine incorporation assay was used to examine the effect of TLR9 ligation on estrogen (E2)-induced proliferation of breast cancer cells. We also investigated the mechanism for the effect of TLR9 ligation on ERalpha-mediated transactivity. We found that ERalpha-mediated transcription via estrogen response element of human breast cancer cells line T47D was significantly suppressed when treated with 17beta-estradiol in combination with TLR9 agonist CpG oligonucleotides and this effect of CpG was dependent on TLR9. Furthermore, nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) inhibitor BAY 11-7082 could abolish the inhibitory effect of CpG oligonucleotides on ERalpha-mediated transactivation. We also confirmed the effect of CpG oligonucleotides on ERalpha-mediated transactivation in the breast cancer cell line MCF-7 forced to stably overexpress TLR9. Finally, we observed that CpG oligonucleotides were also able to inhibit estrogen-induced proliferation of breast cancer cells as a consequence of decreased ERalpha-mediated transactivation. Taken together, our data suggest that TLR9 signal pathway, by activating NF-kappaB, negatively regulates ERalpha-mediated transactivation of breast cancer. Thus, TLR9 agonist inhibits the proliferation of breast cancer cells in response to estrogen.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/metabolismo , Receptor alfa de Estrogênio/metabolismo , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Receptor Toll-Like 9/metabolismo , Western Blotting , Neoplasias da Mama/genética , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Receptor alfa de Estrogênio/genética , Feminino , Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Imunoprecipitação , NF-kappa B/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Elementos de Resposta , Transdução de Sinais/fisiologia , Receptor Toll-Like 9/genética , Ativação Transcricional , TransfecçãoRESUMO
To meet the demands of managing international academic conferences on Biomedical Engineering, a management system was designed and implemented based on Internet. The system was aimed to implement the cooperation of different departments to manage common affair and academic papers of the conference together. In addition, it could be connected to the membership management system of Chinese Society of Biomedical Engineering. With its advanced, practical, humanized and expansible characteristics, the system performed seven main functions, including the management in general information, participant information, papers, reviewer information, booking, exhibition and manager information. The system proved to be feasible and optimized as well in the 7th Asia-Pacific Conference on Medical and Biological Engineering.