A Review on Romiplostim Mechanism of Action and the Expressive Approach in E. coli.

Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder determined by immune-mediated platelet demolition and reduction of platelet production. Romiplostim is a new thrombopoiesis motivating peptibody that binds and stimulates the human thrombopoietin receptor the patent of which was registered in 2008. It is used to treat thrombocytopenia in patients with chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Romiplostim is a 60 kDa peptibody designed to inhibit cross-reacting immune responses. It consists of four high-affinity TPO-receptor binding domains for the Mpl receptor and one human IgG1 Fc domain. Escherichia coli is a good host for the fabrication of recombinant proteins such as romiplostim. The expression of a gene intended in E. coli is dependent on many factors such as a protein's inherent ability to fold, mRNA's secondary structure, its solubility, its toxicity preferential codon use, and its need for post-translational modification (PTM). This review focuses on the structure, function, mechanism of action, and expressive approach to romiplostim in E. coli.

Anticancer activity and DNA-binding properties of novel cationic Pt(II) complexes.

In this study, three structurally related cationic Pt complexes, [Pt(ppy)(dppe)]CF3CO2: C1, [Pt(bhq)(dppe)]CF3CO2: C2, and [Pt(bhq)(dppf)]CF3CO2: C3, in which ppy=deprotonated 2-phenylpyridine, bhq=deprotonated benzo[h]quinoline, dppe=bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane and dppf=1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene, were used for the assessment of their anticancer activities against Jurkat and MCF-7 cancer cell lines. The Pt complexes (C1-C3) demonstrated significant level of anticancer properties, as measured using 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Moreover, the changes in nuclear morphology with Acridine Orange (AO) staining reveal that these complexes are capable to induce apoptosis, and only C1 stimulates activity of Caspase-3 in Jurkat cancer cells. To get a better insight into the nature of binding between these cationic Pt complexes and DNA, different spectroscopic techniques and gel electrophoresis were applied. On the basis of the results of UV/vis absorption spectroscopy, CD experiment and fluorescence quenching of ethidium bromide (EB)-DNA, the interaction between DNA and the Pt complexes is likely to occur through a mixed-binding mode. Overall, the present work suggests that a controlled modification could result in new potentially antitumor complexes which can survive the repair mechanism and induce facile apoptosis.

Synthesis and characterization of some new Schiff base complexes of group 13 elements, ab initio studies, cytotoxicity and reaction with hydrogen peroxide.

A novel tetradentate Schiff base, naphthabza-H2=N,N'-bis(naphthylidene)-2-aminobenzylamine, and a series of aluminum(III), gallium(III), and indium(III) complexes with general formula, MLNO3, were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, 1H NMR, FT-IR, UV-Vis spectroscopy and thermogravimetric method. The product of the reaction of complexes with hydrogen peroxide was characterized by similar techniques. According to the ab initio calculations aluminum and gallium complexes have five-coordinated structures and indium complex is a six-coordinated one. Also, the growth inhibitory effects of the complexes toward K562 cancer cell line were measured and the results for these complexes are as follows: Al>Ga>In.