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1.
Nature ; 541(7635): 81-86, 2017 01 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28002404

RESUMO

Approximately 1.5 billion people worldwide are overweight or affected by obesity, and are at risk of developing type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and related metabolic and inflammatory disturbances. Although the mechanisms linking adiposity to associated clinical conditions are poorly understood, recent studies suggest that adiposity may influence DNA methylation, a key regulator of gene expression and molecular phenotype. Here we use epigenome-wide association to show that body mass index (BMI; a key measure of adiposity) is associated with widespread changes in DNA methylation (187 genetic loci with P < 1 × 10-7, range P = 9.2 × 10-8 to 6.0 × 10-46; n = 10,261 samples). Genetic association analyses demonstrate that the alterations in DNA methylation are predominantly the consequence of adiposity, rather than the cause. We find that methylation loci are enriched for functional genomic features in multiple tissues (P < 0.05), and show that sentinel methylation markers identify gene expression signatures at 38 loci (P < 9.0 × 10-6, range P = 5.5 × 10-6 to 6.1 × 10-35, n = 1,785 samples). The methylation loci identify genes involved in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism, substrate transport and inflammatory pathways. Finally, we show that the disturbances in DNA methylation predict future development of type 2 diabetes (relative risk per 1 standard deviation increase in methylation risk score: 2.3 (2.07-2.56); P = 1.1 × 10-54). Our results provide new insights into the biologic pathways influenced by adiposity, and may enable development of new strategies for prediction and prevention of type 2 diabetes and other adverse clinical consequences of obesity.


Assuntos
Adiposidade/genética , Índice de Massa Corporal , Metilação de DNA/genética , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/genética , Epigênese Genética , Epigenômica , Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla , Obesidade/genética , Tecido Adiposo/metabolismo , Povo Asiático/genética , Sangue/metabolismo , Estudos de Coortes , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicações , Europa (Continente)/etnologia , Feminino , Marcadores Genéticos , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Humanos , Índia/etnologia , Masculino , Obesidade/sangue , Obesidade/complicações , Sobrepeso/sangue , Sobrepeso/complicações , Sobrepeso/genética , População Branca/genética
2.
J Sex Med ; 14(2): 205-214, 2017 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28087357

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Obesity is an independent risk factor for erectile dysfunction (ED) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Bariatric surgery has been shown to improve erectile function and urinary symptoms in medium- to long-term studies (3- to 12-month postoperative follow-up). AIM: To investigate the early effect (1 month postoperatively) of bariatric surgery on ED and LUTS, which has not previously been investigated. METHODS: Morbidly obese men (body mass index > 35 kg/m2) undergoing bariatric surgery were asked to complete the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) and International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) questionnaires before surgery and 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The influence of bariatric surgery on urogenital function, body mass index, fasting blood glucose, and glycated hemoglobin were analyzed using parametric and non-parametric tests for paired samples. RESULTS: Of 30 patients who completed the study, 18 reported ED (IIEF score < 25) and 14 reported moderate or severe LUTS (IPSS ≥ 8) before the operation. Twelve patients had ED and moderate or severe LUTS. IIEF score, IPSS, body mass index, percentage of weight loss, fasting blood glucose, and glycated hemoglobin showed significant and rapid improvement after bariatric surgery starting at the 1-month postoperative time point and improvement continued throughout the study in all patients with ED or moderate to severe LUTS. CONCLUSION: This is the first study showing improvement in erectile and urinary function within 1 month after bariatric surgery, an effect that was parallel to glycemic improvement and weight loss.


Assuntos
Disfunção Erétil/terapia , Sintomas do Trato Urinário Inferior/terapia , Obesidade Mórbida/cirurgia , Ereção Peniana , Idoso , Cirurgia Bariátrica/métodos , Glicemia , Disfunção Erétil/etiologia , Humanos , Sintomas do Trato Urinário Inferior/etiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de Risco , Inquéritos e Questionários
3.
Appetite ; 107: 93-105, 2016 12 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27453553

RESUMO

Reduced energy intake drives weight loss following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) procedures. Post-operative changes in subjective appetite, taste, and smell and food preferences are reported and suggested to contribute to reduced energy intake. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of these changes following RYGB and SG and to evaluate their relationship with weight loss. 98 patients post-RYGB and 155 post-SG from a single bariatric centre were recruited to a cross-sectional study. Participants completed a questionnaire, previously utilised in post-operative bariatric patients, to assess the prevalence of post-operative food aversions and subjective changes in appetite, taste and smell. Anthropometric data were collected and percentage weight loss (%WL) was calculated. The relationship between food aversions, changes in appetite, taste and smell and %WL was assessed. The influence of time post-surgery, gender and type 2 diabetes (T2D) were evaluated. Following RYGB and SG the majority of patients reported food aversions (RYGB = 62%, SG = 59%), appetite changes (RYGB = 91%, SG = 91%) and taste changes (RYGB = 64%, SG = 59%). Smell changes were more common post-RYGB than post-SG (RYGB = 41%, SG = 28%, p = 0.039). No temporal effect was observed post-RYGB. In contrast, the prevalence of appetite changes decreased significantly with time following SG. Post-operative appetite changes associated with and predicted higher %WL post-SG but not post-RYGB. Taste changes associated with and predicted higher %WL following RYGB but not post-SG. There was no gender effect post-RYGB. Post-SG taste changes were less common in males (female = 65%, males = 40%, p = 0.008). T2D status in females did not influence post-operative subjective changes. However, in males with T2D, taste changes were less common post-SG than post-RYGB together with lower %WL (RYGB = 27.5 ± 2.7, SG = 14.6 ± 2.1, p = 0.003). Further research is warranted to define the biology underlying these differences and to individualise treatments.


Assuntos
Apetite , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/epidemiologia , Gastrectomia/efeitos adversos , Derivação Gástrica/efeitos adversos , Fatores Sexuais , Olfato , Paladar , Redução de Peso , Adulto , Índice de Massa Corporal , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Preferências Alimentares , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Período Pós-Operatório , Inquéritos e Questionários
4.
Nat Genet ; 39(9): 1127-33, 2007 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17704778

RESUMO

Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is of universal biological significance. It has emerged as an important global RNA, DNA and translation regulatory pathway. By systematically sequencing 737 genes (annotated in the Vertebrate Genome Annotation database) on the human X chromosome in 250 families with X-linked mental retardation, we identified mutations in the UPF3 regulator of nonsense transcripts homolog B (yeast) (UPF3B) leading to protein truncations in three families: two with the Lujan-Fryns phenotype and one with the FG phenotype. We also identified a missense mutation in another family with nonsyndromic mental retardation. Three mutations lead to the introduction of a premature termination codon and subsequent NMD of mutant UPF3B mRNA. Protein blot analysis using lymphoblastoid cell lines from affected individuals showed an absence of the UPF3B protein in two families. The UPF3B protein is an important component of the NMD surveillance machinery. Our results directly implicate abnormalities of NMD in human disease and suggest at least partial redundancy of NMD pathways.


Assuntos
Deficiência Intelectual Ligada ao Cromossomo X/genética , Mutação , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Proteínas de Ligação a RNA/genética , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Linhagem Celular Transformada , Códon sem Sentido , Análise Mutacional de DNA , Saúde da Família , Feminino , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Immunoblotting , Masculino , Deficiência Intelectual Ligada ao Cromossomo X/patologia , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Linhagem , Estabilidade de RNA , RNA Mensageiro/genética , Proteínas de Ligação a RNA/metabolismo , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Homologia de Sequência de Aminoácidos , Síndrome
5.
Bioinformatics ; 30(9): 1338-9, 2014 May 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24413672

RESUMO

MOTIVATION: Resource description framework (RDF) is an emerging technology for describing, publishing and linking life science data. As a major provider of bioinformatics data and services, the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI) is committed to making data readily accessible to the community in ways that meet existing demand. The EBI RDF platform has been developed to meet an increasing demand to coordinate RDF activities across the institute and provides a new entry point to querying and exploring integrated resources available at the EBI.


Assuntos
Biologia Computacional/métodos , Bases de Dados Genéticas , Academias e Institutos , Pesquisa Biomédica , Internet
6.
Surg Endosc ; 29(6): 1484-91, 2015 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25239175

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Previous studies show that 'poor responders' to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) may be identified on the basis of early postoperative weight loss. Early identification of poor responders could allow earlier provision of postoperative behavioural and/or intensive lifestyle interventions and enhance their maximal weight loss. Our aim was to investigate whether early postoperative weight loss predicts the maximal weight loss response after RYGBP and sleeve gastrectomy (SG). METHODS: We undertook a retrospective cross-sectional study of 1,456 adults who underwent either RYGBP (n = 918) or SG (n = 538) as a primary procedure in one of two European centres. Postoperative weight loss was expressed as weight loss velocity (WLV) and percentage weight loss. Linear regression analyses were performed to determine the association of early postoperative weight loss with maximal %WL, including adjustment for baseline variables. RESULTS: There was marked variability in maximal %WL following both RYGBP (mean 32.9 %, range 4.1-60.9 %) and SG (mean 26.2 %, range 1.1-58.3 %). WLV 3-6 months postoperatively was more strongly associated with maximal %WL (r (2) = 0.32 for RYGBP and r (2) = 0.26 for SG, P < 0.001 for both) than either WLV 0-6 weeks or 6 weeks to 3 months postoperatively (r (2) = 0.14 and 0.10 for RYGBP, respectively; r (2) = 0.18 and 0.21 for SG, respectively; P < 0.001 for all). Multiple linear regression analysis, including baseline variables of age, sex, preoperative BMI, type 2 diabetes, ethnicity, and bariatric centre, revealed that 3-6 month WLV was an independent predictor of maximal %WL in both SG and RYGBP groups (standardised ß-coefficients 0.51 and 0.52, respectively; P < 0.001 for both). CONCLUSIONS: There is a marked variability in weight loss response following RYGBP and SG. Early postoperative weight loss can be used to identify patients whose predicted weight loss trajectories are suboptimal. Early targeting of poor responders with more intensive postoperative lifestyle and behavioural support could potentially enhance their weight loss response.


Assuntos
Gastrectomia/métodos , Derivação Gástrica/métodos , Obesidade Mórbida/cirurgia , Redução de Peso , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicações , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obesidade Mórbida/fisiopatologia , Período Pós-Operatório , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Tempo
7.
J Clin Med ; 13(12)2024 Jun 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38929935

RESUMO

Introduction: Various techniques and reinforcements have been proposed over the years in order to prevent leaks and bleeding after sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). The aim of this study was to retrospectively compare the staple line complication (SLC) rate in patients who underwent LSG with the use of bioabsorbable membrane (GORE® SEAMGUARD®, GoR) for staple line versus those who received no reinforcement. Methods: Data on all consecutive patients undergoing LSG between 1 January 2014 and 31 December 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into two groups: the GoR+ group if the SeamGuard (GoR) was used and the GoR- group if no reinforcement was applied on the staple line. Preoperative demographics and rate of SLC were compared between groups. All cases of SLC coming from other centers were also reviewed. Results: A total number of 626 LSGs were performed at our institution during the study period. GoR was applied in 450 (71.9%) cases (GoR+ group), while NR was used in 176 (28.1%) patients (GoR- group). Two (1.13%) cases of leaking and two (1.13%) cases of bleeding occurred in the GoR- group, while no SLC was recorded in patients who received GoR (p < 0.05). Thirteen cases of SLC coming from other institutions were treated at our hospital; all these cases were performed without any SLR. Conclusion: In our case series, the use of GoR reduced the rate of SLC after LSG. In all cases of SLC coming from other institutions, no reinforcement had been applied on the staple line during LSG.

8.
JAMA Surg ; 158(10): 1003-1011, 2023 10 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37494014

RESUMO

Importance: Metabolic surgery leads to weight loss and improved health, but these outcomes are highly variable. Poor weight loss is associated with lower circulating levels of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of the GLP-1 receptor agonist, liraglutide, 3.0 mg, on percentage body weight reduction in patients with poor weight loss and suboptimal GLP-1 response after metabolic surgery. Design, Setting, and Participants: The Evaluation of Liraglutide 3.0 mg in Patients With Poor Weight Loss and a Suboptimal Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Response (BARI-OPTIMISE) randomized placebo-controlled trial recruited adult patients at least 1 year after metabolic surgery who had experienced 20% or less body weight loss from the day of surgery and a suboptimal nutrient-stimulated GLP-1 response from 2 hospitals in London, United Kingdom, between October 2018 and November 2019. Key exclusion criteria were type 1 diabetes; severe concomitant psychiatric, gastrointestinal, cardiac, kidney or metabolic disease; and use of insulin, GLP-1 receptor analogues, and medication that can affect weight. The study period was 24 weeks followed by a 4-week follow-up period. Last participant follow-up was completed in June 2020. All participants and clinical study personnel were blinded to treatment allocation. Of 154 assessed for eligibility, 70 met trial criteria and were included in the study, and 57 completed follow-up. Interventions: Liraglutide, 3.0 mg, once daily or placebo as an adjunct to lifestyle intervention with a 500-kcal daily energy deficit for 24 weeks, on a 1:1 allocation by computer-generated randomization sequence, stratified by surgery type (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass [RYGB] or sleeve gastrectomy [SG]) and type 2 diabetes status. Main Outcome and Measures: The primary outcome was change in percentage body weight from baseline to the end of the 24-week study period based on an intention-to-treat analysis. Participant safety was assessed through monitoring of biochemical parameters, including kidney and liver function, physical examination, and assessment for adverse events. Results: A total of 70 participants (mean [SD] age, 47.6 [10.7] years; 52 [74%] female) with a poor weight loss response following RYGB or SG were randomized to receive 3.0-mg liraglutide (n = 35) or placebo (n = 35). All participants received at least 1 dose of the trial drug. Eight participants discontinued treatment (4 per group), and 2 in the 3.0-mg liraglutide group and 1 in the placebo group were lost to follow-up. Due to COVID-19 restrictions, 3 participants in the 3.0-mg liraglutide group and 7 in the placebo group were unable to attend their final in-person assessment. Estimated change in mean (SD) percentage body weight from baseline to week 24 was -8.82 (4.94) with liraglutide, 3.0 mg (n = 31), vs -0.54 (3.32) with placebo (n = 26). The mean difference in percentage body weight change for liraglutide, 3.0 mg, vs placebo was -8.03 (95% CI, -10.39 to -5.66; P < .001). Adverse events, predominantly gastrointestinal, were more frequent with liraglutide, 3.0 mg (28 events [80%]), than placebo (20 events [57%]). There were no serious adverse events and no treatment-related deaths. Conclusion and Relevance: These findings support the use of adjuvant liraglutide, 3.0 mg, for weight management in patients with poor weight loss and suboptimal GLP-1 response after metabolic surgery. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03341429.


Assuntos
Cirurgia Bariátrica , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Adulto , Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Masculino , Liraglutida/uso terapêutico , Liraglutida/efeitos adversos , Hipoglicemiantes/uso terapêutico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamento farmacológico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicações , Receptor do Peptídeo Semelhante ao Glucagon 1/agonistas , Receptor do Peptídeo Semelhante ao Glucagon 1/uso terapêutico , Resultado do Tratamento , Redução de Peso , Peptídeo 1 Semelhante ao Glucagon/uso terapêutico , Método Duplo-Cego
9.
Nat Commun ; 14(1): 2784, 2023 05 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37188674

RESUMO

DNA methylation variations are prevalent in human obesity but evidence of a causative role in disease pathogenesis is limited. Here, we combine epigenome-wide association and integrative genomics to investigate the impact of adipocyte DNA methylation variations in human obesity. We discover extensive DNA methylation changes that are robustly associated with obesity (N = 190 samples, 691 loci in subcutaneous and 173 loci in visceral adipocytes, P < 1 × 10-7). We connect obesity-associated methylation variations to transcriptomic changes at >500 target genes, and identify putative methylation-transcription factor interactions. Through Mendelian Randomisation, we infer causal effects of methylation on obesity and obesity-induced metabolic disturbances at 59 independent loci. Targeted methylation sequencing, CRISPR-activation and gene silencing in adipocytes, further identifies regional methylation variations, underlying regulatory elements and novel cellular metabolic effects. Our results indicate DNA methylation is an important determinant of human obesity and its metabolic complications, and reveal mechanisms through which altered methylation may impact adipocyte functions.


Assuntos
Metilação de DNA , Diabetes Mellitus , Humanos , Adipócitos/metabolismo , Obesidade/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus/metabolismo , Genômica , Epigênese Genética
10.
Nucleic Acids Res ; 38(Database issue): D557-62, 2010 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19906699

RESUMO

Ensembl (http://www.ensembl.org) integrates genomic information for a comprehensive set of chordate genomes with a particular focus on resources for human, mouse, rat, zebrafish and other high-value sequenced genomes. We provide complete gene annotations for all supported species in addition to specific resources that target genome variation, function and evolution. Ensembl data is accessible in a variety of formats including via our genome browser, API and BioMart. This year marks the tenth anniversary of Ensembl and in that time the project has grown with advances in genome technology. As of release 56 (September 2009), Ensembl supports 51 species including marmoset, pig, zebra finch, lizard, gorilla and wallaby, which were added in the past year. Major additions and improvements to Ensembl since our previous report include the incorporation of the human GRCh37 assembly, enhanced visualisation and data-mining options for the Ensembl regulatory features and continued development of our software infrastructure.


Assuntos
Biologia Computacional/métodos , Bases de Dados Genéticas , Bases de Dados de Ácidos Nucleicos , Acesso à Informação , Animais , Biologia Computacional/tendências , Bases de Dados de Proteínas , Variação Genética , Genômica/métodos , Humanos , Armazenamento e Recuperação da Informação/métodos , Internet , Estrutura Terciária de Proteína , Software , Especificidade da Espécie
11.
Intern Emerg Med ; 17(7): 2031-2038, 2022 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35964273

RESUMO

'Hedonic hunger' indicates the desire to consume food in the absence of an energy requirement. Hedonic hunger can be investigated using the validated Power of Food Scale (PFS). Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) are currently the most effective treatment options for severe obesity. Following RYGB, hedonic hunger diminishes, which may contribute to sustained weight loss. There are no data examining the effect of SG on hedonic hunger. We prospectively evaluated hedonic hunger using PFS in patients with severe obesity prior to and 6 months after SG (n = 95) or RYGB (n = 44) and investigated the procedure-specific relationship between percentage weight loss (%WL) and hedonic hunger. Anthropometric data were collected at baseline after 6 months, 12 months and 24 months post-operatively. PFS contains 15 items grouped into 3 domains considering when food is: available (FA), present (FP), tasted (FT) and a total score (TS). At 6 months, a significant reduction was seen in all categories post-SG (p < 0.0001) and in TS (p = 0.003), FA (p = 0.0006) and FP (p = 0.0007) post-RYGB. A significantly larger reduction in FP scores was seen post-SG (p = 0.01). Post-SG, a significant correlation with 6-month %WL was noted for changes in FP (p = 0.03) and TS (p = 0.03). Post-SG changes in FP and TS predicted 24-month %WL. Post-RYGB significant correlations were seen between 6-month %WL and dFA (p = 0.04) and dFP (p = 0.03). Changes in FA, FP and TS were predictive of 12-month %WL. HH is reduced following both SG and RYGB with a greater reduction following SG and is related to post-operative %WL. PFS may have a role as a predictive tool for post-operative outcomes following SG and RYGB.


Assuntos
Derivação Gástrica , Obesidade Mórbida , Humanos , Gastrectomia , Fome , Obesidade Mórbida/cirurgia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , Redução de Peso
12.
BMC Bioinformatics ; 12: 23, 2011 Jan 18.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21244646

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The Distributed Annotation System (DAS) has proven to be a successful way to publish and share biological data. Although there are more than 750 active registered servers from around 50 organizations, setting up a DAS server comprises a fair amount of work, making it difficult for many research groups to share their biological annotations. Given the clear advantage that the generalized sharing of relevant biological data is for the research community it would be desirable to facilitate the sharing process. RESULTS: Here we present easyDAS, a web-based system enabling anyone to publish biological annotations with just some clicks. The system, available at http://www.ebi.ac.uk/panda-srv/easydas is capable of reading different standard data file formats, process the data and create a new publicly available DAS source in a completely automated way. The created sources are hosted on the EBI systems and can take advantage of its high storage capacity and network connection, freeing the data provider from any network management work. easyDAS is an open source project under the GNU LGPL license. CONCLUSIONS: easyDAS is an automated DAS source creation system which can help many researchers in sharing their biological data, potentially increasing the amount of relevant biological data available to the scientific community.


Assuntos
Anotação de Sequência Molecular , Software , Redes de Comunicação de Computadores , Internet
13.
Surg Endosc ; 25(8): 2574-7, 2011 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21424204

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Advocates of single-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SPLC) claim that improved cosmetic outcome is one of its main benefits over conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy (CLC). However, the published data quantifying the cosmetic outcome after CLC is sparse. This study aimed to determine the cosmetic outcome after CLC using a validated scar assessment tool. METHODS: The patient scar assessment questionnaire was sent to all women ages 20-50 years who had undergone CLC at the Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital (Norwich), the Homerton Hospital (London), and the Musgrove Park Hospital (Taunton) in 2005 (n = 380). In all cases, the operation had been performed using a four-port technique. The patients were asked to give scores related to the appearance and symptoms associated with the scars at the time the questionnaire was completed. RESULTS: Of the 380 patients, 195 responded to the questionnaire, giving a response rate of 51%. The median age of the responders was 39 years, and 63 (32%) of them had undergone previous surgery. The mean score for each section was low, indicating a favorable cosmetic outcome. This correlated with the global question answered with "excellent" for 4 of 5 categories and "good" for the remaining category. Nine patients highlighted dissatisfaction with the umbilical incision. CONCLUSIONS: Patients perceive the cosmetic results after CLC as excellent. Therefore, SPLC seems to have a limited role in terms of improving cosmesis for patients undergoing cholecystectomy. Anecdotal evidence from the questionnaire suggests that the umbilical port may be the site of problems for some patients. Further investigation is needed to determine whether this is significant, especially because it may be exaggerated after SPLC.


Assuntos
Colecistectomia Laparoscópica/efeitos adversos , Cicatriz/etiologia , Satisfação do Paciente , Adulto , Beleza , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto Jovem
14.
PLoS One ; 16(2): e0245247, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33534798

RESUMO

CT scans of an unnamed mummified adult from Egypt, now in the Chau Chak Wing Museum, University of Sydney (NMR.27.3), reveal it to be fully sheathed in a mud shell or carapace, exposing a mortuary treatment not previously documented in the Egyptian archaeological record. The carapace was placed between layers of linen wrappings thus it was not externally visible. Radiocarbon dating of textile samples provide a range of c.1370-1113 cal BC (95.4% probability), with a median date of 1207 cal BC. When assessed against mummification techniques of the era, the individual is placed in the late 19th-20th Dynasty, at the later end of this date range. Multi-proxy analysis including µ-XRF and Raman spectroscopy of carapace fragments from the head area revealed it to consist of three layers, comprising a thin base layer of mud, coated with a white calcite-based pigment and a red-painted surface of mixed composition. Whether the whole surface of the carapace was painted red is unknown. The carapace was a form of ancient conservation applied subsequent to post-mortem damage to the body, intended to reconfigure the body and enable continued existence of the deceased in the afterlife. The carapace can also be interpreted as a form of elite emulation imitating resin shells found within the wrappings of royal bodies from this period.


Assuntos
Arqueologia/métodos , Múmias , Datação Radiométrica/métodos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Antigo Egito , História Antiga , Humanos
15.
Bioinformatics ; 25(10): 1321-8, 2009 May 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19420069

RESUMO

MOTIVATION: Ever increasing amounts of biological interaction data are being accumulated worldwide, but they are currently not readily accessible to the biologist at a single site. New techniques are required for retrieving, sharing and presenting data spread over the Internet. RESULTS: We introduce the DASMI system for the dynamic exchange, annotation and assessment of molecular interaction data. DASMI is based on the widely used Distributed Annotation System (DAS) and consists of a data exchange specification, web servers for providing the interaction data and clients for data integration and visualization. The decentralized architecture of DASMI affords the online retrieval of the most recent data from distributed sources and databases. DASMI can also be extended easily by adding new data sources and clients. We describe all DASMI components and demonstrate their use for protein and domain interactions. AVAILABILITY: The DASMI tools are available at http://www.dasmi.de/ and http://ipfam.sanger.ac.uk/graph. The DAS registry and the DAS 1.53E specification is found at http://www.dasregistry.org/.


Assuntos
Biologia Computacional/métodos , Mapeamento de Interação de Proteínas , Software , Sistemas de Gerenciamento de Base de Dados , Bases de Dados Genéticas , Internet , Proteínas/química , Interface Usuário-Computador
16.
Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg ; 58(10): 1340-1342, 2020 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32951922

RESUMO

There is a demand for simulation-themed courses within maxillofacial surgery, yet these are often expensive. With this in mind, we used a non-living chicken thigh model to simulate microsurgical procedures on a training day for specialty registrars. The advantages and limitations of the simulation were explored through participant feedback. This model was found to be a useful, cost-effective simulation which was valued by trainees within our specialty.


Assuntos
Treinamento por Simulação , Cirurgia Bucal , Competência Clínica , Humanos , Microcirurgia
18.
BMC Bioinformatics ; 9 Suppl 8: S3, 2008 Jul 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18673527

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The Distributed Annotation System (DAS) is a widely adopted protocol for dynamically integrating a wide range of biological data from geographically diverse sources. DAS continues to expand its applicability and evolve in response to new challenges facing integrative bioinformatics. RESULTS: Here we describe the various infrastructure components of DAS and present a new extended version of the DAS specification. Version 1.53E incorporates several recent developments, including its extension to serve new data types and an ontology for protein features. CONCLUSION: Our extensions to the DAS protocol have facilitated the integration of new data types, and our improvements to the existing DAS infrastructure have addressed recent challenges. The steadily increasing numbers of available data sources demonstrates further adoption of the DAS protocol.


Assuntos
Sistemas de Gerenciamento de Base de Dados , Bases de Dados Genéticas , Armazenamento e Recuperação da Informação/métodos , Biologia Computacional/métodos , Integração de Sistemas
19.
Obes Surg ; 28(11): 3524-3530, 2018 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30043144

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: To date, little attention has been paid to supportive relationships as factors contributing to weight loss from bariatric surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This prospective study examined whether total percentage weight loss (%TWL) at 3, 12 and 24 months post-surgery varies by distinct aspects of pre-surgery social support (received emotional and practical support and contact with friends and family) in a sample of bariatric surgery candidates (n = 182). These associations were tested with linear regression models adjusted for gender, age, ethnicity, employment status, self-esteem, mastery and time elapsed since the day of surgery. RESULTS: One hundred fifty-four participants underwent a bariatric procedure, and all but seven provided weight loss data at least at one occasion. Emotional support and contact with friends were positively associated with %TWL at 3, 12 and 24 months, and the magnitude of these associations was large. For instance, in the fully adjusted models, %TWL at 24 months increased by 2.36% (SE 1.17, p = 0.048) with each increase of one standard deviation in emotional support and was higher by 9.23% (SE 4.31, p = 0.035) for participants who reported seeing 1-5 friends per month compared with those who saw none. There was some evidence for a positive association between practical support and %TWL at 3 and 12 months post-surgery. CONCLUSION: Supportive relationships are important contributors to weight loss from bariatric surgery. If replicated in future studies, these findings could inform clinical care and interventions aimed at improving support systems of bariatric surgery candidates.


Assuntos
Cirurgia Bariátrica/estatística & dados numéricos , Obesidade Mórbida , Apoio Social , Redução de Peso/fisiologia , Humanos , Obesidade Mórbida/epidemiologia , Obesidade Mórbida/psicologia , Obesidade Mórbida/cirurgia , Estudos Prospectivos
20.
Obes Surg ; 26(9): 2257-2262, 2016 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27424002

RESUMO

PURPOSE: Preoperative oesophago-gastro-duodenoscopy (p-OGD) is often routinely employed in patients undergoing bariatric surgery. The value of p-OGD is still unclear; however, since all bariatric procedures modify stomach anatomy differently with exclusion of the remnant in a majority of cases, the question arises whether there is a rational for including it routinely in the preoperative pathway. MATERIAL AND METHODS: To assess the current status of p-OGD in the UK, a survey was sent to the British Obesity & Metabolic Surgery Society members, regarding preoperative evaluation of patients, focusing on the role of p-OGD. Forty-nine UK bariatric units (in excess of 5000 patients estimated caseload/year) answered. RESULTS: The survey has shown that 44 units (90 %) include OGD in their preoperative work up, routinely or selectively. According to results, 25 units (51 %) changed the operative plans after OGD because of peptic ulcer (46 %), hiatus hernia (43 %), Barrett's oesophagus (32 %) or gastrointestinal stromal tumour (25 %). Only 2 units (7 %) found incidental gastrointestinal cancer. When specifically asked, p-OGD was believed to be essential in patients with family history of gastrointestinal cancer (61 %), pernicious anaemia (57 %) and reflux symptoms (54 %). Five units (10 %) considered p-OGD completely unnecessary. Only 11 units (25 %) would not be able to accommodate routine p-OGD in all patients. CONCLUSIONS: Most units value p-OGD, either selectively or routinely, in preparation for bariatric surgery. However, there seems to be a discrepancy on the specific risk factors involved in the selection process. National and international guidelines are advocated.


Assuntos
Cirurgia Bariátrica/estatística & dados numéricos , Duodenoscopia , Cuidados Pré-Operatórios , Estudos Transversais , Duodenoscopia/efeitos adversos , Duodenoscopia/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Obesidade Mórbida/cirurgia , Cuidados Pré-Operatórios/efeitos adversos , Cuidados Pré-Operatórios/estatística & dados numéricos , Reino Unido/epidemiologia
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