RESUMO
Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation) is a critical posttranslational modification that plays a vital role in maintaining genomic stability via a variety of molecular mechanisms, including activation of replication stress and the DNA damage response. The nudix hydrolase NUDT16 was recently identified as a phosphodiesterase that is responsible for removing ADP-ribose units and that plays an important role in DNA repair. However, the roles of NUDT16 in coordinating replication stress and cell cycle progression remain elusive. Here, we report that SETD3, which is a member of the SET-domain containing protein (SETD) family, is a novel substrate for NUDT16, that its protein levels fluctuate during cell cycle progression, and that its stability is strictly regulated by NUDT16-mediated dePARylation. Moreover, our data indicated that the E3 ligase CHFR is responsible for the recognition and degradation of endogenous SETD3 in a PARP1-mediated PARylation-dependent manner. Mechanistically, we revealed that SETD3 associates with BRCA2 and promotes its recruitment to stalled replication fork and DNA damage sites upon replication stress or DNA double-strand breaks, respectively. Importantly, depletion of SETD3 in NUDT16-deficient cells did not further exacerbate DNA breaks or enhance the sensitivity of cancer cells to IR exposure, suggesting that the NUDT16-SETD3 pathway may play critical roles in the induction of tolerance to radiotherapy. Collectively, these data showed that NUDT16 functions as a key upstream regulator of SETD3 protein stability by reversing the ADP-ribosylation of SETD3, and NUDT16 participates in the resolution of replication stress and facilitates HR repair.
Assuntos
ADP-Ribosilação , Neoplasias , Quebras de DNA de Cadeia Dupla , Dano ao DNA , Reparo do DNA , Neoplasias/genética , Neoplasias/radioterapia , Poli(ADP-Ribose) Polimerase-1/genética , Processamento de Proteína Pós-Traducional , Humanos , Linhagem Celular , Pirofosfatases/genética , Pirofosfatases/metabolismo , Histona Metiltransferases/genética , Histona Metiltransferases/metabolismoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Most international treatment guidelines recommend rapid initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for people newly diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection, but experiences with rapid ART initiation remain limited in China. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of efavirenz (400 mg) plus lamivudine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (EFV + 3TC + TDF) versus coformulated bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF) in rapid ART initiation among men who have sex with men (MSM) who have been diagnosed with HIV. METHODS: This multicenter, open-label, randomized clinical trial enrolled MSM aged ≥18 years to start ART within 14 days of confirmed HIV diagnosis. The participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive EFV (400 mg) + 3TC + TDF or BIC/FTC/TAF. The primary end point was viral suppression (<50â copies/mL) at 48 weeks per US Food and Drug Administration Snapshot analysis. RESULTS: Between March 2021 and July 2022, 300 participants were enrolled; 154 were assigned to receive EFV + 3TC + TDF (EFV group) and 146 BIC/FTC/TAF (BIC group). At week 48, 118 (79.2%) and 140 (95.9%) participants in the EFV and BIC group, respectively, were retained in care with viral suppression, and 24 (16.1%) and 1 (0.7%) participant in the EFV and BIC group (P < .001), respectively, discontinued treatment because of adverse effects, death, or lost to follow-up. The median increase of CD4 count was 181 and 223â cells/µL (P = .020), respectively, for the EFV and BIC group, at week 48. The overall incidence of adverse effects was significantly higher for the EFV group (65.8% vs 37.7%, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: BIC/FTC/TAF was more efficacious and safer than EFV (400 mg) + 3TC + TDF for rapid ART initiation among HIV-positive MSM in China.
Assuntos
Alcinos , Fármacos Anti-HIV , Benzoxazinas , Ciclopropanos , Emtricitabina , Infecções por HIV , Homossexualidade Masculina , Lamivudina , Tenofovir , Humanos , Masculino , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Tenofovir/uso terapêutico , Tenofovir/análogos & derivados , China , Emtricitabina/uso terapêutico , Emtricitabina/administração & dosagem , Ciclopropanos/uso terapêutico , Fármacos Anti-HIV/uso terapêutico , Fármacos Anti-HIV/efeitos adversos , Fármacos Anti-HIV/administração & dosagem , Alcinos/uso terapêutico , Lamivudina/uso terapêutico , Lamivudina/administração & dosagem , Lamivudina/efeitos adversos , Benzoxazinas/uso terapêutico , Alanina/uso terapêutico , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Compostos Heterocíclicos de 4 ou mais Anéis/uso terapêutico , Compostos Heterocíclicos de 4 ou mais Anéis/efeitos adversos , Compostos Heterocíclicos de 4 ou mais Anéis/administração & dosagem , Contagem de Linfócito CD4 , Dioxolanos/uso terapêutico , Dioxolanos/administração & dosagem , Compostos Heterocíclicos com 3 Anéis/uso terapêutico , Compostos Heterocíclicos com 3 Anéis/efeitos adversos , Compostos Heterocíclicos com 3 Anéis/administração & dosagem , Piperazinas/uso terapêutico , Terapia Antirretroviral de Alta Atividade/métodos , Carga Viral , Adulto Jovem , Combinação de Medicamentos , HIV-1/efeitos dos fármacos , Amidas , PiridonasRESUMO
Given the potential dangers of thiram to food safety, constructing a facile sensor is significantly critical. Herein, we presented a colorimetric sensor based on glutathioneiron hybrid (GSH-Fe) nanozyme for specific and stable detection of thiram. The GSH-Fe nanozyme exhibits good peroxidase-mimicking activity with comparable Michaelis constant (Km = 0.551 mM) to the natural enzyme. Thiram pesticides can specifically limit the catalytic activity of GSH-Fe nanozyme via surface passivation, causing the change of colorimetric signal. It is worth mentioning that the platform was used to prepare a portable hydrogel kit for rapid qualitative monitoring of thiram. Coupling with an image-processing algorithm, the colorimetric image of the hydrogel reactor is converted into the data information for accurate quantification of thiram with a detection limit of 0.3 µg mL-1. The sensing system has good selectivity and high stability, with recovery rates in fruit juice samples ranging from 92.4% to 106.9%.