Arenimonas soli sp. nov., isolated from saline-alkaline soil.

A Gram-staining-negative, non-motile, aerobic bacterial strain, designated Y3L17T, was isolated from the saline-alkaline soil of a farmland, Hangjin Banner, Inner Mongolia, northern China. Y3L17T could grow at 15-45 °C (optimum 35 °C), pH 6.0-10.0 (optimum pH 8.0) and with 0-4 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 0 %). The results of phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene and gyrB gene sequences revealed that Y3L17T tightly clustered with strains of members of the genus Arenimonas, sharing the highest 16S rRNA gene similarities with Arenimonas aestuarii S2-21T (99.5 %) and Arenimonas donghaensis HO3-R19T (98.2 %), and lower similarities (<97 %) with all the other type strains of species of this genus. However, Y3L17T shared only 92.62 % gyrB gene similarities with A. aestuarii S2-21T. The DNA-DNA hybridization values of Y3L17T with A. aestuariiS2-21T and A. donghaensis HO3-R19T were 20.1±2.5 and 18.2±3.2 %, respectively. Y3L17T contained phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, five unknown phospholipids and one unknown lipid as the major polar lipids. Ubiquinone-8 (Q-8) was the predominant respiratory quinone, while iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0ω9c and iso-C11 : 0 3-OH were the major cellular fatty acids. Its genomic DNA G+C content was 65.4 mol%. On the basis of its phenotypic, phylogenetic and genotypic characteristics, Y3L17T represents a novel species within the genus Arenimonas, for which the name Arenimonas soli sp. nov. is proposed, the type strain is Y3L17T (=CGMCC 1.15905T =KCTC 52420T).

Aliidiomarina soli sp. nov., isolated from saline-alkaline soil.

A Gram-stain-negative, motile, non-spore-forming bacterium, designated strain Y4G10-17T, was isolated from the saline-alkali farmland top soil, Inner Mongolia, northern China. Strain Y4G10-17T could grow at 4-45 °C (with 30 °C as the optimal temperature), pH 6.0-12.0 (optimal at pH 9.0) and in the presence of 1.0-12.0 % (w/v) NaCl (optimal at 4.0-6.0 %). Phylogenetic analysis based on the eight different copies of the 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain Y4G10-17T shared the highest sequence similarity with Aliidiomarina maris CF12-14T, 97.93-98.66 %, and lower than 97.0 % sequence similarity with all other type strains. Its major cellular fatty acids contained iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0, summed feature 9 (iso-C17 : 1ω9c and/or C16 : 0 10-methyl), iso-C15 : 1 F, iso-C11 : 0 3-OH and summed feature 3 (iso-C15 : 0 2-OH and/or C16 : 1ω7c). Q-8 was the predominantubiquinone. The major polar lipids of strain Y4G10-17T were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, two unknown lipids and one unknown aminolipid. The genomic DNA G+C content was 49.3 mol%. DNA-DNA hybridization revealed that strain Y4G10-17T showed 20.2±5 % genomic DNA relatedness with its close relative A. maris CF12-14T. Based on the phenotypic, phylogenetic and genotypic characteristics, strain Y4G10-17T represents a novel species within the genus Aliidiomarina, for which the name Aliidiomarina soli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Y4G10-17T (=CGMCC 1.15759T=KCTC 52381T).

[Preparation of La(2)Zr(2)O(7) Powder with Combustion Method and Its Spectral Properties].

La(2)Zr(2)O(7) powder was prepared with combustion method with La(2)O(3), Zr(NO(3))(4) and glycine as raw materials. La(2)Zr(2)O(7) powders were characterized with ICP-AES, EDAX, XRD, IR and TG-DTA techniques, respectively. Effects of heat treatment temperature on the XRD spectra and IR spectra of La(2)Zr(2)O(7) powders were studied. The X-ray diffraction pattern of La(2)Zr(2)O(7) powder after heat treatment at 600 ℃ has one diffraction peak, and the diffraction peak is quite broad, therefore, the crystal structure of the La(2)Zr(2)O(7) powder is semi-crystal structure. With the increase of heat treatment temperature, diffraction peaks become gradually sharp and increase. The crystal structure of the La(2)Zr(2)O(7) powders after heat treatment in 750～800 ℃ are pyrochlore structure. Analysis results of IR spectra of La(2)Zr(2)O(7) powders after heat treatment in 650～750 ℃ show that the crystal structure of the La(2)Zr(2)O(7) powders after heat treatment at 750 ℃ is pyrochlore structure, and the analysis results of XRD and IR are the same. Analysis results of TG-DTG of La(2)Zr(2)O(7) powders show that the crystal structure of the La(2)Zr(2)O(7) powders are stability in 120～1 600 ℃.

Effect of Heat Treatment Temperature on the Spectral Properties of Cu-Ni Coating.

Cu-Ni coatings were prepared on the surface of nickel by electrodeposition method, and Cu-Ni coatings were heat-treated in 25-900 °C. Heat-treated Cu-Ni coatings were characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDAX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques, respectively. Effects of heat treatment temperature on the spectral properties of Cu-Ni coatings were studied. The surface of Cu-Ni coating is composed of the nodules. The nodules of Cu-Ni coating surface become smaller with the increase in heat treatment temperature in 25-600 °C. The nodules of Cu-Ni coating surface become smaller and the dividing line between the nodules becomes more blurred with the increase in heat treatment temperature in 600-900 °C. The contents of copper in Cu-Ni coating decrease from 82.52 at % to 78.30 at % with the increase in heat treatment temperature in the range of 25-900 °C; the contents of nickel in Cu-Ni coating increase from 17.48 at % to 21.70 at % with the increase in heat treatment temperature in the range of 25-900 °C. The crystal structure of Cu-Ni coating is Cu0:8lNi0.19 cubic crystal structure. The crystal structure of the CuO0.81Ni0.19 becomes more complete with the increase in heat treatment temperature in 25- 300 °C. Part of crystal structure of the Cu0.81AlNi0.19 can turn Cu0.8lNi0.19 cubic crystal structure into Cu3.8Ni cubic crystal structure, and is advantageous to Cu3.8Ni (311) and Cu0.81Ni0.19 (311) growth with the increase in heat treatment temperature in 600-900 °C.

Effect of REAu on Silver Staining Results and Their UV-Vis Absorption Spectra.

La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy particles and gold nanoparticles were prepared. Effects of La-Au, Ce-Au, Nd-Au, Sm-Au, Eu-Au, Gd-Au and Dy-Au particles on silver staining results were studied, respectively, and UV-Vis absorption spectra of La-Au, Ce-Au, Nd-Au, Sm-Au, Eu-Au, Gd-Au and Dy-Au particles were studied. Times and colors of sports with La-Au, Ce-Au, Nd-Au, Sm-Au, Eu-Au, Gd-Au, Dy-Au particles are longer and darker than that of with gold nanoparticles, respectively. The time of sport with Nd-Au particles is as long as 30 min, which is 2.7 times as long as with gold nanoparticles. Although amount of gold nanoparticles reduced 80%, the color of sport with Nd-Au particles is darker than that of with gold nanoparticles. In 200.00-800.00 nm, La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy particles and gold nanoparticles has one absorption peak, respectively, and λ(max) is 275, 277, 276, 276, 278, 277, 278 and 521 nm, respectively. La-Au, Ce-Au, Nd-Au, Sm-Au, Eu-Au, Gd-Au, Dy-Au particles have two absorption peaks, respectively, λ(max)(RE) and λ(max) are 276 and 522 nm, 276 and 522 nm, 276 and 523 nm, 276 and 523 nm, 276 and 522 nm, 276 and 522 nm, 276 and 523 nm, respectively. λ(max) of Au nanoparticles and La particles occurs red moving respectively, and λ(max) of Ce, Eu, Gd and Dy particles occurs blue moving, respectively, and λ(max) of Nd and Sm particles is constant respectively. Rare earths particles and gold nanoparticles may have interaction, respectively.

Preparation of electrodeposited Mo-Ni coating and its spectral properties.

Mo-Ni coatings were prepared on Ni alloy by electrodeposition method. The properties of microhardness, wear weight loss and friction coefficients, and thermal expansion of the coatings were investigated, respectively. Mo-Ni coatings were characterized with inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), energy-dispersive analyses of X-ray (EDAX), scanning electron microcopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques, respectively. Mo-Ni coating shows higher microhardness, lower wear weight loss and friction coefficient compared with those of Ni alloy. The microhardness of Mo-Ni coating is as high as 518 HV, which is 72.67% higher than that of the Ni alloy (300 HV). The wear weight losses of Mo-Ni coating is 1.94 times lower than that of Ni alloy. The friction coefficient of Ni alloy and Mo-Ni coating are 0.640 and 0.559 respectively. The physical thermal expansion curve of Ni alloy has two the peaks in the ranges of 100-120 and 570-640 degrees C respectively; and that of Ni alloy+Mo-Ni coating has one the peaks in the ranges of 570-640 degrees C. The peak of the physical thermal expansion curve of Ni alloy+Mo-Ni coating in the ranges of 570-640 degrees C is much smaller than that of the Ni alloy. Because the part of nickel was replaced by molybdenum in the Ni lattice, molybdenum decreases the lattices transformation of nickel (bcc --> fcc). The reason for the formation of the small peak of the physical thermal expansion curve of Ni alloy+Mo-Ni coating in the ranges of 595-625 degrees C is the changes of MoNi4 and MoNi from the semi-crystalline structure to the crystalline structure respectively.

[Optimization of extraction process for tannins from Geranium orientali-tibeticum by supercritical CO2 method].

In order to optimize extraction process conditions of tannins from Geranium orientali-tibeticum by supercritical CO2, the content of tannins was determined by phosphomolybdium tungsten acid-casein reaction, with extraction pressure, extraction temper- ature and extraction time as factors, the content of tannins from extract of G. orientali-tibeticum as index, technology conditions were optimized by orthogonal test. Optimum technology conditions were as follows: extraction pressure was 25 MPa, extraction temperature was 50 °C, extracted 1.5 h. The content of tannins in extract was 12.91 mg x g(-1), extract rate was 3.67%. The method established could be used for assay the contents of tannin in G. orientali-tibeticum. The circulated extraction was an effective extraction process that was stable and feasible, and that provides a way of the extraction process conditions of tannin from G. orientali-tibeticum.

[Association of folate metabolism genes MTRR and MTHFR with complex congenital abnormalities among Chinese population in Shanxi Province, China].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the association of polymorphisms in folate metabolism genes, methionine synthase reductase (MTRR) gene and 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene, with complex congenital abnormalities and to further investigate its association with complex congenital abnormalities derived from three germ layers. METHODS: A total of 250 cases of birth defects (with complex congenital abnormalities including congenital heart disease, neural tube defects, and craniofacial anomalies) in Shanxi Province, China were included in the study. MTRR single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (rs1801394) and MTHFR SNP (rs1801133) were genotyped by the SNaPshot method, and the genotyping results were compared with those of controls (n=420). RESULTS: SNPs rs1801394 and rs1801133 were associated with multiple birth defects. For the recessive model, individuals with GG genotype at rs1801394 and CC genotype at rs1801133 had a relatively low risk of developing birth defects, so the two genotypes were protective factors against birth defects. The homozygous recessive genotype at rs1801133, which served as a protective factor, was associated with ectoderm- or endoderm-derived complex congenital abnormalities, while the homozygous recessive genotype at rs1801394, which served as a protective factor, was associated with ectoderm-, mesoderm- or endoderm-derived complex congenital abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS: Among the Chinese population in Shanxi Province, the SNPs in folate metabolism genes (MTRR and MTHFR) are associated with complex congenital abnormalities and related to ectoderm, mesoderm or endoderm development.

Selective anchoring of Pt NPs on covalent triazine-based frameworks via in situ derived bridging ligands for boosting photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.

The efficient and stable production of hydrogen (H2) through Pt-containing photocatalysts remains a great challenge. Herein, we develop an effective strategy to selectively and uniformly anchor Pt NPs (∼1.2 nm) on a covalent triazine-based framework photocatalyst via in situ derived bridging ligands. Compared to Pt/CTF-1, the obtained Pt/AT-CTF-1 exhibits a considerable photocatalytic H2 evolution rate of 562.9 µmol g-1 h-1 under visible light irradiation. Additionally, the strong interaction between the Pt NPs and in situ derived bridging ligands provides remarkable stability to Pt/AT-CTF-1. Experimental investigations and photo/chemical characterization reveal the synergy of the in situ derived bridging ligands in Pt/AT-CTF-1, which can selectively anchor the Pt NPs with homogeneous sizes and efficiently improve the transmission of charge carriers. This work provides a new perspective toward stabilizing ultrasmall nanoclusters and facilitating electron transfer in photocatalytic H2 evolution materials.

Engineered Luminescent Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus Activation of Photodynamic-Immune Combination Therapy for Colorectal Cancer.

Oncolytic virus therapy is currently regarded as a promising approach in cancer immunotherapy. It has greater therapeutic advantages for colorectal cancer that is prone to distant metastasis. However, the therapeutic efficacy and clinical application of viral agents alone for colorectal cancer remain suboptimal. In this study, an engineered oncolytic vaccinia virus (OVV-Luc) that expresses the firefly luciferase gene is developed and loaded Chlorin e6 (Ce6) onto the virus surface through covalent coupling, resulting in OVV-Luc@Ce6 (OV@C). The OV@C infiltrates tumor tissue and induces endogenous luminescence through substrate catalysis, resulting in the production of reactive oxygen species. This unique system eliminates the need for an external light source, making it suitable for photodynamic therapy (PDT) in deep tissues. Moreover, this synergistic effect between PDT and viral immunotherapy enhances dendritic cell maturation, macrophage polarization, and reversal of the immunosuppressive microenvironment. This synergistic effect has the potential to convert a "cold" into a "hot" tumor, it offers valuable insights for clinical translation and application.

In vitro fertilization alters growth and expression of Igf2/H19 and their epigenetic mechanisms in the liver and skeletal muscle of newborn and elder mice.

Epidemiological studies have reported a higher incidence of growth disorders among newborns conceived by in vitro fertilization (IVF), suggesting that IVF may be disruptive to the process of embryonic and fetal growth. However, the long-term effects of IVF on the growth and molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, we evaluated the body weight of IVF mice from birth to the age of 1.5 yr. In addition, we analyzed gene expression of insulin-like growth factor 2 (Igf2), H19, Igf2 receptor (Igf2r), and miR-483 and their DNA methylation status using real-time quantitative PCR, Western blot, and pyrosequencing. The results showed that when compared with the in vivo group, the body weight of IVF mice was significantly higher at birth, but lower at 3 wk; in addition, gene expression of Igf2 was significantly up-regulated, with down-regulated expression of H19 and miR-483 in both liver and skeletal muscle. At the same time, there were significant differences in the DNA methylation rates of Igf2/H19 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) and the IGF2 protein expression between the two groups. In the IVF treatment group, the differences in growth and expression disappeared at 10 wk. However, at 1.5 yr of age, aberrant expressions of Igf2/H19, Igf2r, and miR-483 and changes in DNA methylation rates in the liver or skeletal muscle were again observed in IVF mice. Our results indicate that IVF causes alterations in mouse growth during the postnatal periods that may be associated with alterations in Igf2/H19 expression and likely involve the regulation of miR-483 and the methylation status of Igf2/H19 DMRs.

Alterations in the frequency of trinucleotide repeat dynamic mutations in offspring conceived through assisted reproductive technology.

STUDY QUESTION: How does the frequency of trinucleotide repeat dynamic mutations in offspring conceived through assisted reproductive technology (ART) compare with the frequency of these mutations in control offspring conceived from spontaneous pregnancies? SUMMARY ANSWER: There is a slight increase in dynamic mutation instability in offspring conceived through ART compared with the naturally conceived offspring. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: There is evidence to suggest that ART can increase the risk of birth defects and karyotypic abnormalities. However, the accumulating evidence of an association between ART and de novo genetic aberrations is controversial. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: A prospective clinical observational study was performed on 246 families recruited from an in vitro fertilisation (IVF) centre at a tertiary-care, university-affiliated teaching hospital from 2008 to 2012. The study included 147 ART families [75 IVF and 72 intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)] in the study group and 99 natural-conception families in the control group. PARTICIPANTS, SETTING, METHODS: Parental, umbilical cord and infant peripheral blood samples were collected, and the trinucleotide repeats of the ATN1, AR, ATXN1, ATXN3, Huntington, DMPK and FMR-1 genes were investigated between the generations; these genes were chosen due to their ability to undergo dynamic mutation. The frequencies and sizes of the mutational repeats, as well as the intergenerational instability, were measured. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: In 2466 transmissions identified in the ART offspring, 2.11% (n = 52/2466) of the alleles were unstable upon transmission, while in the control group offspring, the frequency of dynamic mutation was 0.77% (n = 10/1300); this difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01). The unstable transmission alleles were detected in 32 (2.48%) of the 1288 alleles from the IVF offspring and in 20 (1.70%) of the 1178 alleles from the ICSI offspring; both of these frequencies were significantly different from that of naturally conceived offspring (0.77%) (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively). However, there were no significant differences in the sizes of the mutational repeats or in the rates of expansion or contraction among the three groups (P > 0.05). The repeat copy numbers of the examined genes were found to be within the normal ranges in all parents and infants. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: One strength of our study is the relatively large sample size; we were able to detect mutations in seven common dynamic genes, and this large sample size allowed us to detect unstable alleles. Although we observed a clear alteration in the frequency of dynamic mutation in the ART offspring compared with controls, further studies are urgently needed to confirm this observation and determine the cause of this phenomenon. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: DNA microsatellite analysis provides an important tool to assess genomic instability. In this study, we report an association between ART and the frequency of dynamic mutation. The instability could be a reflection of the core infertility problem, the controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and/or the in vitro culture conditions.

Alteration of fatty acid metabolism in the liver, adipose tissue, and testis of male mice conceived through assisted reproductive technologies: fatty acid metabolism in ART mice.

BACKGROUND: Lipid metabolism plays important roles in the whole process of pregnancy. Previous studies have demonstrated abnormalities of lipid metabolism in the placentas of pregnancies obtained by assisted reproductive technology (ART). Therefore, we hypothesized that ART micromanipulation may affect lipid metabolism in offspring, and focused on the fatty acid metabolism in ART male offspring in this study. METHODS: The fatty acid metabolism in the liver, adipose tissue and testis was detected. The comparison between naturally conceived (NC), controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH), in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) mice was made to analyze the effect of ART on offspring. The mice models in this study included two age groups: adult group and old group. The fatty acid composition and the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes were analyzed by GC-MS and qRT-PCR. RESULTS: The fatty acid composition in the liver and adipose tissue were significantly altered in ART mice, but no significant difference was found in the testis. In adipose tissue, ART mice showed decreased monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and increased polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in both adult and old mice, while the alteration of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) in the adult disappeared in the old. In liver, the changes were much complex in adult mice, while increased MUFAs and decreased PUFAs were found in ART old mice. The activities of fatty acid metabolism-related enzymes and the expression of lipogenic and lipolytic proteins changed in ART groups, with the adult mice and old mice showing inconsistent alterations. Further analysis indicated that SFAs was closely associated with the alterations of fatty acid metabolism-related enzyme activities and the expression of lipogenic and lipolytic proteins. Furthermore, we also found that the effect of separated ART treatments on fatty acid metabolism varied with different ages and tissues. CONCLUSIONS: ART treatments had effect on the fatty acid composition in adipose tissue and liver of male mice. The alteration of SFAs content was crucial for the regulation of fatty acid composition. These changes might have potential effects on the health of ART male offspring which need further investigation.

[Preparation and performance of through-hole AAO film].

Praseodymium nitrate was used as additives in preparing anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) films to improve its performance. AAO films were prepared by anodization method from a 15 vol. % H2SO4 solution with added praseodymium nitrate. The effects of Pr concentration and anodization voltage on the thickness and microhardness of AAO film were investigated, respectively. The oxide barrier layer of AAO film was removed with the method of combining etching of 5 vol. % H3PO4 solution with ultrasonic wave. treatment The effects of etching time and treating time with ultrasonic wave on the oxide barrier layer of AAO film were investigated respectively. The AAO films were characterized with EDAX and SEM techniques respectively. AAO film prepared in 15 vol. % H2SO4 solution with praseodymium nitrate added showed higher thickness and microhardness. The thickness of AAO films increased with the increase in anodization voltage, while the microhardness of AAO films decreased with the increase in anodization voltage in 19-23 V. When anodization voltage is 23 V, the thickness and microhardness of AAO film prepared in 15 vol. % H2SO4 + 0.4 Pr g x L(-1) mixture solution are as high as 162 microm and 275.1 HV respectively, which are 8.0% and 22.4% higher than that of film prepared in 15 vol. % H2SO4 solution (150 microm and 224.8 HV). The oxide barrier layer of AAO film was removed by combining etching in 5 vol. % H3PO4 solution for 13 min with ultrasonic wave treatment for 10 min, forming through-hole AAO film. The flocks of surface of the etched AAO film are Al2O3.

[Preparation and performance of controlled-release tablets of sasanquasaponin-casein].

The controlled-release tablets of sasanquasaponin (SQS)-casein were prepared by using SQS, casein and guar gum as the main drug and accessory materials respectively. The method of determination of SQS in the controlled-release tablets of SQS-casein, and the effects of release media on the release rate and IR spectra of the controlled-release tablets of SQS-casein were studied, respectively. The release rate curve of the controlled-release tablets of SQS-casein was fitted as zero order, one order and Higuchi equation. The recovery was 98.59% when the content of SQS in the controlled-release tablets of SQS-casein in phosphate buffer solution (pH 6.8) as release media was determined with chromogenic reaction of vanillin- sulfuric acid. The release rates are 23.80%, 51.26% and 94.77% at release times 3, 6 and 12 h, respectively in phosphate buffer solution (pH 6.8) as release media. The controlled-release tablets of SQS-casein release SQS by slowness and constant in 12 h. The chemical bonds are formed among SQS, casein and guar gum.

Boundary Stabilization of Stochastic Delayed Cohen-Grossberg Neural Networks With Diffusion Terms.

This study considers the boundary stabilization for stochastic delayed Cohen-Grossberg neural networks (SDCGNNs) with diffusion terms by the Lyapunov functional method. In the realization of NNs, sometimes time delays and diffusion phenomenon cannot be ignored, so Cohen-Grossberg NNs with time delays and diffusion terms are studied in this article. Moreover, different from the previously distributed control, the boundary control is used to stabilize the system, which can reduce the spatial cost of the controller and is easy to implement. Boundary controllers are presented for system with Neumann boundary and mixed boundary conditions, and criteria are derived such that the controlled system achieves mean-square exponential stabilization. Based on the criterion, the effects of diffusion matrix, coupling strength, coupling matrix, and time delays on exponentially stability are analyzed. In the process of analysis, two difficulties need to be addressed: 1) how to introduce boundary control into system analysis? and 2) how to analyze the influence of system parameters on stability? We deal with these problems by using Poincaré's inequality and Schur's complement lemma. Moreover, mean-square exponential synchronization of stochastic delayed Hopfield NNs with diffusion terms, as an application of the theoretical result, is considered under the boundary control. Examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.

Degradation of pesticide wastewater with simultaneous resource recovery via ozonation coupled with anaerobic biochemical technology.

The effective treatment of pesticide wastewater with high organic content, complex composition and high-toxicity has attracted enormous attention of researchers. This work proposes a new idea for removing the pesticide wastewater with simultaneous resource recovery, which is different from the traditional view of mineralization of pesticide wastewater via composite technology. This novel strategy involved a sequential three-step treatment: (a) acidic Ozonation process, to remove the venomous aromatic heterocyclic compounds; (b) hydrolysis and ozonation in alkaline conditions, enhancing the biodegradability of pesticide wastewater, mainly due to the dehalogenation, elimination of C=C bonds and production of low molecular-weight carboxylate anions; (c) the final step is anaerobic biological reactions. Based on the characterizations, this two-stage acidic-alkaline ozonation can efficiently degraded the virulence of pesticide wastewater and enhance its biodegradability from 0.08 to 0.32. The final anaerobic biochemical treatment can stably remove the residuals and convert the low molecular-weight organics into CH4, achieving the resource recovery. This work explored the pH-dependent of ozonized degradation of pesticide wastewater and gives a new perspective of wastewater treatment.

[Preparation of electrodeposited Cr-La coating and its spectral properties].

Cr-La coating (dc) and Cr-La coating (pulse) were prepared by electrodeposition method of direct current and pulsating current respectively. The Cr-La coating (dc) and Cr-La coating (pulse) were characterized with ICP-AES, EDAX, XRD and SEM techniques, respectively. Cr-La coating(dc) was amorphous. There were crystalline La and CrC in Cr-La coating (pulse). The microhardness of the Cr-La coating(dc) and Cr-La coating (pulse) were as high as 860.3 and 930.2 HV respectively, which were higher 11.15% and 20.18% higher than that of the Cr coating (774.0 HV). The wear weight losses of Cr-La coating(dc) and Cr-La coating(pulse) were 1.29 and 2.25 times lower than that of Cr coating, respectively. The friction coefficient of Cr coating, Cr-La coating(dc) and Cr-La coating(pulse) were 0. 884, 0. 640 and 0. 648 respectively. The properties of wear weight loss and microhardness of coatings were improved with pulsating current. The wear weight loss and microhardness of Cr-La coating(pulse) were lower 1.75 time lower and higher 8.13% higher than that of the Cr-La coating(dc), respectively.

[The effect of different endophytic fungi on Chrysanthemum morifolium output and quality].

OBJECTIVE: To enhance the flowers yield of Chrysanthemum morifolium by endophytic fungi. METHODS: Endophytic fungi (Chaetomium globosum strain C4 and Botrytis sp. strain C1) were inoculated to the plantlets which were planted in the pots. The output of the flowers was measured, the total flavonoids and essential oil contents of the flowers were determined. RESULTS: Compared to that of the control, fresh and dry outputs of the fungi C4 group increased 24.81%, 7.59%, fresh and dry outputs of the fungi C1 group increased 17.08%, 6.87%. Total flavonoids content of the fungi C4 group was higher than that of the control remarkably, fungi C4, C1 groups flowers total flavonoids content increased 31.79%, 8.55% compared to that of the control. Essential oil content of the fungi C4, C1 groups increased 13.21%, 18.19% respectively. The content percentage of various essential oil components of the fungi C4, C1 groups increased 10.42%, 8.90% compared to that of the control respectively. There were differences among the content percentage of various essential oil components of fungi C4, C1 treated group and the control's. CONCLUSION: The two fungi could build the symbiosis relation with the Chrysnthemum morifolium, which may cause them to enhance the output and quality finally.

Intermittent boundary stabilization of stochastic reaction-diffusion Cohen-Grossberg neural networks.

Cohen-Grossberg neural networks (CGNNs) play an important role in many applications and the stabilization of this system has been well studied. This study considers the exponential stabilization for stochastic reaction-diffusion Cohen-Grossberg neural networks (SRDCGNNs) by means of an aperiodically intermittent boundary control. Both SRDCGNNs without and with time-delays are discussed. By employing the spatial integral functional method and Poincare's inequality, criteria are derived to ensure the controlled systems achieve mean square exponential stabilization. Based on these criteria, the effects of diffusion item, control gains, the minimum control proportion and time-delays on exponential stability are analyzed. Examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the obtained theoretical results.