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1.
Mol Biol Rep ; 51(1): 705, 2024 Jun 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38824214

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Quinoa seeds (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) have gained interest due to their naturally occurring phytochemicals and antioxidants. They possess potent anticancer properties against human colorectal cancer. METHODS AND RESULTS: Fatty acids in quinoa oil were studied using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Rats were used to test the acute oral toxicity of the nanoemulsion loaded with sodium alginate. The DPPH radical scavenging method was employed to assess the nanoemulsion's ability to scavenge free radicals. It was examined the in vivo anticancer potential of quinoa oil nanoemulsion on rats with breast cancer induced by 7, 12-dimethylbenz (a) anthracene (DMBA). DMBA-breast cancer models received daily quinoa oil nanoemulsions for 30 days. The anticancer effect of the nanoemulsion was assessed by measuring ROS, protein carbonyl, gene expression of anti-oncogenes, and histopathological analysis. Supplying quinoa oil nanoemulsion significantly reduced the increase in serum ROS and PC levels induced in breast cancer tissue. The expression levels of antioncogenes in breast cancer tissue were decreased by the quinoa oil nanoemulsion. Nanoemulsions also improved the cellular morphology of breast tumors. CONCLUSION: The study results indicate that quinoa oil nanoemulsion has anticancer activity against breast cancer, effectively modulating oxidative stress markers, anti-oncogene expressions, and tissue architecture. It can be inferred from the results that quinoa oil nanoemulsion is a chemoprotective medication that may hinder breast cancer progression in rats.


Assuntos
Alginatos , Neoplasias da Mama , Chenopodium quinoa , Emulsões , Óleos de Plantas , Animais , Chenopodium quinoa/química , Feminino , Ratos , Óleos de Plantas/farmacologia , Óleos de Plantas/química , Alginatos/química , Alginatos/farmacologia , Neoplasias da Mama/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Nanopartículas/química , Sementes/química , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos
2.
Mol Biol Rep ; 49(10): 10039-10050, 2022 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35606604

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a diverse class of molecules that represent a vital part of innate immunity. AMPs are evolutionarily conserved molecules that exhibit structural and functional diversity. They provide a possible solution to the antibiotic-resistance crisis. MAIN TEXT: These small cationic peptides can target bacteria, fungi, and viruses, as well as cancer cells. Their unique action mechanisms, rare antibiotic-resistant variants, broad-spectrum activity, low toxicity, and high specificity encourage pharmaceutical industries to conduct clinical trials to develop them as therapeutic drugs. The rapid development of computer-assisted strategies accelerated the identification of AMPs. The Antimicrobial Peptide Database (APD) so far contains 3324 AMPs from different sources. In addition to their applications in different fields, some AMPs demonstrated the potential to combat COVID-19, and hinder viral infectivity in diverse ways. CONCLUSIONS: This review provides a brief history of AMPs and their features, including classification, evolution, sources and mechanisms of action, biosynthesis pathway, and identification techniques. Furthermore, their different applications, challenges to clinical applications, and their potential use against COVID-19 are presented.


Assuntos
Peptídeos Catiônicos Antimicrobianos , Tratamento Farmacológico da COVID-19 , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Peptídeos Catiônicos Antimicrobianos/farmacologia , Peptídeos Catiônicos Antimicrobianos/uso terapêutico , Peptídeos Antimicrobianos , Bactérias , Humanos
3.
Mol Biol Rep ; 49(11): 10217-10228, 2022 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36063350

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Chia oil is high in omega-3 fatty acids, which have been linked to a lower risk of many diseases, including cancer. Oil encapsulation is a method that holds promise for maintaining oil content while enhancing solubility and stability. The purpose of this study is to prepare nanoencapsulated Chia oil and investigate its suppressive effects on rat chemically induced breast cancer. METHODS: The oil was extracted from commercial Chia seeds and their fatty acids were analyzed using Gas Chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Sodium alginate was used as a loading agent to create the Chia oil nanocapsules. The DPPH assay was used to assess the oil nanocapsules' capacity to scavenge free radicals. Breast cancer induction was done by single dose subcutaneously administration of 80 mg/kg dimethylbenz (a) anthracene (DMBA). Models of breast cancer were given Chia oil nanocapsules orally for one month at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg. Through measuring intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and protein carbonyl, assessing the gene expression of tumor suppressor genes (BRCA 1 & 2, TP53), and conducting histopathological analysis, the suppressive effect of Chia oil nanocapsules was examined. RESULTS: The increase in ROS and PC levels brought on by DMBA was significantly decreased by the administration of Chia oil nanocapsules. In tumor tissue from rats given Chia oil nanocapsules, the mRNA expression levels of BRCA1, BRCA2, and TP53 were controlled Histopathological analysis clarified that the tissue architecture of breast tumors was improved by nanocapsules management. CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate the ability of Chia oil nanocapsules to inhibit cancer cells in the rat breast.


Assuntos
Ácidos Graxos Ômega-3 , Nanocápsulas , Neoplasias , Salvia , Ratos , Animais , Salvia/química , Óleos de Plantas/metabolismo , Ácidos Graxos Ômega-3/análise , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio , Estresse Oxidativo
4.
Drug Chem Toxicol ; 45(1): 103-112, 2022 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35100938

RESUMO

Liver and kidney role in detoxification and drug metabolism increases the risk of their poisonous injury. Topiramate (TMP) is an effective popular migraine prophylaxis that is accepted for utilize in adults and teenagers. Therefore, the target of this research is to estimate the potential toxic effects of TMP on liver and kidney in male mice. Thirty-two adult albino male mice were divided into four groups (n = 8 mice). Group I of animals was given saline solution and used as negative control. The other three groups were administrated TPM at doses (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) for 28 days. Genotoxicity was evaluated by comet assay and DNA fragmentation by Diphenyleamine. Biochemical investigation was achieved by estimating liver enzymes (AST, ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) creatinine and uric acid. In addition, measurement of the antioxidant enzymes, malondialdehyde and nitric oxide were performed in both two tissues of liver and kidney. Microscopic examination of hematoxyline and eosin (H&E), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and caspase3 stained sections were done to explore the effect of topiramate on mice tissues of liver and kidney. The data revealed that TPM showed dose dependent toxicity that represented in: DNA damage in tested cells and increased level of liver enzymes, creatinine and uric acid as markers of toxicity. Topiramate significantly diminished antioxidant enzymes activities and elevated the level of malondialdehyde and nitric oxide. In addition, TPM caused histopathological alterations and dose dependent positive immune reaction for TNF--α and caspase 3 in kidney and liver tissues. The results showed that Topiramate has marked toxicity in liver and kidney of mice.


Assuntos
Fígado , Estresse Oxidativo , Animais , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Antioxidantes/toxicidade , Dano ao DNA , Fígado/metabolismo , Masculino , Camundongos , Topiramato/toxicidade
5.
J Pept Sci ; 26(11): e3280, 2020 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32812302

RESUMO

The antimicrobial activity of tilapia piscidin 3 (TP3) was determined in vitro against a locally isolated Aeromonas hydrophila. A 388 bp fragment was amplified from the TP3 cDNA and sequenced. The coding sequence (CDS) of TP3 was estimated to be 231 bp codes for 76 amino acids long and stop codon. In silico analysis was performed to detect both the signal peptide and the prodomain cleavage sites to follow the amino acids number 22 and 70, respectively. Based on this, a peptide 23 amino acids long with a remarkably high computed antimicrobial probability was synthesized and used in the subsequent experiments. The antimicrobial activity of TP3 was determined with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minim um bactericidal concentration (MBC) methods. TP3 exhibited relatively weak antimicrobial activities against the tested bacteria. A challenge experiment was then performed in Nile tilapia with low and high doses of A. hydrophila, followed by timely recognition; after 3, 6, 24 h, and 7 days of the specific TP3 gene expression, immunohistochemical localization was also performed. Histopathological examination revealed provoked inflammatory responses and congestion in the same organs of TP3 expression. Immunohistochemical localization showed that A. hydrophila induced tilapia fish to express TP3 after 24 h within the gills, intestine, hepatopancreas, spleen, and posterior kidney. In quantitative real time (RT)-polymerase chain reaction analysis, the high dose showed higher mRNA expression levels than the low dose, and its expression levels increased in the A. hydrophila-infected fish. It was therefore concluded that TP3 plays an essential role in fish immunity.


Assuntos
Aeromonas hydrophila/efeitos dos fármacos , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Peptídeos Catiônicos Antimicrobianos/farmacologia , Doenças dos Peixes/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Negativas/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Antibacterianos/síntese química , Antibacterianos/química , Peptídeos Catiônicos Antimicrobianos/química , Peptídeos Catiônicos Antimicrobianos/genética , Ciclídeos , Doenças dos Peixes/microbiologia , Doenças dos Peixes/patologia , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Negativas/microbiologia , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Negativas/patologia , Imuno-Histoquímica , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana
6.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int ; 29(58): 87184-87199, 2022 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35802336

RESUMO

Topiramate has multiple pharmacological mechanisms that are efficient in treating epilepsy and migraine. Ginger has been established to have gingerols and shogaols that cause migraine relief. Moreover, Topiramate has many off-label uses. Thus, it was necessary to explore the possible neurotoxicity of Topiramate and the role of ginger oil in attenuating the Topiramate neurotoxicity. Male albino mice were orally gavaged with Topiramate, ginger oil (400 mg/kg), and Topiramate plus ginger oil with the same pattern for 28 days. Oxidative stress markers, acetylcholinesterase (AchE), gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were examined. Histopathological examination, immunohistochemical glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and Bax expression analysis were detected. The GABAAR subunits, Gabra1, Gabra3, and Gabra5 expression, were assessed by RT-qPCR. The investigation showed that Topiramate raised oxidative stress markers levels, neurotransmitters, TNF-α, and diminished glutathione (GSH). In addition, Topiramate exhibited various neuropathological alterations, strong Bax, and GFAP immune-reactivity in the cerebral cortex. At the same time, the results indicated that ginger oil had no neurotoxicity. The effect of Topiramate plus ginger oil alleviated the changes induced by Topiramate in the tested parameters. Both Topiramate and ginger oil upregulated the mRNA expression of gabra1 and gabra3, while their interaction markedly downregulated them. Therefore, it could be concluded that the Topiramate overdose could cause neurotoxicity, but the interaction with ginger oil may reduce Topiramate-induced neurotoxicity and should be taken in parallel.


Assuntos
Transtornos de Enxaqueca , Óleos Voláteis , Zingiber officinale , Animais , Masculino , Camundongos , Topiramato/farmacologia , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/metabolismo , Acetilcolinesterase/metabolismo , Proteína X Associada a bcl-2/metabolismo , Óleos Voláteis/farmacologia , Óleos Voláteis/metabolismo , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Glutationa/metabolismo , Encéfalo , Transtornos de Enxaqueca/tratamento farmacológico , Transtornos de Enxaqueca/patologia
7.
J Genet Eng Biotechnol ; 20(1): 148, 2022 Oct 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36303091

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Kidney disease (KD) is a public health problem worldwide and is an important factor in peripheral vascular disease, arrhythmias, heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, stroke, and angina. Obesity has been indicated as an effective cause of kidney diseases. So, this study aims to use two new strains of Lactobacillus to reduce the metabolic disorders and kidney insufficiency associated with obesity. METHODS: Fifty BALB/c male mice were divided into five groups (control, obesity, obesity pro1, obesity pro2, and obesity mix). The bodyweight, cholesterol profile, urea, and creatinine levels in urine and serum were all measured. Histopathological analysis and expression of Opn, Vim, Ngal, Kim-1, and αKlotho genes for kidney tissues were performed. RESULTS: The results indicated that body weight, cholesterol profile, urea, and creatinine levels in serum and urine had the lowest significance (P ˂ 0.05) in the obesity mix group and the highest significance in the obesity group. HDL had the highest significance (P ˂ 0.05) in the obesity mix group and the lowest significance (P ˂ 0.05) in the obesity group. Expression of Opn, Vim, Ngal, and Kim-1 genes was the most upregulated in the obesity group compared with the other groups, and there were nonsignificant differences (P > 0.05) between the obesity pro1 and obesity mix groups and the control group. Expression of αKlotho gene was significantly reduced (P ˂ 0.05) in the obesity group compared with the control group. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that the combination of pro1 and pro2 strains could reduce kidney inflammation and necrosis.

8.
J Genet Eng Biotechnol ; 20(1): 154, 2022 Nov 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36326964

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Molecular genetics has been extremely useful in determining the relation between animal populations and documenting the degrees of genetic variation found within them. The present study was undertaken to evaluate genetic diversity and the relationships between the three camel populations reared in Egypt: Maghrabi, Sudani, and Baladi using mitochondrial 16S sequences and other breeds of camels in the world. METHODS: Blood samples were collected from camels belonging to these three populations. Genomic DNA was extracted from the collected blood samples and subjected to PCR using specific primers for mitochondrial 16S region. The amplified products were purified using DNA purification kit to remove residual primers and dNTPs. Sequencing was performed in the Macrogen Incorporation. The amplified products were submitted to GenBank/NCBI under accession numbers OM 278349 and OM 278350 RESULTS: Sequencing was done on the partial mitochondrial 16S amplified fragments at 530 bp. This amplified area had two haplotypes. There was one substitution (G/A) at nucleotide 309 of the amplified segment. The nucleotide (π) and Hd stand for haplotype diversity, respectively, at 0.00008 and 0.042, and the average number of pairwise nucleotide differences, k, is 0.042, according to Fu's Fs statistic and Tajima's D, which is -1.10686. Genetic distance percentages between the three populations under study range from 0.000 to 0.0312. A phylogenetic analysis of Egyptian camel populations and other Camelus dromedarius populations revealed a strong relationship between them. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that the 16S rRNA sequencing in mitochondria plays a critical role in genetic variation studies and analysis of phylogeny between camel populations and breeds.

9.
J Genet Eng Biotechnol ; 20(1): 110, 2022 Jul 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35867170

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to explore the association between polymorphisms in three genes: leptin (LEP), leptin receptor (LEPR), and BMP4, and incidence of repeat breeding in Egyptian buffaloes. METHODS: DNA was extracted from 160 female buffaloes, involving 108 fertile and 52 repeat breeders. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Sequence analysis and alignment were performed by employing NCBI/BLAST/blastn suite, to identify SNPs among different patterns and alleles. We utilized PredictSNP software to predict the non-synonymous SNPs influences on protein function. Moreover, the conservation score of the amino acids within the target proteins was computed by ConSurf server. RESULTS: The genotyping results showed that LEP and BMP4 genes were monomorphic (CC, GG) in all tested fertile and repeat breeder buffaloes. Leptin gene sequencing showed a non-synonymous C73T SNP, replacing R to C at position 25 within the leptin polypeptide (position 4 in the mature form; R4C) which is a neutral mutation, not affecting function or structure of LEP protein. For LEPR, one synonymous SNP (T102C) and two non-synonymous SNPs (A106G and C146A), triggering V967A and G954C replacements, respectively in LEPR protein. Moreover, they are neutral mutations. Sequencing results of BMP4 showed HinfI restriction site indicate fixed GG genotype (CC genotype in the anti-sense strand) in all sequenced samples. No SNPs were observed within the amplified region. CONCLUSION: Genotyping and sequencing results of the surveyed three genes revealed that there is no association between these genes mutations and the incidence of repeat breeding in Egyptian buffaloes.

10.
Pediatr Dermatol ; 28(5): 485-93, 2011.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21883426

RESUMO

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a rare, potentially fatal chronic autoimmune disease of the skin and mucous membrane. The objective of this study was to analyze the clinical outcomes and side effects associated with treatment of childhood PV (CPV). A retrospective review of the English language literature was conducted through PUBMED using the words childhood pemphigus vulgaris, and treatment or clinical outcome. Only patients under 12 years of age were included. Thirty-three cases were found in 29 reports. Mean age at onset was 8.3 years (range 1.5-12 yrs). Mucosal involvement (97.0%) was more common than cutaneous involvement (84.8%). Oral mucosa was the most common site of mucosal involvement (93.9%), followed by genital (20.6%), ocular (11.8%), and nasal mucosa (2.9%). Mean duration of therapy was 4.5 years (range 0.6-14.5 yrs), and mean duration of follow-up was 5.2 years (range 0.6-16 yrs). Complete recovery with no further therapy was achieved in 18.2% and partial recovery with minor relapses while on maintenance therapy in 78.8%. One patient died due to infection (3.0%). Serious side effects were present in 60.6%. The most common were cushingoid features (65.0%), growth retardation (50.0%), and infection (50.0%). Two patients who were refractory to systemic corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents (ISA) had a favorable clinical response to Rituximab. Current therapy for CPV involving the use of long-term systemic corticosteroids in conjunction with ISA results in prolonged immunosuppression, causing systemic infections and growth retardation. Safer and more effective therapies need to be explored.


Assuntos
Corticosteroides/uso terapêutico , Fármacos Dermatológicos/uso terapêutico , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico , Pênfigo/tratamento farmacológico , Corticosteroides/efeitos adversos , Idade de Início , Anticorpos Monoclonais Murinos/efeitos adversos , Anticorpos Monoclonais Murinos/uso terapêutico , Infecções Bacterianas/induzido quimicamente , Criança , Síndrome de Cushing/induzido quimicamente , Fármacos Dermatológicos/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Humanos , Imunossupressores/efeitos adversos , Masculino , Rituximab , Resultado do Tratamento
11.
Ann Pharmacother ; 44(11): 1770-6, 2010 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20923942

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether there is an association between the use of immunosuppressive agents (ISAs) and cancer in patients with pemphigus and pemphigoid-rare, potentially fatal diseases of the skin and mucous membranes, often requiring long-term use of ISAs. DATA SOURCE: Literature was accessed through PubMed (all years available), using the search terms cancer, immunosuppressive agents, pemphigoid, and pemphigus. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: A retrospective review of the literature was conducted. Inclusion criteria for studies were: (1) English language, (2) diagnosis of pemphigus and/or pemphigoid based on histology and immunopathology, (3) more than 10 patients evaluated, (4) investigators had a high index of suspicion of cancer and patients were monitored for it, (5) follow-up information was provided for at least 1 year after initiation of therapy, and (6) absence of diagnosis of cancer before initiation of an ISA. Case reports were not included in the analysis. DATA SYNTHESIS: A total of 929 patients diagnosed with either pemphigus or pemphigoid in 17 studies were identified. Patients were divided into 2 groups. Group A comprised patients treated with azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, cyclosporine, or mycophenolate mofetil in combination with prednisone. In Group A, 22 cases of cancer were reported in 21 of the 218 patients (9.6%). Group B comprised patients treated with systemic corticosteroids only. In this group, cancer was reported in 11 of the 711 patients (1.5%). In this study there was no control group (untreated patients) and the sample sizes were small. CONCLUSIONS: Preliminary data suggest a possible association between the use of azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, and cyclosporine and increased susceptibility to cancer in patients with pemphigus and pemphigoid.


Assuntos
Imunossupressores/efeitos adversos , Neoplasias/etiologia , Penfigoide Bolhoso/complicações , Pênfigo/complicações , Azatioprina/efeitos adversos , Azatioprina/uso terapêutico , Ciclofosfamida/efeitos adversos , Ciclofosfamida/uso terapêutico , Ciclosporina/efeitos adversos , Ciclosporina/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias/epidemiologia , Neoplasias/patologia , Penfigoide Bolhoso/tratamento farmacológico , Pênfigo/tratamento farmacológico , Estudos Retrospectivos
12.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int ; 27(17): 20950-20961, 2020 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32253695

RESUMO

Vegetable oils are characterized by their bioactive phytochemicals including fatty acids, tocols, and phenolic compounds. In the current study, turnip (Brassica rapa) oil was evaluated for its fatty acid profiles, tocol composition, and total phenolic content. The radical scavenging properties of oil against DPPH· and galvinoxyl radicals were also evaluated. Turnip oil efficiency in treating osteoporosis was tested in rats. Fifty adult female Sprague-Dawley albino rats were divided to five groups (n = 10/group). An osteoporotic rat model was prepared by two separate 5-day (5 days on/9 days off) courses of methotrexate subcutaneous injection. Osteoporotic rats were orally gavaged with turnip oil (200 and 400 mg/kg/day) for 28 days. Turnip oil efficiency in treating osteoporosis was studied by evaluation of Osterix, Cath K, and TNF-α transcript expression levels that involved in bone remodeling in femoral bones. Minerals and vitamin D were estimated in blood serum. Femoral bone histological and morphometric analyses were investigated in osteoporotic and turnip oil-treated rats. In vitro assays revealed strong antiradical potential of turnip oil. Treatment with turnip oil regulated the levels of Osterix, Cath K, and TNF-α mRNA that was accompanied with elevating the levels of calcium, phosphorous, bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP), and vitamin D in osteoporotic rats. The histological and morphometric inspection revealed that turnip oil displayed progress in the osteoporotic rat bone formation that was clear in the enhancement of thickness of femur shaft cortical bone and femur head trabecular bone. Above-mentioned findings indicated that turnip oil has the potential to share in the treatment of osteoporosis.


Assuntos
Brassica napus , Osteoporose , Animais , Catepsina K , Feminino , Lipídeos , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Fatores de Transcrição , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa
13.
Dev Comp Immunol ; 112: 103777, 2020 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32634526

RESUMO

The antimicrobial activity of tilapia piscidin 4 (TP4) was determined in vitro against four bacterial strains, Aeromonas hydrophilla, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Streptococcus iniae and Vibrio anguillarum. Nile tilapia were infected with low and high doses of the tested pathogens; after 3, 6, 24 h and 7 days of the specific TP4 gene expression, tissue immunolocalization was also performed. Histopathological examination revealed septicaemia and necrosis of hemopoietic tissue for all of the tested bacteria. Immunolocalization showed abundance in S. iniae-infected fish tissues. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed that high doses raised mRNA expression levels compared to low doses and expression levels increased in the infected fish, particularly after 24 h, indicating that TP4 exerts potent bactericidal activity against some fish pathogens and plays an essential role in fish immunity.


Assuntos
Peptídeos Catiônicos Antimicrobianos/genética , Infecções Bacterianas/imunologia , Doenças dos Peixes/imunologia , Proteínas de Peixes/genética , Tilápia/genética , Animais , Peptídeos Catiônicos Antimicrobianos/metabolismo , Proteínas de Peixes/metabolismo , Especificidade de Órgãos , Tilápia/imunologia , Transcriptoma , Regulação para Cima
14.
Biomed Pharmacother ; 110: 409-419, 2019 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30530043

RESUMO

Sexual dysfunction in the epileptic patient is difficult to confirm whether it is ailment or therapy related. Antiepileptic drugs often use in reproductive age, through reproductive progress and maturation. On the other side, cold-pressed oils are rich in bioactive phytochemicals with health-promoting traits. The target of this work was to appraise the sexual dysfunction of antiepileptic Topiramate (TPM) and cold pressed ginger oil (CPGO) as antiepileptic alternative medicine in male mice. Fifty-four adult male albino mice were divided into nine groups (n = 6 mice). One group given saline and used as negative control; another one was given corn oil as vehicle. Six groups administered orally with TPM or CPGO at 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg. Moreover, group of animals co-administrated orally CPGO with TPM (400 mg/kg) to study their interaction. Fatty acid profile and tocols composition of CPGO were determined. in vitro assays were undertaken to evaluate radical scavenging traits of CPGO utilizing sable 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH·) and galvinoxyl radicals. The study investigated antioxidant and oxidative stress markers, sexual hormones levels, mRNA levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (Vegfa), synaptonemal complex protein (Sycp3), Wilms tumor gene (Wt1) as well as histopathological and immunohistochemical examination. Strong radical scavenging potential of CPGO against stable DPPH· and galvinoxyl radicals was recorded. The results revealed that TPM caused a dose-dependent reduction in the antioxidant activities and testosterone content, while, malonaldehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) as oxidative stress markers were elevated. Vegfa and Sycp3 mRNA expression down-regulated at all Topiramate tested doses, but Wt1 up-regulated at 400 mg/kg. TPM (400 mg/kg) revealed histological alterations associated with strong positive Bax immune reactive spermatogoneal and Leydig cells. Ginger oil elevated the CAT and SOD (antioxidant enzymes), serum testosterone and diminished the oxidative stress, up regulated the expression of Vegfa and Sycp3 and down-regulated the Wt1 expression. Meanwhile, CPGO revealed no histopathological alterations and no Bax immune-reactive cells. CPGO co-administration with TPM (400 mg/kg) attenuated the TPM toxicity. High doses of TPM may exhibit sexual dysfunction but CPGO is safe and has androgenic property. CPGO co-administration could protect the antiepileptic patient from the TPM sexual dysfunction.


Assuntos
Anticonvulsivantes/toxicidade , Hormônios Esteroides Gonadais/biossíntese , Óleos de Plantas/administração & dosagem , Testículo/metabolismo , Topiramato/toxicidade , Zingiber officinale , Animais , Expressão Gênica , Hormônios Esteroides Gonadais/genética , Masculino , Camundongos , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Estresse Oxidativo/fisiologia , Óleos de Plantas/isolamento & purificação , Testículo/efeitos dos fármacos , Testículo/patologia
15.
Parasit Vectors ; 8: 319, 2015 Jun 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26062684

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Babesiosis threatens the development of the cattle and buffaloes industries in Egypt and improved control is needed. The main objectives of this study are surveying the presence of bovine babesiosis in distinct selected bovine and buffalo populations in Egypt using novel molecular and previously validated serological methods, while also comparing the occurrence of hematological alterations among Babesia infected cattle and buffalos. METHODS: A total of 253 and 81 blood samples from apparently healthy cattle and buffaloes, respectively, were randomly collected from diverse locations in Egypt. All samples were tested for Babesia bovis and B. bigemina infection using blood film examination, competitive ELISA (cELISA) and PCR. Novel semi-nested and nested PCR assays for the detection of B. bovis and B. bigemina respectively, were developed and used to analyze DNA extracted from bovine and buffalo samples. Hematological profiles were studied using a hematological analyzer. RESULTS: Blood films examination revealed 13.8% and 7.4% Babesia infection rates in cattle and buffaloes, respectively. However, in cattle, the cELISA detected 32.8%, 21.3% and 10.7% infection rates with B. bigemina, B. bovis and mixed infection, respectively. In addition, cELISA identified 22.2%, 22.2% and 6.2% infection rates with B. bigemina, B. bovis and mixed infection, respectively in buffaloes. The semi-nested PCR assay showed that 15% of the tested samples were positive for B. bovis in cattle, but just 3% in buffaloes. Infections with B. bigemina were also found in cattle (32.4%), but not in buffaloes upon nested PCR analysis. Sequencing analysis confirmed the identity of the PCR amplicons and showed that Egyptian genotypes of B. bigemina and B. bovis highly resemble sequences previously deposited in GenBank. Hemograms performed on the sampled animals revealed macrocytic hypochromic anemia associated with reduced platelet counts in infected cattle with babesiosis. In addition, marked increases in total leukocyte and granulocytic counts and decreases in lymphocytic counts were found in infected cattle. In contrast, no such hematological anomalies were found in presumably Babesia-infected buffaloes. CONCLUSIONS: Frequent occurrence of babesiosis among apparently healthy bovines in Egypt, suggests the need for appropriately designed prevalence studies in this country. Infected bovine, but not buffalo, populations often present hematological disorders compatible with intravascular hemolysis and thrombocytopenia.


Assuntos
Babesia/isolamento & purificação , Babesiose/diagnóstico , Babesiose/epidemiologia , Sangue/parasitologia , Búfalos/parasitologia , Doenças dos Bovinos/diagnóstico , Doenças dos Bovinos/epidemiologia , Animais , Babesia/classificação , Babesia/genética , Babesia/imunologia , Babesiose/sangue , Babesiose/parasitologia , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/sangue , Doenças dos Bovinos/parasitologia , Egito/epidemiologia , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Feminino , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Proteínas de Protozoários/genética , Proteínas de Protozoários/imunologia
16.
J Hazard Mater ; 191(1-3): 1-7, 2011 Jul 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21601358

RESUMO

Glycidyl methacrylate/methelenebisacrylamide resin with immobilized tetraethylenepentamine ligand was prepared. This pentamine containing resin was transformed to two anion exchange resins through treatment by glycidyl trimethylammonium chloride to give (RI) or hydrochloric acid giving (RII). The resins were used to adsorb As(V) at different experimental conditions using batch and column methods. Kinetics and thermodynamic properties as well as the mechanism of interaction between As(V) and resin active sites were discussed. The maximum adsorption capacities of As(V) on RI and RII were found to be 1.83 and 1.12 mmol/g, respectively. The regeneration and the durability of the loaded resin towards the successive reuse were also investigated.


Assuntos
Resinas de Troca Aniônica , Arsênio/isolamento & purificação , Água/química , Adsorção , Cinética , Soluções , Termodinâmica
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