Suggestion of serious incidents in medical devices used in anterior segment surgery. Proposing ideas (II).

The entry into force of the regulation on medical devices obliges ophthalmologists to identify and report possible serious incidents arising from their use. Faced with the doubts that may arise about what can or cannot be considered a serious incident, a working group of members of the Spanish Society of Refractive and Implant Eye Surgery (SECOIR) and the ophthalmology and vision sciences cluster (Cluster4Eye), have prepared a consensus document that aims to guide ophthalmologists on some of the incidents that, in the experience of the work team, are not common or can cause serious damage to the patient's function in relation to the use of medical devices. Incidents related to the use of viscoelastics, anterior capsule dyes, intraocular lenses, and other items used in anterior segment surgery have been addressed.

Severe epithelial ingrowth after pars plana vitrectomy ten years after LASIK relifting.

Epithelial ingrowth is one of the most significant complications of Laser in Situ Keratomileusis (LASIK) refractive surgery. We present the case of a 72-year-old male with a history of myopic LASIK (1999), who underwent cataract surgery and a second thin LASIK sub-Bowman flap to correct refractive error. Then, three months after pars plana vitrectomy for an epiretinal membrane, the patient complained of progressive vision loss. A diffuse haze of the corneal stroma that did not exist before surgery was observed. As the main suspicion was epithelial ingrowth, the flap was lifted and meticulous de-epithelialization of the stromal bed was performed. Mitomycin C 0.02% was applied, the flap was sutured with 10-0 Nylon, and a bandage contact lens was placed. The epithelialization of the interface after vitrectomy in a patient with LASIK could occur even when it is a rare complication and without obvious flap traumatism.

Glistening on intraocular lenses: A review.

The glistening in intraocular lenses (IOLs) is a phenomenon in which tiny water-filled microvacuoles (MVs) form within the IOL material, causing light to scatter and create a sparkling or shimmering effect. The presence of glistening is common in many types of IOL materials and models and has been extensively studied in recent years to determine its incidence, risk factors, evolution, and possible clinical relevance. Classically, it has been studied in vitro in the laboratory or by means of photography obtained with a slit lamp, but these were techniques that required either specific technology or an expert explorer, complex image processing, and required a lot of time. In recent years, proposals based on the Scheimpflug camera and optical coherence tomography have emerged to try to simplify the analysis of glistening in IOLs. It has been described that the manufacturing process, the hydrophobic acrylic material, or the time since surgery are risk factors for the appearance of glistening. In addition, many issues related to this phenomenon are still unknown, such as not knowing from what number of points or their size they may have relevance to visual function since different optical phenomena related to glistening have been described on the IOLs.

Assessment of the biometric modifications of the eye in LASIK during suction.

PURPOSE: To study the biometric modifications of the eyeball during suction in Laser assisted in Situ Keratomileusis (LASIK). METHODS: Observational and cross-sectional study. We studied 43 patients who underwent surgery for myopia and myopic astigmatism. Mean age was 38.3 ±â€¯11.5 years, and 19 were female (44.2%). Conventional LASIK surgery with a manual microkeratome was performed. Before and during the suction maneuvre the following parameters were measured using an 11 Mhz biometric probe: aqueous depth (AQD), lens thickness (LT), vitreous cavity length (VCL) and axial length (AXL). Paired t-test was used to compare the biometric measurements before and during suction. RESULTS: The mean spherical equivalent refractive error was -4.5 ±â€¯2.3 diopters. During suction, the AQD did not change significantly (p = 0.231). However, AXL and VCL increased by 0.12 mm and 0.22 mm respectively (p = 0.039 and <0.01) and LT decreased by 0.20 mm (p < 0.01). AXL increased in 42% of the eyes and decreased in 16%, VCL increased in 70% of the eyes and decreased in 9%, and the LT was reduced in 67% of the eyes. CONCLUSIONS: Suction maneuvres during LASIK surgery produce changes of little magnitude in the eye globe, mainly a decrease in LT and an increase in VCL and AXL. Therefore, these modifications are expected to produce minimal anatomic alterations.

Agreement between optical coherence and Scheimpflug tomography: Vault measurements and reproducibility after implantable collamer lens implantation.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the agreement between Scheimpflug tomography (Pentacam, Oculus) and anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT, RTVue 100, Optovue) as well as the reproducibility of each technique in assessing the lens-ICL distance (vault) after implantable collamer lens (ICL) implantation. METHODS: The vault was measured manually with Scheimpflug tomography and AS-OCT. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Bland-Altman plots were used to determine the reproducibility of measurements and the agreement between them. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of differences in vault measurements between devices. RESULTS: 80 eyes of 46 ICL patients were analyzed. Mean patient age was 33.8±7.4 years (range, 21 to 51), and 27 (59%) were women. The preoperative spherical equivalent refraction ranged from -26 to 8.5 diopters (D). The mean vault measured by AS-OCT was 558.8±240.2µm (range, 162 - 1220) vs. 430.1±215.3µm (range, 0 to 1070) by Pentacam. AS-OCT yielded vault values, on average, 128.1±64.6µm higher than the Pentacam (range, -22 to 293µm). The ICC values for consistency and absolute agreement were 0.960 and 0.928, respectively. Reproducibility of vault measurements was excellent for both devices (ICC≥0.946). Four parameters-vault, pupil diameter (PD), PD differences between devices, and preoperative spherical equivalent refraction-were significant predictors of differences in vault measurements (adjusted-R2=0.412; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Agreement between AS-OCT and Pentacam for vault measurement was good. Vaults were higher when measured by AS-OCT. These differences are clinically relevant, and therefore these devices cannot be used interchangeably to measure vault.

Agreement between Pentacam and optical coherence tomography in the assessment of iridocorneal angle width in a large healthy population.

PURPOSE: To analyze the agreement between Pentacam and optical coherence tomography (OCT) in the assessment of trabecular-iris angle (TIA) width in a large population of normal subjects. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed in 989 right eyes of 989 healthy subjects. The trabecular-iris angle (TIA) was measured in the temporal and nasal quadrants using the Pentacam (Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany), a device based on Scheimpflug technology and RTVue 100 OCT (Optovue, Fremont, CA, USA). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Bland-Altman plots were used to evaluate agreement between these devices. RESULTS: Mean age was 49.1±15.2 years (18-84); 61% were women and spherical error range was -14 to 8.25. TIA could be measured by OCT in 94.9% and 94.1% in the temporal and nasal quadrants, with a mean value of 35.8±13.2 degrees (2.5-78.7) and 35.7±12.9 degrees (2.2-76.8) respectively. TIA was able to be measured by Pentacam in 95.2% and 95% in the temporal and nasal quadrants and means were 35.7±7.3 degrees (11-74.2) and 36.4±8.2 degrees (14.5-64) respectively. An ICC of 0.378 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.322-0.431) and 0.589 (95% CI 0.546-0.629) for the temporal and nasal quadrants was obtained, showing moderate agreement between the devices. Bland-Altman plots revealed that, compared with OCT, Pentacam tends to overestimate measurements in narrow angles and underestimate these in open angles. CONCLUSIONS: Agreement between OCT and Pentacam was mediocre, indicating the two devices are not interchangeable when used to measure angle width.

Pseudoexfoliation signs in the anterior segment assessed by optical coherence tomography and Scheimpflug device. / Evaluación de los signos de la pseudoexfoliación en el segmento anterior mediante tomografía de coherencia óptica y cámara de Scheimpflug.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate different anterior segment parameters in eyes with pseudoexfoliation (PSX), fellow eyes, and controls using optical coherence tomography and a Scheimpflug imaging system. METHODS: Three groups were studied: 44 eyes of 44 patients with PSX, 30 clinically unaffected fellow eyes, and 148 eyes of 148 healthy controls. The anterior chamber depth and volume, corneal volume and thickness, pupil diameter and corneal densitometry were measured using a Scheimpflug imaging system (Pentacam, Oculus Inc.; Wetzlar, Germany). The angle width, the length and area of the trabecular meshwork, and the iris thickness were measured using an optical coherence tomography RTVue 100 device (Optovue, Fremont, CA, USA). The presence of PSX deposits was also assessed by OCT. RESULTS: There were no differences in the anterior chamber volume or depth in the corneal volume or central thickness (P≥.228). The corneal densitometry was similar between PSX and fellow eyes; however it was greater than in the control group (P<.001). As regards the parameters measured by OCT, there were no differences in the angle width or in the trabecular meshwork size between the 3 groups; however, the iris was thinner in controls (P=.005). In all patients the PSX deposits were correctly visualised by OCT after the identification by biomicroscopy. CONCLUSIONS: There were no differences in the anterior segment biometric measurements between patients with PSX and controls, although the corneal densitometry and iris thickness were greater in the PSX and fellow eyes groups.

[Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in the Regional Comunity of Extremadura. 1997-2001 (Extremadura Project to Prevent Blindness)]. / Prevalencia de retinopatía diabética en la Comunidad Autónoma de Extremadura. 1997-2001 (Proyecto Extremadura para Prevención de la Ceguera).

OBJECTIVE: To establish the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR), types and risk factors in a diabetic population in Extremadura. METHODS: A cross-sectional study, with prospective data collection, was performed between 1997 and 2001 on 3,114 randomly selected diabetic patients belonging to 13 Diabetologic Assistance Centers. We evaluated: age, gender, type, treatment, duration of diabetes and blood pressure levels. Two color fundus photographs were taken and ophthalmoscopy was performed on both eyes. Data were analyzed using SPSS (11.5). RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 63.8 (SD13.4) years, 7.5% were type 1 diabetics, 31.1% were insulin-treated and 46.0% had elevated blood pressure. Prevalence of DR was 35.7%, macular edema: 5.6% and proliferative DR: 5.3%. Multivariate analysis showed that type 1 diabetics have a DR frequency 1.79 times higher than type 2 diabetics (ORaj 1.79; IC 95% 1.22-2.63; p=0.003). Patients who have been diabetic for 5-10 years have a frequency 2 times higher (ORaj 2.00; IC 95% 1.62-2.45; p<0.001), patients diabetic for more than 15 years have a frequency 5.48 times higher (ORaj 5.48; IC 95% 4.33-6.93; p<0.001) than patients who have been diabetic for less than 5 years. The frequency of DR in patients aged more than 60 years is 23% higher than those under that age. (ORaj 1.23; IC 95% 1.01-1.50; p=0.045). CONCLUSIONS: 37.5% of the diabetic population in Extremadura is affected by diabetic retinopathy. New analyses are necessary in this population to detect the existence of other high risk subgroups in order to reduce these high prevalence levels.

El glistening de las lentes intraoculares: revisión de la literatura / Glistening on intraocular lenses: a review

El glistening en las lentes intraoculares (LIO) es un fenómeno en el que se forman diminutas microvacuolas llenas de agua dentro del material de la LIO, lo que hace que la luz se disperse y cree un efecto centelleante o reluciente. La presencia del glistening es frecuente en muchos tipos de materiales y modelos de LIO, y se ha estudiado ampliamente en los últimos años para conocer su incidencia, factores de riesgo, evolución y posible relevancia clínica. Clásicamente se ha estudiado in vitro en laboratorio o mediante fotografía obtenida con lámpara de hendidura. Sin embargo, son técnicas que requieren de un explorador experto, además de requerir mucho tiempo y un complejo procesado de las imágenes. En los últimos años, han surgido propuestas basadas en la cámara de Scheimpflug y en la tomografía de coherencia óptica como forma de simplificar el análisis del glistening en las LIO. Se ha descrito que tanto el proceso de fabricación, como el propio material acrílico hidrofóbico, y el tiempo desde la cirugía son factores de riesgo relacionados con la aparición de glistening. Además, aún se desconocen numerosas cuestiones relacionadas con este fenómeno, como la cantidad de puntos o el tamaño de los mismos necesarios para causar afectación de la función visual, ya que se han descrito diferentes fenómenos ópticos relacionados con el glistening de las LIO (AU)

The glistening in intraocular lenses (IOLs) is a phenomenon in which tiny water-filled microvacuoles form within the IOL material, causing light to scatter and create a sparkling or shimmering effect. The presence of glistening is common in many types of IOL materials and models and has been extensively studied in recent years to determine its incidence, risk factors, evolution, and possible clinical relevance. Classically, it has been studied in vitro in the laboratory or by means of photography obtained with a slit lamp, but these were techniques that required either specific technology or an expert explorer, complex image processing, and required a lot of time. In recent years, proposals based on the Scheimpflug camera and optical coherence tomography have emerged to try to simplify the analysis of glistening in IOLs. It has been described that the manufacturing process, the hydrophobic acrylic material, or the time since surgery are risk factors for the appearance of glistening. In addition, many issues related to this phenomenon are still unknown, such as not knowing from what number of points or their size they may have relevance to visual function since different optical phenomena related to glistening have been described on the IOLs (AU)

Evaluación de las modificaciones biométricas del ojo durante la succión del LASIK / Assessment of the biometric modifications of the eye in LASIK during suction

Objetivo Estudiar las modificaciones biométricas del globo ocular durante la succión en la cirugía de queratomileusis in situ asistida por láser (LASIK). Métodos Estudio observacional transversal. Se estudiaron 43 pacientes intervenidos de miopía y astigmatismo miópico. La edad media fue de 38,3 ± 11,5 años, 19 eran mujeres (44,2%). Se realizó una cirugía LASIK convencional con microqueratomo manual. Antes y durante la maniobra de succión se midieron los siguientes parámetros mediante una sonda biométrica de 11 Mhz: profundidad acuosa (AQD), espesor del cristalino (EC), longitud de la cavidad vítrea (LCV) y longitud axial (LA). Se utilizó la prueba t pareada para comparar las medidas biométricas antes y durante la succión. Resultados El equivalente esférico medio fue de -4,5 ± 2,3 dioptrías. Durante la succión, la AQD no aumentó significativamente (p = 0,231). Sin embargo, la LA y LCV aumentaron en 0,12 mm y 0,2 mm, respectivamente (p = 0,039 y < 0,01) y EC disminuyó en 0,20 mm (p < 0,01). La LA aumentó en 42% de los ojos y disminuyó en 16%, mientras que la LCV aumentó en 70% de los ojos y disminuyó en 9%, y el EC se redujo en 67% de los ojos. Conclusiones Las maniobras de succión durante la cirugía LASIK producen cambios de poca magnitud en el globo ocular, principalmente disminución de EC y aumento de LCV y LA. Por lo tanto, es esperable que estas modificaciones produzcan alteraciones anatómicas mínimas (AU)

Purpose To study the biometric modifications of the eyeball during suction in laser assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). Methods Observational and cross-sectional study. We studied 43 patients who underwent surgery for myopia and myopic astigmatism. Mean age was 38.3±11.5 years, and 19 were female (44.2%). Conventional LASIK surgery with a manual microkeratome was performed. Before and during the suction maneuvre the following parameters were measured using an 11 MHz biometric probe: aqueous depth (AQD), lens thickness (LT), vitreous cavity length (VCL) and axial length (AXL). Paired t-test was used to compare the biometric measurements before and during suction. Results The mean spherical equivalent refractive error was −4.5±2.3 diopters. During suction, the AQD did not change significantly (p = 0.231). However, AXL and VCL increased by 0.12 mm and 0.22 mm respectively (p = 0.039 and <0.01) and LT decreased by 0.20 mm (p<0.01). AXL increased in 42% of the eyes and decreased in 16%, VCL increased in 70% of the eyes and decreased in 9%, and the LT was reduced in 67% of the eyes. Conclusions Suction maneuvres during LASIK surgery produce changes of little magnitude in the eye globe, mainly a decrease in LT and an increase in VCL and AXL. Therefore, these modifications are expected to produce minimal anatomic alterations (AU)

Evaluación de los signos de la pseudoexfoliación en el segmento anterior mediante tomografía de coherencia óptica y cámara de Scheimpflug / Pseudoexfoliation signs in the anterior segment assessed by optical coherence tomography and Scheimpflug device

Objetivo: Evaluar diferentes parámetros del segmento anterior en ojos con pseudoexfoliación (PSX), ojos contralaterales y controles mediante tomografía de coherencia óptica (OCT) y cámara Scheimpflug. Métodos: Se estudiaron 3 grupos: 44 ojos de 44 pacientes con PSX, 30 ojos contralaterales no afectos y 148 ojos de 148 controles sanos. Mediante la cámara de Scheimpflug (Pentacam, Oculus Inc.; Wetzlar, Alemania) se midieron la profundidad y volumen de la cámara anterior, volumen corneal y paquimetría, diámetro pupilar y densitometría corneal. Mediante OCT RTVue 100 (Optovue, Fremont, CA, EE. UU.) se midieron la abertura angular, la longitud y el área de la malla trabecular, el grosor del iris, y se valoró la visualización de depósitos PSX. Resultados. No se observaron diferencias en cuanto a la profundidad ni volumen de la cámara anterior, ni en el volumen corneal o paquimetría (p≥0,228 en todos los parámetros) entre grupos. Sin embargo, la densitometría corneal fue mayor en PSX y en los ojos contralaterales que en el grupo control (p < 0,001). En cuanto a los parámetros de OCT no existieron diferencias en la abertura angular ni en el tamaño de la malla entre los 3 grupos, siendo el grosor del iris menor en controles (p = 0,005); identificándose en todos los pacientes el depósito PSX mediante OCT. Conclusiones: No se detectaron diferencias entre las medidas biométricas del segmento anterior entre los pacientes con PSX y controles, salvo en el caso de la densitometría corneal central y el grosor del iris que fueron mayores en el grupo con PSX y en los ojos contralaterales (AU)

Objective: To evaluate different anterior segment parameters in eyes with pseudoexfoliation (PSX), fellow eyes, and controls using optical coherence tomography and a Scheimpflug imaging system. Methods: Three groups were studied: 44 eyes of 44 patients with PSX, 30 clinically unaffected fellow eyes, and 148 eyes of 148 healthy controls. The anterior chamber depth and volume, corneal volume and thickness, pupil diameter and corneal densitometry were measured using a Scheimpflug imaging system (Pentacam, Oculus Inc.; Wetzlar, Germany). The angle width, the length and area of the trabecular meshwork, and the iris thickness were measured using an optical coherence tomography RTVue 100 device (Optovue, Fremont, CA, USA). The presence of PSX deposits was also assessed by OCT. Results: There were no differences in the anterior chamber volume or depth in the corneal volume or central thickness (P ≥ .228). The corneal densitometry was similar between PSX and fellow eyes; however it was greater than in the control group (P < .001). As regards the parameters measured by OCT, there were no differences in the angle width or in the trabecular meshwork size between the 3 groups; however, the iris was thinner in controls (P = .005). In all patients the PSX deposits were correctly visualised by OCT after the identification by biomicroscopy. Conclusions: There were no differences in the anterior segment biometric measurements between patients with PSX and controls, although the corneal densitometry and iris thickness were greater in the PSX and fellow eyes groups (AU)

Prevalencia de retinopatía diabética en la Comunidad Autónoma de Extremadura. 1997-2001 (Proyecto Extramadura para prevención de la ceguera) / Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in the regional comunity of Extremadura. 1997-2001 (Extremadura Project to prevent blindness)

Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de retinopatía diabética (RD), de sus tipos y factores de riesgo en una población diabética de Extremadura.Métodos: Estudio transversal con recogida de la información prospectiva sobre 3.114 diabéticos procedentes de 13 centros de asistencia diabetológica seleccionados al azar entre 1997 y 2001. Se valoraron: edad, sexo, tipo, tratamiento y tiempo de evolución de la diabetes y diagnóstico de hipertensión arterial (HTA). Se realizaron dos retinografías por ojo además del estudio oftalmoscópico. Los datos fueron analizados mediante el SPSS (11.5).Resultados: La edad media fue 63,8 (DE 13,4) años, eran tipo 1 el 7,5%, insulin-tratados el 31,1% e hipertensos el 46%. La prevalencia de RD fue 35,7%, edema macular: 5,6% y RD proliferante: 5,3%. El análisis multivariante mostró que los tipo 1 tienen una frecuencia de RD 1,79 veces superior que los tipo 2 (ORaj 1,79; IC 95% 1,22-2,63; p=0,003). Los pacientes con evolución entre 5-10 años tienen una frecuencia 2 veces superior (ORaj 2,00; IC 95% 1,62-2,45; p<0,001) y los de más de 15 años 5,48 veces superior (ORaj 5,48; IC 95% 4,33-6,93; p<0,001) que los de menos de 5 años. Los pacientes de mas de 60 años tienen una frecuencia de RD un 23% superior a los pacientes con 60 años o menos (ORaj 1,23; IC 95% 1,01-1,50; p=0,045).Conclusiones: La retinopatía diabética afecta al 37,5% de la población diabética de la Comunidad Autónoma de Extremadura. Son necesarios nuevos análisis en esta población para detectar la existencia de subgrupos de riesgo que nos permitan actuar para reducir estas elevadas prevalencias

Objective: To establish the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR), types and risk factors in a diabetic population in Extremadura.Methods: A cross-sectional study, with prospective data collection, was performed between 1997 and 2001 on 3,114 randomly selected diabetic patients belonging to 13 Diabetologic Assistance Centers. We evaluated: age, gender, type, treatment, duration of diabetes and blood pressure levels. Two color fundus photographs were taken and ophthalmoscopy was performed on both eyes. Data were analyzed using SPSS (11.5).Results: The mean age of the patients was 63.8 (SD13.4) years, 7.5% were type 1 diabetics, 31.1% were insulin-treated and 46.0% had elevated blood pressure. Prevalence of DR was 35.7%, macular edema: 5.6% and proliferative DR: 5.3%. Multivariate analysis showed that type 1 diabetics have a DR frequency 1.79 times higher than type 2 diabetics (ORaj 1.79; IC 95% 1.22-2.63; p=0.003). Patients who have been diabetic for 5-10 years have a frequency 2 times higher (ORaj 2.00; IC 95% 1.62-2.45; p<0.001), patients diabetic for more than 15 years have a frequency 5.48 times higher (ORaj 5.48; IC 95% 4.33-6.93; p<0.001) than patients who have been diabetic for less than 5 years. The frequency of DR in patients aged more than 60 years is 23% higher than those under that age. (ORaj 1.23; IC 95% 1.01-1.50; p=0.045).Conclusions: 37.5% of the diabetic population in Extremadura is affected by diabetic retinopathy. New analyses are necessary in this population to detect the existence of other high risk subgroups in order to reduce these high prevalence levels

Prevalencia de ceguera en una población diabética y una población control del Centro de Salud de Torrejoncillo. Cáceres. Estudio epidemiológico comparativo

Estudio epidemiológico de sección transversa sobre 242 diabéticos y 291 controles pertenecientes al Centro de Salud de Torrejoncillo (Cáceres), cuyo objetivo es determinar la prevalencia de ceguera, comparando los resultados obtenidos en ambas poblaciones y con los de trabajos anteriores. Entre los diabéticos. El 66,1 por ciento eran mujeres y el 33,9 por ciento varones; la edad media de los pacientes fue de 63,9 años (DE 22,8); el 93,4 por ciento eran diabéticos tipo 2 y el 6,6 por ciento tipo 1; el 43,4 por ciento estaba en tratamiento con antidiabéticos orales y el 19,8 por ciento con insulina; el 50,4 por ciento llevaba menos de 5 años de evolución de la diabetes y el 17,3 por ciento más de 15 años. Entre los controles, el 60,1 eran hombres y el 39,9 por ciento eran mujeres, la edad media fue de 51,29 años (DE 18). La prevalencia de ceguera encontrada por pacientes en los diabéticos fue de 2,9 por ciento y en los controles de 2,1 por ciento, no siendo estas diferencias estadísticamente significativas. La prevalencia de ceguera se asoció en los diabéticos con el sexo, la edad, el tiempo de evolución y el tratamiento de la DM. En la población control se asoció con la edad. En el análisis de la regresión logística en los pacientes diabéticos, la edad y el tratamiento de la DM influyen sobre la frecuencia de padecer ceguera (AU)

Estudio comparativo sobre causas de ceguera entre una población diabética y una población control de Badajoz / Comparative study on the causes of blindness among the diabetic population and a control population of Badajoz

Estudio epidemiológico de sección transversa que tiene como objetivo estudiar las causas de ceguera y conocer sus frecuencias, comparando los resultados obtenidos en ambas poblaciones y con los de trabajos anteriores. Se han estudiado 762 diabéticos y 896 controles pertenecientes a distintos Centros de Salud de la ciudad de Badajoz. Entre los diabéticos, el 60,8 por ciento eran mujeres y el 39,2 por ciento eran varones; la edad media fue de 66,2 ñ 11,4 años; el 95,3 por ciento pertenecía al tipo 2 de diabetes y el 4,7 por ciento al tipo 1; el 52,8 por ciento estaba en tratamiento con antidiabéticos orales (ADO) y el 29 por ciento con insulina; el 37,1 por ciento llevaba menos de 5 años de duración de su diabetes y el 20,5 por ciento más de 15 años. Entre los controles, el 51,2 por ciento eran varones y el 48,8 por ciento eran mujeres; la edad media fue de 65,1 ñ 11,6 años. En los pacientes diabéticos: retinopatía diabética (RD), catarata, degeneración macular asociada a la edad (DMAE), glaucoma y miopía. En los Controles: DMAE, miopía, catarata y glaucoma (AU)

Prevalencia a de retinopatía diabética en el Centro de Salud de Torrejoncillo (Cáceres) / Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in the Health Care Center of Torrejoncillo (Cáceres)

Estudio epidemiológico de sección transversa sobre 242 diabéticos del Centro de Salud de 1 orrejoncillo (Cáceres), cuyo objetivo es estudiar la prevalencia de retinopatía diabética y sus tipos y comparar los resultados con los de otros estudios. El 66,1 por ciento eran mujeres y el 33,9 por ciento varones; la edad media de los pacientes fue de 63,9 años; el 93,4 por ciento eran diabéticos tipo 2 y el 6,6 por ciento tipo 1; el 43,4 por ciento estaba en tratamiento con antidiabéticos orales y el 19,8 por ciento con insulina; el 50,4 por ciento llevaba menos de 5 años de evolución de la diabetes y el 17,3 por ciento más de 15 años. La prevalencia de retinopatía diabética encontrada fue de 23,4 por ciento, siendo las variables más influyentes el tiempo de evolución de la diabetes y el tratamiento con insulina. (AU)