Nutritional state during COPD exacerbation: clinical and prognostic implications.

AIMS: To estimate the prevalence of malnutrition in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients hospitalized for exacerbation and to evaluate its clinical and prognostic influence on the exacerbation. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The subjects were 78 consecutive patients with moderate-to-severe COPD who were admitted to hospital with a diagnosis of exacerbation. Nutritional status was assessed by means of body mass index (BMI), bioelectric impedance analysis and levels of plasmatic albumin. Previous spirometry, 6-min walk test, severity of the exacerbation, days of hospitalization and readmission in the following 3 months were also evaluated. RESULTS: Malnutrition [BMI <20 or fat-free mass (FFM) index

Comparison of methods of carbamazepine dosage, individualization in epileptic patients.

The aim of the present work was to analyse the predictive capacity of different optimization methods for carbamazepine dosage regimens according to population pharmacokinetic parameters and/or serum levels data. Calculations were performed using a multiple non-linear regression program (MULTI 2 BAYES) with two different options: (a) using the ordinary least squares methods and (b) the least squares method based on the Bayesian algorithm. The predictive capacity of the three methods was analysed comparing the serum levels values in patients predicted by each method and those observed later. The performance obtained was poor and even unacceptable when dosage prediction was based on the mean parameters of the population studied (Method A) and when only one data point relating to the serum carbamazepine levels was available (Method B). When two serum levels data were used the standard deviation of the mean prediction error was only clinically acceptable when Bayesian non-linear regression was applied (Method C). When the number of serum levels data points was 3 or 4 the errors were acceptable from a clinical point of view and no significant differences could be found between the use of the simple and Bayesian version at the same level of information.

Estudio de la proteína C reactiva como marcador sérico de riesgo cardíaco en varones adultos sanos / No disponible

Objetivo. El objetivo de este estudio es establecer valores de referencia para las concentraciones de proteína C-reactiva (PCR) en suero en adultos sanos y sin hábitos tóxicos, tomando en consideración las repercusiones de la edad. Material y métodos. La muestra incluía a 238 varones sanos que pasaron por estudios clínicos y analíticos y psicotécnicos. Las concentraciones en suero de PCR fueron determinadas usando US de prueba (látex) de PCR de immunoturbidimetric ultrasensible, realizándose un estudio descriptivo y dos estudios analíticos. Resultados. La concentración media de PCR en suero fue de 1,5 mg/L (95% CI; 1,35-1,69miligramos/L). La tendencia de PCR tiende a aumentar con la edad. En nuestra muestra, de los individuos menores de 40 años, el 61,5%, tenían valores inferiores a 1 mg/L, mmientras que un 62,9% de los mayores de 40 años tenían niveles más altos. Cuando los valores de concentración de suero eran superiores a 3 mg/L, no encontramos ninguna relación estadística con la edad. Conclusiones. 1. El riesgo de tener concentraciones de PCR superiores a 1 mg/L después de los 40 años es 2,71 veces superior. 2. El 13,8% de nuestra población de estudio aparentemente sana tenía valores más altos de 3 mg/L, indicando riesgo cardiovascular alto

Obejctive. The aim of this study was to stablish reference values for C-reactive protein (CRP)concentrations in serum in healthy adults with no toxic habits, taking into consideration the repercussions of age. Material and Methods. The sample included 238 healthy males who underwent clinical, a nalytical and psychotechnical studies. Serum concentrations of CRP were determined using the ultra-sensitive immunoturbidimetric CRP test (Latex) US, and a descriptive study and two analytical studies were carried out. Results. Mena serum concentration of CRP was 1.5 mg/L (95% CI; 1,35-1,69 mg/L). CRP tends to increase with age. Inour subjects under the age of 40, 61,5% has values less than 1 mg/L, while 62,9% of those over the age of 40 had higher levels. When the serum concentration values were higher than 3 mg/L, we found no statistical relationship with age. Conclusions. 1. The risk of having CRP concentrations higher than 1 mg/L after the age of 40 was, 2,71 times greater. 2. 13,8% of our apparently healthy study population had values higher than 3 mg/L, indicating high cardiovascular risk

Concentración sérica de proteína C reactiva en varones adultos sanos / No disponible

No disponible

Linfoma de tejido linfoide asociado al bronquio / Lymphoma of bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue

No disponible