Rapidly rising cases with Omicron in Senegal.

•Omicron variant continues to progress in Senegal with the appearance of new contaminations.•IRESSEF detected the first positive case of the Omicron variant on Friday, December 3, 2021.•Since this date, the number of Omicron variant infections has increased over the weeks.•Molecular surveillance of the Omicron variant is carried out in real time to inform the medical authorities.

[Preliminary study of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia diagnosed by induced expectoration in HIV positive patients in Dakar]. / Etude préliminaire de la pneumopathie à Pneumocystis carinii diagnostiquée par expectoration induite chez des patients VIH positifs à Dakar.

Rapid noninvasive diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii from induced liquefied sputum is a very easy and not costly method. It was using for a first time at the Infectious Diseases Department at Dakar in 27 HIV seropositive patients from July to November 1992. Six cases of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) was diagnosed, with a prevalence of 22.2%. In this study PCP was found in both HIV-1 and HIV-2 patients. Clinical and radiological aspects are not specific. PCP was also found in patients with CD4 below than 200 per cubic millimeter. Co-infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis is possible.

PIP: Between July and November 1992, in Senegal, health workers took sputum samples from 27 HIV-positive patients (19 men and 8 women) aged 20-66 at the infectious disease service of Fann University Hospital Center in Dakar so researchers could determine the prevalence of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia among HIV-positive patients and specify the characteristics of P. carinii pneumonia among HIV-positive patients in Dakar. The simple, effective, and low-cost technique used was coloration of the sputum with Toluidine O. 70.3% had HIV-1 infection, 26% had HIV-2 infection, and 3.7% had both HIV-1 and HIV-2 infection. 55.5% had CD4 counts under 200/cu. mm. 40.7% had higher CD4 counts. The CD4 count could not be measured in one patient. Six (22.2%) tested positive for P. carinii. Four of the patients with P. carinii pneumonia were HIV-1 positive. The other two were HIV-2 positive. 83.3% had fever and were becoming thinner. 33.3% had a cough. 16.6% had difficulty breathing. One patient with P. carinii infection was asymptomatic. Two pneumocystis patients had diffuse interstitial infiltration and perihilar infiltration. Another patient also had pulmonary tuberculosis. The CD4 count for 80% of HIV-infected patients who tested positive for P. carinii pneumonia was less than 200/cu. mm.