The predominant insertion of the ischiofemoral ligament is a merging to the iliofemoral ligament as demonstrated on magnetic resonance arthrogram studies.

BACKGROUND: The capsular ligaments at the hip joint work in synchrony with the acetabulum and femoral head for articular stability. There is a lack of understanding about ischiofemoral ligament (ISFL) anatomy and function. PURPOSE: To assess the insertion of the ISFL in non-arthritic adult hips. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed in 72 patients who underwent magnetic resonance arthrogram (MRA) for the assessment of hip pain. The distribution of the ISFL components, the thickness, and the insertion site were assessed by concomitantly using the axial oblique, coronal, and sagittal MRA images. RESULTS: Two insertions of the ISFL anterior to the center of the femoral head were identified in 71 (99%) hips: (i) predominant anterior merging with the iliofemoral ligament as continuation of zona orbicularis, observed in all hips; and (ii) anterolateral junction of femoral neck and greater trochanter. Two ISFL parts (proximal and distal) were identified in 70 (97%) of the 72 studied hips. The proximal part was always thinner (mean 2.6 ± 0.7 mm) and originated from the ischium at the acetabular rim. The distal part was a continuation of the zona orbicularis, and the mean thickness was 6.7 ± 1.6 mm. Both parts merged as they coursed over the superior portion of the femoral head. CONCLUSION: The predominant insertion of the ischiofemoral ligament is a merging to the iliofemoral ligament anteriorly. Surgical procedures such as hip arthroscopy involving the ISFL will affect the function of the iliofemoral ligament, and vice versa.

Primary pulmonary Ewing sarcoma/peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor.

Ewing sarcoma/peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor (ES/pPNET) is a malignant small round cell sarcoma commonly occurring among children, adolescents, and adults. We report a rare case of ES/pPNET arising from the lung in a 49-year-old woman. She was found to have a mass in the right lung on a screening imaging study for her BRCA2 mutation. A lobectomy was performed and the mass had histological, immunohistochemical, and molecular features of ES/pPNET. Few cases of primary pulmonary Ewing sarcoma have been reported.