Analysis of Informative Content on Cerebral Palsy Presented in Brazilian-Portuguese YouTube Videos.

Aims: To describe the characteristics of the most accessed YouTube videos in Brazilian-Portuguese on cerebral palsy (CP), and to analyze content of informational videos about this topic.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Searching on YouTube website was conducted by two independent examiners between November and December 2019, using the keywords "Paralisia Cerebral" sorted by videos' number of views. Videos that did not present content related to CP or duplicate videos were excluded. The interaction parameters and content characteristics of the included videos were extracted. To access the trustworthiness and quality of informational videos, the modified Discern checklist and the Global Quality Score was used.Results: Following the eligibility criteria 90 videos were included. Fifty-three (53) were classified as experiential videos and 37 as informational videos. Informational videos presented multi-topics about different aspects of CP. This group of videos presented moderate trustworthiness due to the lack of scientific evidence content. Informational videos had good quality and generally good flow.Conclusion: YouTube presented a large number of videos about CP in Brazilian-Portuguese. Informational videos are useful for patients and healthcare providers; however, it is necessary to included information about scientific evidence, as a strategy to facilitate and promote knowledge translation.

The reduction in small ribosomal subunit abundance in ethanol-stressed cells of Bacillus subtilis is mediated by a SigB-dependent antisense RNA.

One of the best-characterized general stress responses in bacteria is the σB-mediated stress response of the Gram-positive soil bacterium Bacillus subtilis. The σB regulon contains approximately 200 protein-encoding genes and 136 putative regulatory RNAs. One of these σB-dependent RNAs, named S1136-S1134, was recently mapped as being transcribed from the S1136 promoter on the opposite strand of the essential rpsD gene, which encodes the ribosomal primary-binding protein S4. Accordingly, S1136-S1134 transcription results in an rpsD-overlapping antisense RNA (asRNA). Upon exposure of B. subtilis to ethanol, the S1136 promoter was found to be induced, while rpsD transcription was downregulated. By quantitative PCR, we show that the activation of transcription from the S1136 promoter is directly responsible for the downregulation of rpsD upon ethanol exposure. We also show that this downregulation of rpsD leads to a reduced level of the small (30S) ribosomal subunit upon ethanol stress. The activation of the S1136 promoter thus represents the first example of antisense transcription-mediated regulation in the general stress response of B. subtilis and implicates the reduction of ribosomal protein abundance as a new aspect in the σB-dependent stress response. We propose that the observed reduction in the level of the small ribosomal subunit, which contains the ribosome-decoding center, may protect B. subtilis cells against misreading and spurious translation of possibly toxic aberrant peptides under conditions of ethanol stress.

Hybrid developmental follow-up for preterm infants in Brazil: A feasibility study.

INTRODUCTION: The low attendance of families in child developmental follow-up programs for at-risk preterm children is a challenge in Brazil. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates the feasibility of implementing a developmental follow-up program for Brazilian preterm infants in a hybrid format. METHODS: This is an observational, prospective cohort study, involving preterm infants. Longitudinal developmental test results, the participation frequency in the program, and the number of referrals to early intervention programs were used to assess feasibility. The General Movements (GMs) assessment, Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) and, Survey of Wellbeing of Young Children (SWYC) Milestones were administered via telehealth. The Bayley-III was administered in-person. RESULTS: Thirty-four preterm infants attended the follow-up until 12 months of corrected age and 18 (52.9 %) concluded all follow-up assessments. Twenty-six (76.5 %) attended all assessments via telehealth, and 26 (76.5 %) attended the in-person assessment. Eighteen (52.9 %) infants showed at least one altered result in development tests. Infants exhibiting abnormal results in the GMs assessment, motor developmental delay according to the AIMS, or developmental delay based on Balley-III were promptly referred to early intervention services. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated high participation rate and low dropout in a developmental follow-up program employing a hybrid format. The substantial number of identified infants with developmental delay emphasizes the importance of timely detection of motor delays to referral to early intervention services.

Clinical factors associated with abnormal general movements of preterm newborns during hospitalization in a neonatal intensive care unit.

INTRODUCTION: There is no clarity about which clinical variables during hospitalization in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) are associated with abnormal General Movements (GMs). OBJECTIVE: To describe the trajectory of GMs of preterm newborns and explore the association between clinical variables and the presence of abnormal GMs during the NICU stay. METHODS: Fifty-eight preterm newborns (33 males), with a mean gestational age at birth of 31,93 week's postmenstrual age, were evaluated using the GMs assessment by Hadders-Algra method. Clinical variables recorded weekly throughout the hospitalization period. The weekly association between clinical variables and the presence of abnormal GMs was tested using the Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) model. RESULTS: Preterm infants were recorded for up to sixteen weeks and more than half of the infants (56.9 %) had abnormal movements in at least one week during hospitalization. The absence of peri-intraventricular hemorrhage (PIVH) grades I-II and non-invasive ventilatory support and/or oxygen therapy on the day of the evaluation reduced, respectively, by 77.3 % (OR = 0.23; p > 0.0001) and 64.3 % (OR = 0.36; p > 0.0001) the chance of having an abnormal classification. In addition, each day of increased invasive mechanical ventilation increased the chance of having an abnormal classification by 1.11 times (OR = 0.025; p > 0.0001). CONCLUSION: PIVH grades I-II, longer durations of mechanical ventilation and the presence of non-invasive ventilatory support and/or oxygen therapy are associated with abnormal movements during stay in the neonatal period. The data suggest that development outcome of infants having these conditions should be closely monitored.

Professional qualification of Brazilian Speech-Language Pathologists and its impacts on the Blue Dye Test (BDT). / Formação profissional do fonoaudiólogo brasileiro e seu impacto na aplicação do Blue Dye Test (BDT).

PURPOSE: To characterize the professional profile of Speech Pathologists working in health services in Brazil and to verify if the time length of professional practice, specialized formation and experience in dysphagia contribute to the more adequate interpretation and application of the Blue Dye Test (BDT). METHODS: Through social medias and class entities, speech pathologists from all over Brazil were contacted by e-mail, that provided them a link from which they could access the online quiz, containing questions about the professional profile and the application of the BDT. The responses were categorized dichotomously according to the most robust scientific researches on the BDT and were compared statistically according to time length of professional practice, specialized formation and experience in dysphagia. RESULTS: 145 speech pathologists participated, 91.7% of them females. Most work in hospitals, have 11 to 15 years of profession (27.6%), and working from 1 to 5 years in the area of dysphagia (32.4%). Professionals with lato sensu training (54.3%) and with more than a decade of profession (58.1%) showed greater adequacy in interpreting the positive result of BDT. CONCLUSION: The present study reinforces the important role of specialized training in dysphagia in addition to continuing health educational practices in determining the excellence of clinical speech therapy, especially with tracheostomized patients after intubation and at risk of bronchoaspiration.

OBJETIVO: Caracterizar o perfil dos profissionais de Fonoaudiologia atuantes nos serviços de saúde do território brasileiro e verificar se o tempo de profissão, formação especializada e o tempo de experiência em disfagia contribuem para a interpretação e aplicação mais adequada do Blue Dye Test (BDT). MÉTODO: Por meio de mídias sociais e órgãos de classe, profissionais fonoaudiólogos de todo território nacional foram contactados por e-mail, com envio de um link para acessar um questionário online, contendo perguntas sobre o perfil profissional e a aplicação do BDT. As respostas foram categorizadas de forma dicotômica de acordo com as referências científicas mais robustas do BDT e foram comparadas estatisticamente de acordo com o tempo de profissão, formação especializada e o tempo de experiência. RESULTADOS: Participaram 145 fonoaudiólogos, com predomínio do sexo feminino (91,7%). A maioria atuante em hospitais, com 11 a 15 anos de profissão (27,6%) e de 1 a 5 anos na área de disfagia (32,4%). Profissionais com formação lato sensu (54,3%) e com mais de uma década de profissão (58,1%) apresentaram maior adequação na interpretação do resultado positivo do BDT. CONCLUSÃO: O presente estudo reforça o importante papel da formação especializada em disfagia e das práticas de educação continuada em saúde, na determinação da atuação fonoaudiológica clínica de excelência, principalmente com pacientes traqueostomizados pós intubação e com risco de broncoaspiração.

Formação profissional do fonoaudiólogo brasileiro e seu impacto na aplicação do Blue Dye Test (BDT) / Professional qualification of Brazilian Speech-Language Pathologists and its impacts on the Blue Dye Test (BDT)

RESUMO Objetivo Caracterizar o perfil dos profissionais de Fonoaudiologia atuantes nos serviços de saúde do território brasileiro e verificar se o tempo de profissão, formação especializada e o tempo de experiência em disfagia contribuem para a interpretação e aplicação mais adequada do Blue Dye Test (BDT). Método Por meio de mídias sociais e órgãos de classe, profissionais fonoaudiólogos de todo território nacional foram contactados por e-mail, com envio de um link para acessar um questionário online, contendo perguntas sobre o perfil profissional e a aplicação do BDT. As respostas foram categorizadas de forma dicotômica de acordo com as referências científicas mais robustas do BDT e foram comparadas estatisticamente de acordo com o tempo de profissão, formação especializada e o tempo de experiência. Resultados Participaram 145 fonoaudiólogos, com predomínio do sexo feminino (91,7%). A maioria atuante em hospitais, com 11 a 15 anos de profissão (27,6%) e de 1 a 5 anos na área de disfagia (32,4%). Profissionais com formação lato sensu (54,3%) e com mais de uma década de profissão (58,1%) apresentaram maior adequação na interpretação do resultado positivo do BDT. Conclusão O presente estudo reforça o importante papel da formação especializada em disfagia e das práticas de educação continuada em saúde, na determinação da atuação fonoaudiológica clínica de excelência, principalmente com pacientes traqueostomizados pós intubação e com risco de broncoaspiração.

ABSTRACT Purpose To characterize the professional profile of Speech Pathologists working in health services in Brazil and to verify if the time length of professional practice, specialized formation and experience in dysphagia contribute to the more adequate interpretation and application of the Blue Dye Test (BDT). Methods Through social medias and class entities, speech pathologists from all over Brazil were contacted by e-mail, that provided them a link from which they could access the online quiz, containing questions about the professional profile and the application of the BDT. The responses were categorized dichotomously according to the most robust scientific researches on the BDT and were compared statistically according to time length of professional practice, specialized formation and experience in dysphagia. Results 145 speech pathologists participated, 91.7% of them females. Most work in hospitals, have 11 to 15 years of profession (27.6%), and working from 1 to 5 years in the area of dysphagia (32.4%). Professionals with lato sensu training (54.3%) and with more than a decade of profession (58.1%) showed greater adequacy in interpreting the positive result of BDT. Conclusion The present study reinforces the important role of specialized training in dysphagia in addition to continuing health educational practices in determining the excellence of clinical speech therapy, especially with tracheostomized patients after intubation and at risk of bronchoaspiration.