Synthesis and characterization of nanoparticles conjugated tannase and using it for enhancement of antibacterial activity of tannase produced by Serratia marcescens.

Fourteen isolates of Serratia marcescens were collected from patients suffering from septicemia. All theseisolates revealed different levels in tannase production. Tannase was partially purified from Serratia marcescens b9 by precipitation method at 70% saturation of ammonium sulfate. Au, Pt, SnO2 and SiO2 nanoparticles were prepared by laser ablation and examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction pattern and UV-Visible absorption spectroscopy. Conjugation of SiO2 nanoparticles to tannase by feeding and pulses methods were prepared and characterized by TEM, X-ray diffraction pattern and UV-Visible spectrum. SiO2 nanoparticles conjugated partially purified tannase by feeding showed the higher effectiveness and higher significant level against all tested UTI causing in comparison with ciprofloxacin antibiotic, SiO2 nanoparticles alone, partially purified tannase alone and partially purified tannase by pulses. So that we can conclude that feeding method was the best method for enhancement partially purified tannase activity to maximum level thus SiO2 nanoparticles conjugated partially purified tannase may be a useful antibacterial agent for the treatment of urinary tract infection.

WITHDRAWN: NaS1 sulfate transporter is linked to hyposulfatemia and longevity.

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Diabetic foot complications: a two-year review of limb amputation in a Kelantanese population.

INTRODUCTION: Many conditions, including benign and malignant tumours, peripheral vascular diseases and open fracture grade 3C, have been successfully treated with limb sparing procedures. However, the same could not be said for treatment of limb infection, especially late stage diabetic foot complications. METHODS: This is a retrospective review of patients who underwent operations at our hospital from July 2003 to June 2005. All patients who underwent various types of limbs amputations were included. The cohort was divided according to the diagnosis leading to the amputation and the level of amputation. The number and levels of amputation were then compared with the various causes leading to the amputation. RESULTS: There were 203 patients who underwent amputation during the period of study. 135 (66.5 percent) of the patients were diabetic and amputations performed were related to diabetic foot conditions. 68 (33.5 percent) patients were not known to have diabetes mellitus. Among nondiabetic patients, 54 (26.6 percent) amputations were due to trauma, 11 (5.4 percent) were related to musculoskeletal tumours and 3 (1.5 percent) were due to peripheral vascular disease. Among diabetic patients, 23 (17 percent) patients underwent above knee amputation, 44 (33 percent) patients underwent below knee amputation, and 68 (50 percent) patients underwent local foot amputation. 80 of 135 (59.3 percent) patients, who underwent amputation due to diabetic complications, were less than 60 years old. CONCLUSION: Good diabetic control and detection of early diabetic foot complications will reduce the number of patients undergoing limb amputation as well as the number of amputees. Since the incidence of lower limb amputation is due mainly to poor diabetic control, it is important to protect this group of patients from a probable avoidable amputation.