RESUMO
STUDY OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate and compare measurements of standardized craniofacial and intraoral photographs between clinical and general population samples, between groups of individuals with an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI)â ≥â 15 and AHIâ <â 15, and their interaction, as well as the relationship with the presence and severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). METHODS: We used data from 929 participants from Sleep Apnea Global Interdisciplinary Consortium, in which 309 patients from a clinical setting and 620 volunteers from a general population. RESULTS: AHIâ ≥â 15 were observed in 30.3% of the total sample and there were some interactions between facial/intraoral measures with OSA and both samples. Mandibular volume (pâ <â 0.01) and lateral face height (pâ =â 0.04) were higher in the AHIâ ≥â 15 group in the clinical sample compared to the AHIâ ≥â 15 group in the general population and AHIâ <â 15 group in the clinical sample. When adjusted for sex and age, greater mandible width (pâ <â 0.01) differed both in the clinical and in the general population samples, reflecting AHI severity and the likelihood of OSA. The measure of smaller tongue curvature (pâ <â 0.01) reflected the severity and probability of OSA in the clinical sample and the higher posterior mandibular height (pâ =â 0.04) showed a relationship with higher AHI and higher risk of OSA in the general population. When adjusted for sex, age, and body mass index, only smaller tongue curvature (pâ <â 0.01) was associated with moderate/severe OSA. CONCLUSIONS: Measures of greater tongue and mandible were associated with increased OSA risk in the clinical sample and craniofacial measurement was associated in the general population sample.