Efficiently finding and using evidence to guide clinical practice and improve care.

Using evidence to guide patient care improves patient outcomes. However, the volume of clinical and scientific literature and demands on provider time make staying current challenging. Primary literature searching or using public search engines to answer clinical questions often results in low-quality or incorrect answers, potentially yielding suboptimal clinical care. This article describes systematic strategies for primary literature searching that can yield higher-quality results than an unstructured approach.

How physicians draw satisfaction and overcome barriers in their practices: "It sustains me".

OBJECTIVE: Major reorganizations of medical practice today challenge physicians' ability to deliver compassionate care. We sought to understand how physicians who completed an intensive faculty development program in medical humanism sustain their humanistic practices. METHODS: Program completers from 8 U.S. medical schools wrote reflections in answer to two open-ended questions addressing their personal motivations and the barriers that impeded their humanistic practice and teaching. Reflections were qualitatively analyzed using the constant comparative method. RESULTS: Sixty-eight physicians (74% response rate) submitted reflections. Motivating factors included: 1) identification with humanistic values; 2) providing care that they or their family would want; 3) connecting to patients; 4) passing on values through role modelling; 5) being in the moment. Inhibiting factors included: 1) time, 2) stress, 3) culture, and 4) episodic burnout. CONCLUSIONS: Determination to live by one's values, embedded within a strong professional identity, allowed study participants to alleviate, but not resolve, the barriers. Collaborative action to address organizational impediments was endorsed but found to be lacking. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Fostering fully mature professional development among physicians will require new skills and opportunities that reinforce time-honored values while simultaneously partnering with others to nurture, sustain and improve patient care by addressing system issues.