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Using dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) as a major carbon source, as autotrophs do, is complicated by the bedeviling nature of this substance. Autotrophs using the Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle (CBB) are known to make use of a toolkit comprised of DIC transporters and carbonic anhydrase enzymes (CA) to facilitate DIC fixation. This minireview provides a brief overview of the current understanding of how toolkit function facilitates DIC fixation in Cyanobacteria and some Proteobacteria using the CBB and continues with a survey of the DIC toolkit gene presence in organisms using different versions of the CBB and other autotrophic pathways (reductive citric acid cycle, Wood-Ljungdahl pathway, hydroxypropionate bicycle, hydroxypropionate-hydroxybutyrate cycle, and dicarboxylate-hydroxybutyrate cycle). The potential function of toolkit gene products in these organisms is discussed in terms of CO2 and HCO3- supply from the environment and demand by the autotrophic pathway. The presence of DIC toolkit genes in autotrophic organisms beyond those using the CBB suggests the relevance of DIC metabolism to these organisms and provides a basis for better engineering of these organisms for industrial and agricultural purposes.
Assuntos
Archaea , Bactérias , Archaea/genética , Archaea/metabolismo , Bactérias/genética , Bactérias/metabolismo , Processos Autotróficos/genética , Carbono/metabolismo , Hidroxibutiratos/metabolismo , Dióxido de Carbono/metabolismo , Ciclo do Carbono/genéticaRESUMO
Autotrophic bacteria are able to fix CO2 in a great diversity of habitats, even though this dissolved gas is relatively scarce at neutral pH and above. As many of these bacteria rely on CO2 fixation by ribulose 1,5-bisphospate carboxylase/oxygenase (RubisCO) for biomass generation, they must compensate for the catalytical constraints of this enzyme with CO2-concentrating mechanisms (CCMs). CCMs consist of CO2 and HCO3- transporters and carboxysomes. Carboxysomes encapsulate RubisCO and carbonic anhydrase (CA) within a protein shell and are essential for the operation of a CCM in autotrophic Bacteria that use the Calvin-Benson-Basham cycle. Members of the genus Thiomicrospira lack genes homologous to those encoding previously described CA, and prior to this work, the mechanism of function for their carboxysomes was unclear. In this paper, we provide evidence that a member of the recently discovered iota family of carbonic anhydrase enzymes (ιCA) plays a role in CO2 fixation by carboxysomes from members of Thiomicrospira and potentially other Bacteria. Carboxysome enrichments from Thiomicrospira pelophila and Thiomicrospira aerophila were found to have CA activity and contain ιCA, which is encoded in their carboxysome loci. When the gene encoding ιCA was interrupted in T. pelophila, cells could no longer grow under low-CO2 conditions, and CA activity was no longer detectable in their carboxysomes. When T. pelophila ιCA was expressed in a strain of Escherichia coli lacking native CA activity, this strain recovered an ability to grow under low CO2 conditions, and CA activity was present in crude cell extracts prepared from this strain. IMPORTANCE: Here, we provide evidence that iota carbonic anhydrase (ιCA) plays a role in CO2 fixation by some organisms with CO2-concentrating mechanisms; this is the first time that ιCA has been detected in carboxysomes. While ιCA genes have been previously described in other members of bacteria, this is the first description of a physiological role for this type of carbonic anhydrase in this domain. Given its distribution in alkaliphilic autotrophic bacteria, ιCA may provide an advantage to organisms growing at high pH values and could be helpful for engineering autotrophic organisms to synthesize compounds of industrial interest under alkaline conditions.
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A 55-year-old male patient presenting with 6 months of bilateral difficulty in eye opening was referred to the ophthalmology department. Upon examination, multiple yellowish tumor-like plaques and nodules were observed on the eyelids and chest of the patient, accompanied by keratitis and iridocyclitis. Histopathological examination of the skin lesions on the chest revealed dermal xanthomatous granulomas with progressive necrosis. Bone marrow biopsy showed mantle cell lymphoma. Based on the medical history, the diagnosis of progressive necrotizing xanthogranuloma with mantle cell lymphoma was confirmed. After 6 months of treatment with bendamustine combined with rituximab, there was partial alleviation of ocular symptoms in the patient.
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Xantogranuloma Necrobiótico , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Xantogranuloma Necrobiótico/diagnóstico , Linfoma de Célula do Manto/patologia , Linfoma de Célula do Manto/tratamento farmacológico , Rituximab/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Objective: To investigate the effect of Liraglutide on platelet distribution width(PDW) and carotid intima-media thickness(cIMT) in type 2 diabetic mellitus patients with obesity. Methods: Randomized controlled trial. A total of 80 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) obese patients with unsatisfactory glucose control were prospectively enrolled in this study from the Department of Endocrinology of Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University from January to December 2021. All the participants were treated with metformin or sulfonylureas. They were randomly divided into two groups: Liraglutide treatment group (Li group, n=40) and Control group (Con group, n=40).The Li group started the treatment with Liraglutide on the basis of the original hypoglycemic agents and the Con group was treated with metformin and sulfonylurea. After 16 weeks of treatment, the changes of PDW, cIMT and body mass index (BMI) in the two groups were observed, multiple linear regression was uesd to analyze the influencing factors of cIMT variation, and the effect of liraglutide on PDW and cIMT in obese patients with type 2 diabetes was analyzed. Results: Finally, 38 patients completed the study in Li group, including 23 males and 15 females, aged 30-69(56±11) years. All 40 patients in Con group completed the study, including 18 males and 22 females, aged 39-67(59±7) years. After 16 weeks of treatment, the levels of PDW and cIMT in Li group were (12.8±1.6) fl and (0.85±0.08) mm, respectively, lower than those before treatment (15.0±1.6) fl and (1.14±0.10) mm (t=18.61 and 20.37, respectively, both P<0.001); The PDW and cIMT in Con group were (13.6±1.5) fl and (1.05±0.10) mm, respectively, lower than those before treatment (15.0±1.5) fl and (1.13±0.13) mm (t=17.42 and 9.65, respectively, both P<0.001). The levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and total cholesterol (TC) in both groups were lower than those before treatment(all P<0.001). After the treatment, the levels of PDW, cIMT, FPG and TC in Li group were lower than those in Con group (all P<0.05). The changes of PDW and cIMT before and after the treatment in Li group were (2.2±0.7) fl and (0.30±0.09) mm, respectively, higher than those in the Con group [(1.4±0.5) fl and (0.09±0.06) mm], with a statistically significant difference (both P<0.001). The changes of FPG and TC in Li group were significantly higher than those in Con group (all P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that liraglutide, the changes of TC and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were the influencing factors for the changes of cIMT [ß (95%CI) were 0.20 (0.17-0.23), 0.03 (0.01-0.06), 0.01 (0.00-0.01), respectively, all P<0.05] Conclusion: Liraglutide treatment could reduce PDW and cIMT, thus contributing to cardiovascular benefits.
Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Metformina , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Glicemia , Espessura Intima-Media Carotídea , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamento farmacológico , Liraglutida/uso terapêutico , Metformina/uso terapêutico , Obesidade , Compostos de SulfonilureiaRESUMO
This study aimed to investigate the roles of hsa_circRNA_103801 in the progression of osteosarcoma (OS) cells. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expression level of circRNA_103801 in OS cells. Cell count kit-8 and Transwell migration and invasion assays were employed to detect the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of OS cells. The effects of circRNA_103801 on the apoptosis of OS cells were identified by flow cytometry. The binding relationship between circRNA_103801 and miR-338-3p was verified by bioinformatics analysis. MiR-338-3p level in OS cell lines was detected by RT-qPCR. Additionally, Western blotting was utilized to detect the expression levels of HIF-1, Rap1, PI3K, and Akt in OS cells. The results showed that the expression level of circRNA_103801 was significantly up-regulated in OS patients' tissues. Inhibiting the expression level of circRNA_103801 could attenuate the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of OS cells. In addition, the down-regulated expression level of circRNA_103801 could induce cell apoptosis. The results of the luciferase reporter assay suggested that circRNA_103801 could be combined with miR-338-3p, and the RT-qPCR revealed that the miR-338-3p level in OS cells after knockdown of circRNA_103801 was elevated compared with the control group. The results of Western blotting suggested that the expression levels of HIF-1, Rap1, PI3K, and Akt were elevated in OS cells. In conclusion, the circRNA_103801-miR-3388-3p-HIF-1/Rap1/PI3K-Akt pathway could be a therapeutic target of OS.
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Neoplasias Ósseas , MicroRNAs , Osteossarcoma , Neoplasias Ósseas/genética , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células/genética , Humanos , MicroRNAs/genética , Osteossarcoma/genética , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases/genética , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/metabolismo , RNA Circular , Complexo Shelterina , Proteínas de Ligação a Telômeros , Regulação para CimaRESUMO
In this study, the microbial interactions among cocultures of Streptococcus thermophilus (St) with potential probiotics of Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis (Ba) and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (Lp) in fermented milk were investigated during a storage period of 21 d at 4°C, in terms of acidifying activity (pH and titratable acidity), viable counts, and metabolites. A nontargeted metabolomics approach based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry was employed for mapping the global metabolite profiles of fermented milk. Probiotic strains cocultured with St accelerated milk acidification, and improved the microbial viability compared with the single culture of St. The St-Ba/Lp treatment manifested a higher bacteria viability and acidification ability in comparison with the St-Ba or the St-Lp treatment. Relative quantitation of 179 significant metabolites was identified, including nucleosides, AA, short peptides, organic acids, lipid derivatives, carbohydrates, carbonyl compounds, and compounds related to energy metabolism. The principal component analysis indicated that St treatment and coculture treatments displayed a complete distinction in metabolite profiles, and Lp had a larger effect than Ba on metabolic profiles of fermented milk produced by cofermentation with St during storage. The heat map in combination with hierarchical cluster analysis showed that the abundance of metabolites significantly varied with the starter cultures over the storage, and high abundance of metabolites was observed in either St or coculture samples. The St-Ba/Lp treatment showed relatively high abundance for the vast majority of metabolites. These findings suggest that the profile of the metabolites characterizing fermented milk samples may depend on the starter cultures, and incorporation of probiotics may considerably influence the metabolomic activities of fermented milks.
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Bifidobacterium animalis , Probióticos , Animais , Técnicas de Cocultura/veterinária , Fermentação , Metabolômica , Leite , Streptococcus thermophilusRESUMO
Objective: To examine the safety and complications of two methods of establishing retroperitoneal cavity in urology. Methods: Totally 83 patients undergoing retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery in Department of Urology, Shanxi Bethune Hospital from January 2020 to June 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. There were 47 males and 36 females, aged (48.3±11.3) years (range: 35 to 71 years). Forty-three cases in Hasson group(the first Trocar channel was selected at the junction of the 12th rib and the posterior axillary line or lumbar triangle), 40 cases in modified Hasson group(the first Trocar channel is selected at 1.5 cm above the iliac crest on the mid-axillary line). The t test, χ² test, and Fisher exact test were used to compare the surgical safety indicators and complications of the two groups of patients. Results: There was no statistical difference between the two groups in gender, age, body mass index, waist length, and height (P>0.05). The comparison of safety indicators, included the time from skin incision to establishment of the retroperitoneal cavity and the amount of bleeding from the cavity were statistical difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Compared to that in Hasson group, the time from skin incision to establishment of the abdominal cavity in modified Hasson group was shorter ((8.56±2.64) minutes vs. (5.32±1.36) minutes, t=6.949, P<0.01), the blood loss of establishment was less ((15.32±6.09) ml vs. (9.85±3.55) ml, t=4.951, P<0.01). In terms of complication indicators, the incidence of Trocar hernia and the number of subcutaneous emphysema in modified Hasson group were lower than that in Hasson group (20.9% (9/43) vs. 2.5% (1/40), P=0.015, 18.6% (8/43) vs. 2.5% (1/40), P=0.030). Conclusions: The modified Hasson group is a safe method of establishing retroperitoneal cavity. The technique is simple and fast. It provides urologists with a more effective and easy-to-implement option with fewer complications.
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Laparoscopia , Urologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Espaço Retroperitoneal , Estudos Retrospectivos , Instrumentos CirúrgicosRESUMO
Objective: To explore the CT imaging features of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection in order to summarize the imaging characteristics of the disease and improve the ability of imaging diagnosis and early diagnosis of the disease. Methods: From January 13, 2020 to January 31, 2020, a total of 33 patients with 2019-nCoV infection diagnosed and treated by Suzhou Fifth People's Hospital were analyzed retrospectively, including 20 males and 13 females, with an average age of (50±12) years, ranging from 20 to 70 years old. There were 3 cases of mild type, 27 cases of common type and 3 cases of severe type.There were 2 cases with hypertension, 1 case with postoperative lung,1 case with diabetes, 1 case with chronic bronchitis, and 1 case with bronchiectasis.SPSS25.0 Chi-square test was used to analyze the distribution of lesions in each lung lobe; SPSS25.0 Spearman correlation coefficient was used to analyze the image score and clinical classification. Results: There were 3 cases (9.1%) with normal lung and 30 cases (90.9%) with Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia(COVID-19) of the 2019-nCoV infected patients. In the distribution of COVID-19, 29 cases (87.9%) were involved in bilateral lung and 1 case (3.0%) in unilateral lung. There was no statistically significant difference in the distribution of lesions in each lobe. The correlation coefficient between the degree of lesion distribution and clinical classification was 0.819, and the two were highly correlated.There were 30 cases (90.9%) with subpleural lesions, 17 cases (51.5%) with central lesions. There were many kinds of lesions, 25 cases (75.8%) had ground glass density shadow, 16 cases (48.5%) had consolidation, 12 cases (36.4%) had interstitial change, and 18 cases (54.5%) had interlobular septal thickening. Among the 22 cases, 10 cases had more lesions, 6 cases had no changes and 6 cases had less lesions. Conclusion: Most of the patients with 2019-nCoV infection have pulmonary inflammation.CT manifestations include multiple parts, subpleural area or middle and lateral field of lung, ground glass shadow and consolidation, or coexistence. Some cases have pleural thickening or interlobular septal thickening. CT images can indicate the diagnosis of COVID-19 and provide important basis for early detection and disease monitoring.
Assuntos
Infecções por Coronavirus/diagnóstico por imagem , Pulmão , Pneumonia Viral/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Adulto , Idoso , Betacoronavirus , COVID-19 , Teste para COVID-19 , Técnicas de Laboratório Clínico , Comorbidade , Infecções por Coronavirus/diagnóstico , Infecções por Coronavirus/patologia , Diagnóstico Precoce , Feminino , Humanos , Inflamação , Pulmão/diagnóstico por imagem , Pulmão/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pandemias , Pneumonia Viral/patologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , SARS-CoV-2 , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Objective: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) in this Meta-analysis. Methods: Literature related to FMT for the treatment of UC from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane databases, CNKI, VIP and Wanfang Data were searched and screened with update study in May 2018. Two independent investigators extracted information according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Meta-analysis was conducted by Stata 12.0 software. Results: A total of 4 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 19 non-randomized controlled trials (non-RCTs) including 536 participants met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis of RCTs showed that FMT significantly increased the clinical remission rate (OR=2.47, 95%CI 1.40-4.33, P=0.02) and clinical response rate (OR=1.86, 95%CI 1.15-3.02, P=0.01) in UC patients without increasing the incidence of severe adverse effects (OR=1.40, 95%CI 0.51-3.79, P=0.51). The results from 19 non-RCTs showed that clinical remission rate in UC patients with FMT treatment was 20%(95%CI 13%-28%) and the clinical response rate was 50%(95%CI 36%-65%). All adverse events were graded as mild and self-resolving. No FMT-related severe adverse effects were reported. Conclusions: Our analysis suggests that FMT is a safe and effective method for the treatment of UC. Considering several limitations of this Meta-analysis and previous clinical trials, further large-scale multicenter RCTs are still required to further verify the conclusion.
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Colite Ulcerativa/microbiologia , Colite Ulcerativa/terapia , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos , Transplante de Microbiota Fecal/métodos , Fezes/microbiologia , Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Humanos , Corpos de Inclusão , Microbiota , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Indução de Remissão , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Objective: To examine the association between objective sleepiness and neurocognitive function before and after continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients. Methods: A total of 53 patients with overnight polysomnography (PSG) determined moderate-to-severe OSA (apnea hypopnea index (AHI) ≥15 events/h) and with overnight CPAP therapy from West China Hospital, Sichuan University within the period from Feb 2018 to Dec 2018 were enrolled in the study. At the baseline, all patients underwent overnight PSG study, multiple sleep latency test (MSLT), psychomotor vigilance test (PVT), and Epworth sleepiness score (ESS). After CPAP therapy, all patients underwent MSLT and PVT. Paired nonparametric test or t test were used to compare the differences between daytime sleepiness and PVT performance before and after CPAP. Results: Compared with baseline data, AHI [68.8(42.2, 80.0) vs 7.4(3.1, 11.1) events/h, P<0.05] decreased, the percentages of non-rapid eye movement stage 3 sleep time [0(0, 0.5%) vs 4.4%(1.9%, 11.3%), P<0.05] and the percentages of rapid eye movement sleep time [18.6%(13.2%, 22.7%) vs 25.4%(23.85, 30.3%), P<0.05] increased after CPAP therapy. The reaction time (RT) [353.0(317.5, 429.5) vs 333.6(309.7, 381.4) ms, P<0.05], the slowest 10% RT [602.9(473.2, 841.3) vs 505.5(431.6, 618.8) ms, P<0.05] and the fastest 10% RT [260.8(236.6, 300.6) vs 251.4(233.6, 283.2) ms, P<0.05] shortened, and the lapse [6.0(2.5, 16.5) vs 3.0(1.0, 8.5) events, P<0.05] decreased. The mean sleep latency (MSL) [5.8 (3.4, 8.3) vs 7.5(4.7, 12.4) min, P<0.05] increased. The changes in PVT parameters [ΔRT (r=0.20, P>0.05), Δslowest 10% RT (r=0.15, P>0.05), Δfastest 10% RT (r=0.24, P>0.05), and Δlapse (r=0.15, P>0.05)] were not correlated with the change in MSL. The significant association between the slowest 10% RT and ESS was found in baseline data. Conclusions: The change in MSL is not associated with the change in PVT performance before and after CPAP therapy. MSLT and PVT may be different in nature.
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Pressão Positiva Contínua nas Vias Aéreas , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono , China , Cognição , Humanos , SonolênciaRESUMO
Objective: To examine the association between mixed sleep apnea (MA) and treatment-emergent central sleep apnea (TE-CSA). Methods: A total of 256 patients meeting the diagnostic criteria of moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) based on overnight polysomnography (PSG) and receiving continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy in West China Hospital, Sichuan University during the period from August 2013 to November 2018 were enrolled in the study. Based on the mixed apnea index (MAI) and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) in the baseline PSG study during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, the subjects were categorized into three groups of A (MAI=0/h, n=110), B (NREM-MAI≥5/h and REM-MAI<5/h, n=72) and C (REM-MAI≥5/h and NREM-MAI< 5/h, n=74). Sleep and breathing related parameters before and after CPAP therapy among three groups and the difference of TE-CSA incidence were analyzed. Results: The AHI [(44.2(26.8,64.5)/h,66.6(56.0,81.7)/h, 79.8(63.6, 88.3)/h], REM-AHI [50.0(34.7, 64.7)/h, 60.1(49.1, 70.0)/h, 66.3(56.1, 74.6)/h] and NREM-AHI[43.5(25.9, 65.1)/h,67.6(53.7, 82.4)/h,81.3(64.2, 91.5)/h]) were higher in group B and C compared to group A (all P<0.05),while the mean and lowest oxygen saturation [(92.6%±3.5%),(90.8%±3.6%),(87.3%±5.1%) and (70.6%±14.1%), (61.0%±16.0%), (47.9%±17.0%)] were lower in group B and group C compared to group A (all P<0.05). The incidence of TE-CSA after initial CPAP was 7.8% in all patients, and the incidence was significantly higher in group B of 14.1% compared to group C of 4.1% and group A of 2.7% (all P<0.05). Conclusions: TE-CSA is correlated with baseline MA, and baseline MA in NREM sleep can predict the incidence of TE-CSA after initial CPAP.
Assuntos
Síndromes da Apneia do Sono , Apneia do Sono Tipo Central , China , Pressão Positiva Contínua nas Vias Aéreas , Humanos , PolissonografiaRESUMO
Objective: To explore the natural course of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and its associated factors in young and middle-aged patients with OSAHS. Methods: A total of 52 young and middle-aged OSAHS patients were recruited in this study from West China Hospital of Sichuan University. All patients were performed twice overnight polysomnography (PSG) examinations. At the baseline, patients underwent the first PSG and clinical evaluation from September 2009 to September 2017 and the patients received the second PSG from January 2017 to January 2019. During the follow-up period, these patients had no treatment. All patients were categorized into two groups including mild-to-moderate [5/h≤ apnea-hypopnea index (AHI)<30/h] group and severe (AHI ≥ 30/h) group according to the baseline AHI value. Differences in the clinical characteristics and PSG variables between baseline and follow-up were compared in two groups separately using t-tests or Mann-Whitney U test. The general linear correlation analysis was used to explore the factors related to the severity of OSAHS including AHI, the mean oxyhemoglobin saturation and the minimal oxyhemoglobin saturation during the follow-up period. Results: This study recruited 28 OSAHS patients in mild-to-moderate group [mean age, (39.7±10.2) y] and 24 patients in severe group [mean age, (41.0±7.1) y]. Compared to the baseline, there was a significant increase in AHI value [(45.0±25.3) vs (33.6±27.3)/h, P<0.001] in all OSAHS patients. Notably, the increase of AHI was more significant in the mild-to-moderate OSAHS group [(32.1±22.2) vs (13.6±8.7)/h, P<0.05] but not in severe OSAHS patients [(60.7±19.5) vs (58.0±21.5)/h, P>0.05]. A person correlation analysis revealed that the AHI value was positively related to the age (r=0.531, P=0.004) in mild-to-moderate OSAHS patients. Conclusion: The severity of OSAHS is increased with the age in young and middle-aged patients with mild-to-moderate OSAHS, but not in those with severe OSAHS.
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Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono , China , Seguimentos , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , PolissonografiaRESUMO
Objective: To investigate the effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on periodic limb movements during sleep (PLMS) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Methods: The polysomnography (PSG) data of 828 consecutive OSA outpatients from January 2015 to January 2017 who had undergone overnight CPAP titration were analyzed retrospectively. On the basis of changes in periodic limb movements index (PLMI) values (cut off level≥15/h) from baseline PSG (BPSG) to CPAP titration PSG, patients were assigned to one of the following four groups: persistent, CPAP-emergent, CPAP-disappeared, and non-PLMS. Results: Among 828 patients, 756 (91.3%) were male and 72 (8.7%) were female. The mean age was (45.7±10.7) years old, the mean body mass index (BMI) was (27.6±3.5) kg/m(2). The rate of patients was 3.9% in the persistent group, 10.3% in the CPAP-emergent group, 7.5% in the CPAP-disappearance group, and 78.4% in the non-PLMS group. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that female appeared to be associated with the persistent group (P=0.004); older age and higher apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) on BPSG appeared to be associated with the CPAP-emergent group (P=0.012, 0.030). On the other hand, older age was negatively associated with the non-PLMS group (P=0.006). Conclusion: Elderly patients with higher AHI at BPSG may present with CPAP-emergent PLMS.
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Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono , Adulto , Pressão Positiva Contínua nas Vias Aéreas , Extremidades , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Movimento , Polissonografia , Estudos Retrospectivos , SonoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: miR-138 is one of the down-regulated miRNAs during acute spinal cord injury. Mixed lineage kinase 3 (MLK3), a key factor of jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, is the target of miR-138. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of miR-138 in H2O2-treated BV-2 cells. METHODS: Murine microglia BV-2 cells were treated with H2O2 and tested for cell viability and miR-138 expression. The cells were then transfected with miR-138 agomir or miR-138 antagomir, and treated with 200 µM H2O2 for 24 h. The cellular apoptosis was detected by Aennexin V/PI staining. Expression of miR-138, MLK3, and other factors of JNK/MAPK pathway was detected. RESULTS: After treatment of various concentrations of H2O2, the cell viabilities were reduced, and miR-138 expression was down-regulated. Compared to the control cells, over-expressing miR-138 in BV-2 cells reduced apoptosis rate from 24.2 % to 11.9 %. Western blot further showed that JNK, p-JNK, c-jun, p-c-jun, p38 MAPK, and p-p38 MAPK were down-regulated. Expression of pro-apoptosis factors iNOS and COX-2 were also down-regulated. Transfection of miR-138 antagomir produced the opposite effect of the transfection of miR-138 agomir. CONCLUSION: miR-138 was able to reduce H2O2-induced apoptosis in BV-2 cells. The protective effect was related to the down-regulation of MLK3 proteins and sequentially inhibiting JNK/MAPK signaling pathway (Fig. 3, Ref. 27). Text in PDF www.elis.sk.
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Apoptose , MicroRNAs , Proteínas Quinases Ativadas por Mitógeno , Animais , Apoptose/fisiologia , Peróxido de Hidrogênio , MAP Quinase Quinase Quinases/metabolismo , Camundongos , MicroRNAs/fisiologia , Proteínas Quinases Ativadas por Mitógeno/metabolismo , MAP Quinase Quinase Quinase 11 Ativada por MitógenoRESUMO
Objective: To examine the association between subjective sleepiness and objective sleepiness in Chinese obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) patients. Methods: A total of 1 660 patients meeting the diagnostic criteria of OSAHS based on overnight polysomnography from West China Hospital, Sichuan University in the period from Jul 2010 to Jul 2014 were enrolled in the study. The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT) were to evaluate subjective and objective sleepiness, respectively. The subjects were categorized into quartiles [A (0-4) (n=406), B (5-7) (n=325), C (8-12) (n=443), D(13-24) (n=486) groups] based on the ESS score distribution. Survival analysis was used to characterize the association between the ESS score and the mean sleep latency (MSL). Results: The apnea hypopnea index (AHI) in D group was higher than other three groups [(58.7±26.1) vs (36.8±24.2), (42.6±26.7), (45.7±26.6) events/h, all P<0.05]. The mean sleep latency in D group was shorter than other three groups [(8.0±4.6) vs (10.9±4.4), (10.3±4.8), (9.4±4.5) min, all P<0.05]. The Kaplan-Meier survivor functions across the ESS score quartiles were distinct and fourth quartiles were progressively associated with a greater tendency for falling asleep (χ(2)=77.76, P<0.001 by Log-rank test) in the daytime (The percentages of awaking patients in fourth quartiles were progressively lower at the same time). The adjusted hazard ratios for sleep onset during the MSLT for the group B, C and D were 1.05 (95%CI: 0.90-1.22), 1.22 (95%CI: 1.07-1.40), and 1.38 (95%CI: 1.20-1.60), respectively, comparing to group A. Conclusion: Subjective report of daytime sleepiness is consistent with the objective sleepiness in OSAHS patients.
Assuntos
Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono/complicações , Fases do Sono , China , Humanos , Polissonografia , SonoRESUMO
Objective: To explore the gender differences of rapid-eye-movement (REM) related obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Methods: Consecutive patients with primary complaint of snoring from Sleep Medicine Center of West China Hospital between January 2016 and November 2016 were included in the study. All participants underwent one night polysomnography (PSG) and Epworth sleep scale (ESS) was estimated. The patients diagnosed with OSAHS were classified as REM related OSAHS (REM-OSAHS group) and non-rapid-eye-movement (NREM) related OSAHS (NREM-OSAHS group) based on the PSG parameters. And the gender differences of demographic and polysomnograpic characteristics in both groups were compared. The associations between apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and body mass index (BMI), neck circumference and waist circumference among patients with OSAHS were explored by multiple linear regression analysis. Results: A total of 1 258 patients were diagnosed with OSAHS. There were 997 (79.3%) male and 261 (20.7%) female among these patients, the mean age was (46.4±12.0) years old and mean BMI was (26.6±3.4) kg/m(2). There were 236 patients (18.8%) classified into REM-OSAHS group, and 1 022 patients (81.2%) classified into NREM-OSAHS group; the proportion of REM-OSAHS in female was significantly higher than that in male (34.1% vs 14.7%, P<0.001). After controlling for age, drinking, smoking, hypnotics, coffee, strong tea and sleep related parameters, in NREM-OSAHS group, AHI was positively correlated with BMI, neck circumference and waist circumference (P<0.001) both in male and female. In REM-OSAHS group, AHI was positively correlated with BMI, neck circumference and waist circumference in female (P<0.05), but only significantly correlated with BMI and waist circumference in male (P<0.05). Conclusions: REM-OSAHS is commonly seen in female OSAHS patients. Evaluation of the influences of anthropometric data on the severity of REM-OSAHS should consider the impact of gender.
Assuntos
Fatores Sexuais , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono , Adulto , Índice de Massa Corporal , China , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Polissonografia , Sono , RoncoRESUMO
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in the development and biochemical functions of skeletal muscles. However, targeting of miRNAs to structural genes involved in Z-discs have not been investigated. Here, we describe a highly expressed miRNA, miR-432, in pig embryonic skeletal muscle, which appeared to target myozenin1 (MYOZ1), a protein involved in the muscular sarcomere microstructure. Our results showed that miR-432 is involved in muscle development in the developing pig. In addition, it promoted differentiation of the C2C12 myoblast cell line into myotubes. We also demonstrated that inhibition of miR-432 reduced proliferation of C2C12 cells, suggesting that miR-432 is involved in regulation of myoblast proliferation. Moreover, molecular markers of muscle differentiation and fiber type (Myh7/ slow and Myh4/ fast IIB) showed that miR-432 reduced the differentiation rate of C2C12 cells. These results provide insights into the potential functions of miR-432 as well as its proposed target, MYOZ1, during muscle development. This may lead to applications for further improvements in porcine muscle growth, and may enhance our understanding of complex inherited human muscle disorders.
Assuntos
MicroRNAs/genética , Proteínas dos Microfilamentos/genética , Desenvolvimento Muscular , Proteínas Musculares/genética , Mioblastos/citologia , Regiões 3' não Traduzidas , Animais , Diferenciação Celular , Proliferação de Células , Células Cultivadas , Regulação para Baixo , Regulação da Expressão Gênica no Desenvolvimento , Proteínas dos Microfilamentos/metabolismo , Proteínas Musculares/metabolismo , SuínosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnosis value of photoplethysmography (PPG)-based device for detecting obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. METHODS: Patients who visited sleep medicine center in West China hospital from March 2014 to March 2015 with a main complain of snoring were selected into this study, and they were simultaneously monitored with the PPG-based device while undergoing polysomnography (PSG). Using PSG as"gold standard", the sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV), positive predictive value (PPV) as well as corresponding areas under the receiver operator curves for an apnea hypopnea index (AHI) ≥5/h, ≥15/h and ≥30/h were calculated for PPG. RESULTS: Valid results were available for 93 subjects, among them there were 64 men and 29 women with a mean age of (44±13) years old.There were no significant difference between total sleep time, wake time after sleep onset, AHI and oxygen saturation derived by PPG and PSG.Positive correlation was found between PPG-derived and PSG-derived AHI (r=0.945). For AHI≥5/h, ≥15/h and ≥30/h respectively according PSG, sensitivity was 93%, 88%, 92%, specificity was 79%, 93%, 95%, PPV was 95%, 97%, 96%, NPV 75%, 76%, 91% for PPG. The corresponding areas under the receiver operator characteristic curves were 0.981, 0.996 and 0.995 respectively. CONCLUSION: PPG-derived data is consistent with simultaneous in-lab PSG in the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.
Assuntos
Oximetria/métodos , Fotopletismografia/métodos , Polissonografia , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono/diagnóstico , Ronco/etiologia , Adulto , China , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Oxigênio , Curva ROC , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Sono , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
Objective: To assess the association between daytime sleepiness and hypertension among patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Methods: A total of 1 958 patients from Sleep Medicine Center of West China Hospital between January 2015 and January 2016 were included in the study. All subjects underwent one night polysomnography (PSG) and Epworth sleep scale (ESS) was estimated. The patients were divided into non-OSAHS group[apnea-hypopnea index (AHI)<5/h]and OSAHS group (AHI≥5/h) based on PSG, and then OSAHS group was further divided into those with and without daytime sleepiness groups according to ESS score (the cut point of ESS was 14). The association between blood pressure and risk of suffering from hypertension among patients with different degree of daytime sleepiness was explored by binary logistic regression. Results: There were 1 580 men and 378 women among the included patients, the mean age was (44.3±11.6) years old and the mean body mass index (BMI) was (26.4±3.8) kg/m2. Among these patients, there were 267 non-OSAHS and 1 691 OSAHS patients (1 275 without daytime sleepiness and 416 with daytime sleepiness). The prevalence of hypertension was higher among OSAHS patients (53.9%vs 28.8%) than non-OSAHS group, and OSAHS patients had higher systolic blood pressure (SBP)[(126.3±0.4) vs (116.3±4.9) mmHg], diastolic blood pressure (DBP)[(82.4±0.3) vs (78.1±3.7) mmHg]and mean arterial pressure (MAP)[(97.0±0.3) vs (90.9±3.9) mmHg]than non-OSAHS group. And OSAHS with daytime sleepiness also had elevated DBP[(84.5±0.6) vs (81.7±0.3) mmHg]and MAP[(98.8±0.6) vs (96.5±0.3) mmHg]than those without sleepiness (all P<0.05). After controlling for age, sex, BMI, smoking, drinking, AHI and related sleep parameters, OSAHS combined with daytime sleepiness increased the odds of hypertension by 23% (OR=1.23, 95% CI: 1.01-1.65) compared to OSAHS without daytime sleepiness. Conclusion: The daytime sleepiness is an independent risk factor of hypertension in OSAHS patients.
Assuntos
Hipertensão , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono , Sono , Adulto , Pressão Sanguínea , China , Humanos , Polissonografia , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Crossing different ploidy grapes is an effective way to obtain new seedless cultivars. Although embryo rescue has been extensively applied in breeding seedless and triploid grapes, only a few improved cultivars have been developed. Based on preliminary studies, we set five crosses between tetraploid and diploid grape varieties to obtain new hybrid triploid germplasms. Additionally, we compared two different methods of performing in vitro embryo rescue and sowing in the development of hybrid triploid grape plants. The results showed that the germination rate of hybrid seeds was much lower (0-22.8%) than that of the self-pollinated seeds (50.9-61.2%) obtained though the same method of in vitro culture. Meanwhile, the seed germination rates of all crosses obtain through in vitro culture (0-61.2%) were higher than those obtained through sowing (0-42.0%). Identification of ploidy level confirmed that three lines obtained from the crosses of 'Ruby Seedless (2x) x Black Olympia (4x)' and 'Big black (2x) x Kyoho (4x)' were triploid, and one line from the cross of 'Big black (2x) x Kyoho (4x)' was haploid, and the others were diploid, tetraploid, or aneuploidy plants. Moreover, 4 haploid and 42 triploid surviving grape seedlings were planted in a vineyard after propagation. Therefore, an efficient system of breeding triploid seedless grapes using embryo rescue was established and 42 hybrid triploid germplasms were obtained for use in future studies.