Enchondroma of Anterior Maxilla: A Rare Entity.

Enchondroma is a benign cartilaginous tumor composed of mature hyaline cartilage. Cartilaginous tumors are detected in a small percentage of cases in the craniofacial region. These tumors may have diverse presentations ranging from a simple enchondroma to a high-grade osteo or chondrosarcoma. In the maxilla, only 1 case of enchondroma has been reported in the literature to date, to the best of the authors' knowledge. Tumor's membranous development attributes to its occurrence usually in the cartilage-bearing areas of the jaws, like the condylar process of the mandible (Meckel's cartilage). This case report intends to present one case of enchondroma involving the left maxilla, which has no primary cartilage of its own.

Osteopetrosis of the mandible masquerading as tubercular osteomyelitis.

Osteopetrosis is a rare congenital (autosomal type) disorder of the skeletal system. Several variants have been described in the literature with grossly variant prognosis and clinical behaviour. Several reports of intractable osteomyelitis of the jaw bones secondary to osteopetrosis, particularly the mandible, have been published widely. However, there is no published report of the complete mandible sequestrating de novo, in the literature. An overview of this spectrum of sclerotic bone disease, its presentation in the oro-facial region, the diagnostic challenge it poses and the management dilemma it offers to the maxillofacial surgeon is discussed and a protocol for managing this disease effectively is presented. A clinical illustration of the complexities of management of osteopetrosis-induced osteomyelitis of jaw bones is demonstrated with a very rare case in which the entire mandible had sequestrated.