[Emergency surgical care in the Volgograd region between 2017 and 2021]. / Sravnitel'nye rezul'taty okazaniya neotlozhnoi khirurgicheskoi pomoshchi naseleniyu Volgogradskoi oblasti v period 2017­2021 gg.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the indicators of emergency surgical care in the Volgograd region between 2017 and 2021. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We summarized and analyzed primary statistical data presented in annual analytical collections of the chief surgeon of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia «Surgical care In Russian Federation¼ (Revishvili A.Sh. et al.) and the Rosstat collections «Regions of Russia. Socio-economic indicators¼. RESULTS: According to analytic system outworked in the Vishnevsky National Research Medical Center of Surgery, surgical service in the Volgograd region dropped from the 64th to the 82nd place among other entities between 2017 and 2021. Insufficient innovative development of surgical service is evidenced by small number of surgeons, common part-time work, no dynamics in introduction of laparoscopic surgeries and high in-hospital mortality in some acute abdominal disease. Work of regional surgical service was compared with socio-economic development of region and monitoring indicators in the «Health¼ national project. CONCLUSION: Improving the efficacy of surgical service in the Volgograd region requires joint efforts of the entire regional healthcare system.

[The organization of medical service of the Interior Ministry of Russia in 2017].

The article presents a comprehensive analysis and assessment of the state of regional characteristics of morbidity with temporary disability, disability and mortality of employees of the internal affairs bodies of Russia. The source of the data was medical statistical reports generated by the medical and sanitary units of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia using lexical analysis of medical documentation.

[Algorithm for artificial teeth size estimation according to face morphological features in patients with complete adentia]. / Algoritm opredeleniia razmerov iskusstvennykh zubov po morfometricheskim parametram litsa u liudei s polnoi adentiei.

The aim of the study was to improve the prosthetic treatment of patients with complete absence of teeth, taking into account the development of an algorithm for determining the size of artificial teeth by the morphometric parameters of the face. The study involved 76 elderly and senile adults with a full adentia of permanent teeth, who turned to the clinic for a prosthetic treatment. The results of examination and orthopedic treatment of this category of patients made it possible to develop an algorithm for determining the size of artificial teeth during prosthetics of dentition defects, taking into account the original correction factors obtained by calculation and analytical methods using mathematical-graphic modeling. The algorithm is based on the optimal ratio of diagonal facial parameters on both sides and the sum of the mesial-distal dimensions of 14 artificial teeth on the upper jaw, taking into account the correction factor of 2.2. The sum of the width of the artificial teeth of the frontal part on the upper jaw correlates with the total width of the crowns of 14 artificial teeth, taking into account the correction coefficient of 2.45. The value of the intermaxillary correction factor at a ratio of the width of 14 artificial teeth on the upper jaw to the similar dimensional characteristics of artificial teeth on the lower jaw is 1.07. Thus, to determine the size of artificial teeth in the design of denture prostheses, it is mathematically tested and clinically justified the advisability of using diagonal facial parameters and corresponding original correction factors.

[Concomitant urogenital infections in men].

The article presents possible combinations of urogenital infections of various etiologies and some pathogenetic, clinical and epidemiological features, and issues of epidemiological surveillance for co-infection. The authors describe in detail combinations with each other and with other diseases of such pathogens as Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma spp., Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas vaginalis. They also focus on the problem of co-occurrence of human papillomavirus (HPV) with other urogenital pathogens. The article raises the question of the need to introduce new scientific data on the epidemiology of concomitant urogenital infections in men in the practice of diagnosis, treatment, registration, and implementation of preventive and anti-epidemic measures.

[The mode of detection of microorganisms' sensitivity to disinfectants].

The article presents the technique to evaluate the sensitivity of microorganisms-causative agents of infections isolated from patients, carriers and environment to the disinfectants. The proposed technique gives a possibility to detect the condition of microorganism resistance to disinfectant and to evaluate the degree of its sensitivity. The evaluation of sensitivity specificity accuracy, positive and negative prognostic value, reproducibility of developed technique was made.

[Contamination of health care institutions environmental objects by Legionella pneumophila].

UNLABELLED: AIM. The extent of environmental objects contamination by Legionella pneumophila in Nizhny Novgorod and Nizhny Novgorod region hospitals evaluation, and detection of potentially hazardous objects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 433 swabs of environmental objects, and 43 hot water supply and pool water samples from various departments of 4 multi-disciplinary hospitals were studies. DNA from environmental samples was detected by using real time PCR. RESULTS: L. pneumophila DNA was detected in 41 (9,47%) samples from environmental objects and in 2 (4,65%) samples from hot water supply. These bacteria were more frequently detected in environmental samples from physiotherapy departments. Repeated detection of legionellae from the same objects was registered. CONCLUSION: Circulation of legionellae in multidisciplinary hospitals was determined. Circulation high risk departments and risk objects--reservoirs of L. pneumophila in health care institutions were determined.

[Terminologic aspects of infections associated with administration of medical aid].

Evolution of key terms used in epidemiology of nosocomial infections is discussed. A modern point of view on terminology and comparison of Russian terms with foreign analogues are presented.

[Epidemiological surveillance of nosocomial pyo-septic infections]. / Epidemiologicheskii nadzor za gospital'nymi gnoino-septicheskimi infektsiiami.

The paper analyzes the parameters of epidemiological surveillance of nosocomial pyoseptic infections (NPSI) at surgical hospitals. It considers its basic concepts and presents the authors own findings. Particular emphasis is laid on guidelines for detecting NPSI cases and on epidemiological surveillance. A method of a follow-up is proposed to solve problems in the informational and analytical support of surveillance.

[Prevention of toxoplasmoses]. / O profilaktike toksoplazmozakh.

Prophylaxis of toxoplasmosis consists of a complex of general medical and veterinary measures. Of importance is detection of latent forms of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women and their timely treatment. Thorough clinical and immunological examination of persons with prolonged diseases of obscure etiology is necessary. Suggestions are given for dispensary observation of persons who sustained the disease and had positive immunological reactions for toxoplasmosis. Materials on prophylaxis of hemotransfusion transmission of the infection are presented for the first time. A number of recommendations concerns measures of general organization and also planned prophylactic examination with the use of immunological methods of some groups of population with increased risk of infection.

[Who thinks clearly--writes in plain terms...(about the problems of the terminology in epidemiology)]. / Kto iasno myslit--tot iasno islagaet...( o probleme terminologii v épidemiologii).

The work deals with the tendency of introducing superfluous terms in epidemiology and other medical sciences. Four groups of foreign terminology, occurring in scientific literature on different problems of epidemiology, are presented. Examples of publications containing terms and notions whose interpretation is absent in dictionaries are given.

[Epidemiology of bacillary dysentery in Algeria. II. The seasonality of dysentery]. / Epidemiologiia bakterial'noi dizenterii v Alzhire. Soobshchenie II. Sezonnost' dizenterii.

Morbidity rises during the period of summer and autumn are characteristic of bacterial dysentery in Algeria. During the last 18 years no essential changes in the seasonal character of bacterial dysentery were observed in the country taken as a whole. However, in different climatic and geographical zones of the country the seasonal character of dysentery greatly varies from one zone to another and essentially differs from the seasonal character of dysentery morbidity, typical of the country as a whole for many years. The most pronounced manifestations of seasonal rises are observed in the Sahara zone. The seasonal character of dysentery is formed mainly by morbidity among patients belonging to 3 age groups. The seasonal rises of dysentery can be probably explained by the complex of social and climatic factors, as well as by the biological features of the causative agents of this disease.

[The prognosis of the antianginal effect of foridon compared to other antianginal preparations]. / Prognozirovanie antianginal'nogo éffekta foridona v sravnenii s drugimi antianginal'nymi preparatami.

The study covered 20 patients with angina pectoris. Antianginal drugs such as sydnopharm, kordafen, anaprilin, nitrosorbide, and foridon were tested by using pair exercise tests. All the patients had preliminary instrumental studies, including exercise test, echocardiography, hyperventilation and orthostatic tests, and variation pulsometry. A regression equation was derived, which could predict the efficacy of foridon from the findings of the tests used. The antianginal effect of foridon was found to be the weakest among the other drugs under study.

[Epidemiology of bacillary dysentery in Algeria. I. The epidemiological aspects of dysentery in Algeria]. / Epidemiologiia bakterial'noi dizenterii v Alzhire. Soobshchenie I. Nekotorye épidemiologicheskie aspekty dizenterii v Alzhire.

Bacterial dysentery plays an important role among infectious diseases in Algeria. A tendency to the growth of the morbidity rate has been observed. Dysentery is irregularly spread in different zones of the country. The highest morbidity rate is registered in the Sahara zone and in the eastern part of the country. The morbidity rate among the urban population is higher than among the rural population. S. flexneri prevail in the etiological structure of dysentery infection. Of all age groups, the highest morbidity rate is observed among children during the first 2 years of life. In recent years lethality varies between 2.9% and 7.5%. Patients are hospitalized mainly on the basis of clinical symptoms.

[Epidemiologic features of hospital pyo-septic infection in a cardiosurgical hospital]. / Epidemiologicheskie osobennosti gospital'noi gnoino-septicheskoi infektsii v kardiokhirurgicheskom statsionare.

The results of the epidemiological analysis of morbidity in purulent septic infection in a cardiosurgical hospital during the period of 1990-1963 is presented. As revealed by this analysis, until 1993 the dominating causative agent of this infection was Pseudomonas aeruginosa O16, and since 1994 Staphylococcus epidermidis prevailed. The morbidity dynamics for several years and during individual years is shown. The main risk factors were established. The reanimation department was found to be the main areas where the contamination of patients occurred.

[Psychological aspects of systemic approach to intra-nosological diagnosis in arterial hypertension]. / Psikhologicheskie aspekty sistemnogo podkhoda k vnytrinozologicheskoi diagnostike pri arterial'noi gipertonii.

AIM: To evaluate significance of the program of psychological examination of patients with essential hypertension (EH) for clinicians and characterize the patients psychologically. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 46 EH patients were examined for time of trouble, stress liability, psychological reaction to the disease, factors of vitality. 24-h blood pressure (BP) monitoring was made in 40 patients. RESULTS: It is shown that in EH more frequent are hypochondriac and anxiodepressive psychological types. "White coat" hypertensive reactions (primarily, a rise of systolic blood pressure by 12.5%, on the average) were observed in any psychological types but more in the hypochondriac type. Time of trouble and stress liability were high and correlated. Cluster analysis has identified patients with the highest mean BP. Their psychological analysis is presented. CONCLUSION: The proposed program of evaluation of psychological features of somatic patients allow to define main psychological factors influencing BP. This program is available for clinicians who are not professional psychologists.

[Group cryptosporidiosis morbidity in children]. / Gruppovye zabolevaniia kriptosporidiozom detei.

The group morbidity with cryptosporidiosis (13 cases) was recorded in infants from a somatic hospital and a nursery school and also among unorganized groups. The factor of transmission was kefir prepared in the nursery milk kitchen. Cryptosporidian oocysts were not found in the personnel of the kitchen. It was supposed that the contamination of milk by oocysts occurred on milk farm. Single oocysts were found in milk sediments on the filter taken from a tank at a milk factory.

[The characteristics of cryptosporidiosis prevalence in Nizhni Novgorod Province]. / Osobennosti rasprostraneniia kriptosporidioza v Nizhnegorodskoi oblasti.

A total of 4070 patients with acute intestinal diseases were tested for cryptosporidiosis in 1989, 1806 of these without diarrhea (controls), 286 of them working at slaughter houses, milk-packing plants and dairy plants, 192 subjects with a history of contacts with cryptosporidiosis patients in the focus of the disease, and 7 animals. Cryptosporidiosis was responsible for 3.2% of acute intestinal conditions in children; cryptosporidia oocysts were not detected in adults or healthy subjects. The high risk group invasion has made up 2.7%. Two cases of the invasion were detected among subjects with a history of contacts with cryptosporidiosis patients, this making up 1.04%, none of them presenting with any clinical symptoms of the invasion.