[Comparison of respiratory diseases and symptoms among school-age children in areas with different levels of air pollution].

OBJECTIVE: To compare the differences of children's health in different area, and to confirm if the prevalence of respiratory diseases and symptoms among children are closely associated with the air pollution. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in an urban area A and a suburban area B with different levels of air pollution in Beijing. Using a cluster sampling method, we recruited 4 564 children from 3 primary schools in urban A and 4 primary schools in suburban B. Respiratory symptoms were investigated using an international standardized questionnaire including characteristics of children, living conditions, respiratory diseases and symptoms and situation of parents. The concentrations of air pollutants for recent five years were obtained from Reports on the Quality of the Beijing Environment. SPSS 16.0 was used to analyze data. RESULTS: The prevalence of cough, persistent cough, phlegm, persistent phlegm, wheeze and asthma in A area were higher than those in B area [(62.2% vs. 59.9%), (6.3% vs. 3.1%), (42.4% vs. 37.4%),(3.6% vs. 2.4%),(13.3% vs. 9.9%)and(9.5% vs. 5.4%)]. Except for cough, cough with cold, cough without cold, the prevalence of respiratory diseases and symptoms in A area were significantly higher than those in B area (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed the prevalence of persistent cough, phlegm without cold, asthma in A area were significantly higher than those in B area (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Respiratory diseases and symptoms among school-age children were closely associated with the level of air pollution.

[Tissue distribution of 1,3-diphenyl-1,3-propanedione in mice].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate tissue distribution characteristics of 1,3-diphenyl-1,3-propanedione (DPPD) in mice. METHODS: Male ICR mice were dosed with DPPD 500 mg/kg via oral gavage, and the tissue samples of the heart, liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys and muscle of each mouse were collected as scheduled. At each time point, the concentrations of DPPD in the mouse tissues were measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. The main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by Thermo Kinetica 4.4.1 software. RESULTS: DPPD was absorbed rapidly after oral administration. The concentrations of DPPD in the liver and in the kidney were higher, respectively (liver: AUC(tot)=41.92 µg×h/g, kidney: AUC(tot)=40.40 µg×h/g). The drug concentrations showed a rapid distribution in the liver and lungs (T(max)=0.32 h and 0.33 h respectively) after oral administration, but in the muscle the maximum was 3.85 h. The maximum concentration of DPPD was in the liver (C(max)=31.20 µg/g), which was also the highest tissue concentration of all the subjects. DPPD could be detected at the low concentration within 24 h in all the tissues involved. CONCLUSION: DPPD distributed unevenly in various tissues. In the liver, kidney and muscle, the amount of the drug concentration was larger, and was lower in the lungs and spleen.