RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The present study was aimed at analyzing the effect of physical activity on motor coordination in children with ASD. METHODS: On 28 June 2021, a systematic review with meta-analysis was performed using the following databases: MEDLINE, SciELO, LILACS, PEDro, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Science Direct. We analyzed the methodological quality and risk of bias using the Jadad scale and Cochrane tool, respectively. Motor coordination results were meta-analyzed using the RevMan program. Two independent researchers used the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) tool to assess the level of evidence from the meta-analysis. RESULTS: We found four studies in the listed databases and five randomized clinical trials were included in the meta-analysis that included 109 children with ASD. Children with ASD who performed physical activity did not present significantly better motor coordination than control children (p = 0.12). CONCLUSIONS: Considering the clinical importance of physical activity for children with ASD, this systematic review with meta-analysis showed that physical activity had no statistically significant effects on coordination in individuals with ASD.
Assuntos
Transtorno do Espectro Autista , Criança , Humanos , Transtorno do Espectro Autista/tratamento farmacológico , Destreza Motora , Exercício FísicoRESUMO
RESUMO: a Síndrome de Down (SD) é uma alteração genética bastante conhecida por apresentar características físicas e cognitivas, com possíveis déficits em seu desenvolvimento motor. O objetivo do estudo foi de avaliar a idade motora em crianças com a SD e apontar quais categorias psicomotoras apresentaram maiores déficits em seus resultados. Foram participantes deste estudo sete crianças diagnosticadas com a SD, sem patologias associadas e para a avaliação da idade motora foram aplicados os testes da Escala de Desenvolvimento Motor (EDM). Por tratar-se de crianças com necessidades especiais, os dados foram avaliados e tabulados individualmente. Os resultados mostraram um desenvolvimento motor geral muito inferior ao esperado para todos os participantes na mesma idade. No entanto, foi verificado que o desenvolvimento motor fino apresentou menor prejuízo na maioria dos casos. Ao contrário da organização temporal, esquema corporal e equilíbrio que foram considerados muito aquém do esperado em todas as crianças. A organização temporal foi a tarefa na qual os participantes apresentaram maior atraso motor. Conclui-se que os níveis de atraso motor em crianças com SD, embora constantemente presentes, variam conforme a tarefa solicitada e de acordo com as individualidades de cada sujeito.
ABSTRACT: Down Syndrome (DS), is a genetic disorder well known for presenting physical and cognitive characteristics, with possible deficits in motor development. The present study aimed to evaluate the motor age in children with DS and point out which psychomotor categories showed higher deficits. The subjects of this study were seven children diagnosed with SD without associated pathologies. For evaluating the motor age, we applied Motor Development Scale (MDS) tests, which uses a set of tasks that culminate in a score, and subsequently classifies participants in relation to motor development. Because the participants were children with special needs, data were analyzed and tabulated separately. Results showed a that general motor development was much lower than expected for all participants at the same age. However, it was found that the fine motor development showed less impairment in most cases. Unlike temporal organization, body scheme and balance were considered much below the expectations for all children. Temporal organization was the poorest scored task. We concluded that motor delay levels in children with DS, although constantly present, vary according to the requested task and according to the individualities of each individual.